The Efficacy and Persistence of Spodoptera littoralis Nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) Applied in UV Protectants against the Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under Saudi Field Conditions

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The Efficacy and Persistence of Spodoptera littoralis Nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) Applied in UV Protectants against the Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under Saudi Field Conditions

**Sukirno Sukirno^1,2, Muhammad Tufail^1,3,*, Khawaja Ghulam Rasool¹, Said El Salamouny^{1, 4}, Koko Dwi Sutanto¹ and Abdulrahman Saad Aldawood¹**

Author Affiliations

¹Economic Entomology Research Unit (EERU), Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11450, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

²Entomology Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

³Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, Japan

⁴Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.

* Corresponding author: mtufail@ksu.edu.sa; mtufail.ksu@gmail.com

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Fig. 1.

Absorption spectra of green tea, olive, henna, beetroot, lemon, grape, dates, kiwi, clove and pomegranate measured by the spectrophotometer at the wavelength range of 190-500 nm.

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October 2018

Vol. 50, Iss. 5, Pages 1601-1998

Pakistan Journal of Zoology

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The Efficacy and Persistence of Spodoptera littoralis Nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) Applied in UV Protectants against the Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under Saudi Field Conditions

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The Efficacy and Persistence of Spodoptera littoralis Nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) Applied in UV Protectants against the Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under Saudi Field Conditions

**Sukirno Sukirno^1,2, Muhammad Tufail^1,3,*, Khawaja Ghulam Rasool¹, Said El Salamouny^{1, 4}, Koko Dwi Sutanto¹ and Abdulrahman Saad Aldawood¹**

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Pakistan Journal of Zoology

The Efficacy and Persistence of Spodoptera littoralis Nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) Applied in UV Protectants against the Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under Saudi Field Conditions

The Efficacy and Persistence of Spodoptera littoralis Nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) Applied in UV Protectants against the Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under Saudi Field Conditions

Sukirno Sukirno1,2, Muhammad Tufail1,3,*, Khawaja Ghulam Rasool1, Said El Salamouny1, 4, Koko Dwi Sutanto1 and Abdulrahman Saad Aldawood1

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**Sukirno Sukirno^1,2, Muhammad Tufail^1,3,*, Khawaja Ghulam Rasool¹, Said El Salamouny^{1, 4}, Koko Dwi Sutanto¹ and Abdulrahman Saad Aldawood¹**