Mohammed A. Rohaim1*, Rania F. El Naggar2, Ahmed M. Helal3, Hussein Ahmed Hussein1 and Neil LeBlanc4
...ity index (1.2), and the amino acid motif, (112KRQKR116), at the cleavage site of the fusion (F) protein indicated the emergence of PPMV-1 in Egypt. Phylogenetic analysis of the F and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) genes indicated that the isolate clustered with the PPMV-1 strains recently reported from Israel within subgenotype VIb. Our findings report the emergence of PPMV-1 in Egyptian pigeons and the potential role these wild birds can play in the trans...
Mohammad Mushfiqur Rahman1, Rokshana Parvin1, Ataur Rahman Bhuiyan1, Mohammad Giasuddin2, Shah Md. Ziqrul Haq Chowdhury3, Mohammad Rafiqul Islam1, Emdadul Haque Chowdhury1*
...o the F gene. Two unique amino acid substitutions (K423Q and E426G) were observed in Bangladeshi and Chinese isolates in the partial sequence of N protein.The recent Bangladeshi isolates are somewhat divergent from the earlier Bangladeshi isolate, indicating that the PPRV strains in Bangladesh are continuously changing their genetic character....
Ambreena Hafiz1, Tanzeela Riaz2 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1*
...lucose contents and free amino acids increased, whereas glycogen and lipid contents were reduced in all deltamethrin-resistant populations as compared to deltamethrin-susceptible population. Soluble Proteins were significantly elevated (79, 100 and 37%) in 4th and 6th instar larvae and adult beetles of Gujranwala, (14, 24 and 14%) in Okara and (14, 13 and 2%) in D.G Khan populations, respectively compared to susceptible population. Free <...
Misbah Riaz1, Qaiser Mansoor2, Maleeha Akram1, Muhammad Ismail2, Parveen Akhtar3, Shakeel Mirza4, Mazhar Qayyum1, Afzaal Ahmed Naseem1, Faheem Tahir5 and Syed Shakeel Raza Rizvi1*
...ce valine with any other amino acid. The other mutation determined at nucleotide position 101, was a missense mutation, which substituted serine with phenylalanine at 34th position of extracellular domain of GNRHR. The Ser34Phe mutation was manifested in phenotypic traits such as low concentrations of FSH, LH and T and delayed puberty. In conclusion, mutations in GNRHR may cause delay in male puberty in Pakistani population....
Characterization, Tissue-Specific and Developmental Stage Expression of Somatostatin in Coilia nasus
Siyu Yang1, Fukuan Du2 and Pao Xu1,2*
...codes a protein with 114 amino acids that contains the SS14 sequence at its C-terminus. This putative peptide is identical to that generated by the SS1 gene in other vertebrates. Tissue distribution of C. nasus SS1 mRNA was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which demonstrated high expression level in the brain. During embryogenesis, SS1 mRNA was detected during early-stage embryonic development, decreased during subsequent developmental st...
Jun Cui, Xiaoxu Zhou, Zhicheng Wang, Derong Kong, Xuemei Qiu, Hongdi Wang and Xiuli Wang*
...des a polypeptide of 445 amino acids. The calculated molecular weight of crucian carp Wap65 protein (CcWap65) is 50.8kDa, containing a signal peptide cleavage site between amino acids 18 and 19. The CcWap65 is a hydrophilic protein and no trans-membrane topological proteins. The SMART analysis revealed that CcWap65 contains three hemopexin-like repeats (E-value < 0.05). The crucian carp Wap65 was mainly expressed i...
Faiz Muhammad,1, 2,*, Zhang Zhi-Feng,1, Shao Ming-Yu1 and Muhammad Shafi3
...rame (ORF), encoding 164 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 17.6 kDa. The LvCypA has four β- strands. Tissue distribution of the LvCypA after real time analysis revealed that expression is in order of muscle, gill, lymphoid organ and hepatopancrease.
... 
Abdul Wajid Khalil and Zafar Iqbal
... the proximate, mineral, amino acid compositions of the aerial parts and roots of B. procumbens. The result of carbohydrate (75.56±0.046%) of aerial parts was found higher as compared to the roots (31.22±0.05%) while protein (37.46±0.02%) and organic matter (21.25±0.03%) was recorded higher in roots than the aerial parts of B. procumbens. Calcium (309.73±0.06mg/100g), potassium (274.59±0.08mg/100g) and iron (32.58&plus...
John G. Bruno
...the hypervariable region amino acid sequences of the target antibodies, no docking simulations are possible to test this topological hypothesis, but the present work illustrates feasibility of the approach and paves the way for more sophisticated analysis that could lead to improved rickettsial serodiagnostics and aptamer-based vaccines....
Neenish Rana, Nosheen Ehsan, Awais Ihsan and Farrukh Jamil*
...tion, energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism and transport and binding.
...
Hussein Aly Hussein1*, Omneya Mohamed Khattab2, Shereen Mohamed Aly2, and Mohammed Abdel Mohsen Rohaim1
...tes and other LSDVs. The amino acid sequences of GPCR genes of our isolates contained the unique signature of LSDV (A11, T12, T34, S99 and P199). Phylogenetic analyses showed that the GPCR genes of LSDVs identified from ticks were closest genetically to the previously detected LSDVs from infected ruminants, indicating a potential role of Ixodid ticks for transmission of LSDV. This study showed the role of A. hebraeum ticks for transmission of LSDV. So, tick co...
