Effect of Trypanosoma evansi on the Efficiency of Pasteurella multocida Vaccination
Effect of Trypanosoma evansi on the Efficiency of Pasteurella multocida Vaccination
Safaa M. Barghash1*, Amani A. Hafez2
ABSTRACT
Trypanosoma evansi is the most ubiquitous protozoan parasite with a wide geographical distribution. The current study aimed to investigate if Trypanosoma evansi induces immunosuppression that may interfere with the development of immunity after vaccination in rats against Pasteurella multocida. T. evansi-infected and non-infected Wester Albino rats immunized against pasteurellosis with two vaccines; one is commercial, and the other is a formalin-killed vaccine (prepared from a local strain), and subsequently challenged virulent P. multocida. The differences in the regulation of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL12, IL6, and IL10 cytokine levels expression, were assessed as biomarkers of the clinical phase of infections. Results revealed that T. evansi infection has a significant influence on the performance of rats, and antibody responses against both vaccines were significantly reduced in T. evansi-infected groups compared to controls and others did not contain T. evansi. It was accompanied by significant elevations levels in total leukocytic counts, urea, ALT, AST, ALP, and the total protein compared to control values. T. evansi developed protection against both vaccines with increases in α-TNF, γ-IFN, IL12, and IL6 levels, and lower in IL-10 levels. The differences in cytokine levels against the two vaccines pointed to a significant role in the immunosuppression of T. evansi on vaccines confirmed by severe changes in the lung by different degrees. We concluded T. evansi spoils vaccines and produces poor protection in vaccinated rats against P. multocida infection.
Keywords | Trypanosoma evansi, Pasteurella multocida, Vaccine, Rats, Egypt
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April 2022
Vol. 10, Iss. 4, Pages 712-954
