Estimation of Crop Water Demand for Rice by the FAO Penman Monteith Evapotranspiration Model
Estimation of Crop Water Demand for Rice by the FAO Penman Monteith Evapotranspiration Model
Phan Truong Khanh* and Tran Thi Hong Ngoc
ABSTRACT
An Giang is one of the most important rice producing provinces in Vietnam. However, while water is generally abundant, some parts of the province experience seasonal water shortages. This, coupled with the increasing frequency and severity of droughts, perhaps linked to climate change, is impacting adversely on rice production. The overall purpose of the study is planning of irrigation scheduling, it requires information of precise quantity of water needed by crop in a certain set of meteorological condition of the region. Moreover, determination of water requirement for crop is a first stage in the design, operation and planning of irrigation schemes to ensure adequate water is available to meet agricultural needs. In this work we use the FAO-Penman-Monteith Evapotranspiration Model to calculate evapotranspiration of rice harvests in the province of An Giang, Vietnam, and evaluating the entire water demand for the production of rice in the year 2020. The results showed that the value ET0 for rice in An Giang province ranged from 3.2 to 3.91 mm.d-1, and averaged 3.73 ± 0.34mm.d-1 (equivalent to 1,323 mm.yr-1). Crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and its actual estimation was 1,588 mm.yr-1. In whole province the total water demand in the year 2020 was based on 2,796 million m3. The results also showed that reliable projections of water requirements at different spatial scales enable water management authorities to assess and upgrade irrigation infrastructure and manage water allocation to meet for rice production.
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