Yijin He1, Song Ma2, Bo Liu1,*, Ting Xue1, Qunlan Zhou1, Wu Jin1 and Kui Chen2,*
...ferent, and there were 5 amino acids different between speculated fusion proteins. Under bioinformatics analysis, the T2R1 gene without introns was consistent with the structural domains characteristics of this family genes. The translation protein of T2R1 gene displayed with corresponding signal loci and functional domains of this gene family, and the result showed that the taste receptor translated by T2R1 gene belongs to G protein-coupl...
Muhammad Abid1*, Tahir Yaqub2, Arslan Mehboob3 and Muhammad Zubair Shabbir4
...d A/HK/1074/99). Several amino acid substitutions at various regions of the NA protein were determined with unknown functions and consequences. These findings warrant future studies for analysis of whole genome sequencing of prevailing H9N2 viruses in Pakistan which may further contribute towards the better understanding of the genetic nature and evolutionary behavior of these viruses in the country....
Xue-yang Wang1, Shang-zhi Zhang1, Ming-hui Liu2, Dong Yu1, Yan Ma1, Dong-qiong Fei1, Hai-zhong Yu1 and Jia-ping Xu1,*
...encoding a predicted 641 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of approximately 71.2 kDa. BmARM-like mRNA showed highest expression in hemolymph, significantly high expression levels in 4th instar, moth, and egg, stable high expression levels in the early embryonic development, relatively high expression levels in the 1st day and 5th day of the pupa stage, and highest expression levels in the molting stage. What&rs...
Farid S. Ataya,1,2,* Dalia Fouad,3,4 Ajamaluddin Malik,1 Nikolaos E. Labrou,5 Mohamed S. Daoud1,6 and Hesham M. Saeed7
...cant differences between amino acid sequence of C. dromedarius and other mammalian GSTP1-1 enzymes. Phylogenetic relationship was studied with different organisms belonging to animal kingdom and revealed that CdGSTP1-1 is grouped with the enzyme from S. scrofa. The 3D homology model of CdGSTP1-1 showed similar fold and topology with the porcine GSTpi enzyme. Gene expression analysis in five camel tissues was examined employing real-...
Jianping Li1, Qian Jiang2, Wei Chen2, Yumei Li3, Huaizhi Jiang4, Jinlong Huo5 and Qiaoling Zhang2*
...ne (H)→arginine (R) amino acid (AA) change was detected at KIT exon 13 in both the white cashmere goat and the black cashmere goat. Moreover, comparison with other species revealed three dramatic amino acid mutation areas. Our results also indicated that c-kit expression was higher in the white cashmere goat than in the black goat, and this significant difference was detected by q-PCR and western blotting. All ca...
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1, Khanum Zahra2, Arooj Zaheer2, Khizar Samiullah3
... sequence of constituent amino acid or by inserting silk producing gene in another suitable animal....
RuiHua Zhang, YongFang Jia, TingTing Liang, QianWen Yang, QiYan Du and ZhongJie Chang*
...ncode a 780, 784 and 602 amino acid protein, respectively. Chromosome synteny analyses revealed that CcSox5 and CcSox13 weretightly linked with the etnk gene, which was conserved in all species; however, there were no conserved regions flanking CcSox6. Numerous essential transcription factor binding sites (TFs) were predicted within the 2000 bp upstream of the 5’ end of these genes. These TFs include BSX, BRN4 and NGN–NEUROD, w...
Ozgur Altan*
...t, the nutrient content, amino acid and fatty acid profile in the solid part have been analyzed. According to the results obtained, it was observed that the solid part could not be used commercially by substituting the fish meal in a rate of one-to-one, and that it could be included in the formulation as a second class raw material although it is not as valuable as fish meal in terms of amino acid balance.
...
Amtul Jamil Sami1,*, Sehrish Bilal1, Madeeha Khalid1, Muhammad Tahir Nazir1 and A.R. Shakoori2
...ch showed that change in amino acid sequence of primary structure of enzyme exists at the saponin binding site, resulting in weak interaction for A. mellifera as compared to T. castaneum enzyme protein. Computational studies inidicate that A. mellifera enzyme had a little binding affinity for saponin as compared to T. castaneum AChE. The amino acid residues of T. castaneum AChE identified a...
Muhammad Rasool1,*, Muhammad Zahid1, Muhammad Ismail Khan1, Qadeem Khan2 and Khalid Khan1
... not cause any change at amino acid level, while the 2nd, 3rd and 4th substitutions at nucleotide level results an amino acid change. The phylogenetic studies established that the Pakistanian HBV Isolates closely resemble the “adrq” strain belonging to “adr” subtype. The study showed that the pre-S2 region is hypervariable and two reported sequences show 100% homology ...
Riaz Hussain*, Muhammad Riaz**, Mushtaq A. Saleem*** and Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi**
BIOCHEMICAL ABNORMALITIES INDUCED BY ABAMECTIN IN SIXTH INSTAR LARVAE OF THE RED FLOUR BEETLE, TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM (HERBST)
...soluble protein and free amino acids (FAA). The sixth instar larvae of T. castaneum were released and exposed for 48h without food on abamectin treated glass petri dishes. The surviving ones were then homogenized in saline and centrifuged prior to biochemical analyses. Results showed differences in the activities of enzymes and quantities of total protein, soluble protein and FAA between strains and among concentrations. Abamectin, at LC and LC , changed the a...
Dildar Hussain Kalhoro1,2,, Shan Liang1, Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro2, Shoaib Ahmed Pirzado2, Nasir Rajput2, Muhammad Naeem2, Fahmida Parveen2 andYongjie Liu1*
...ations were found in the amino acid of HA (A144T, R158K, D291N, L383F) and NA (T19A, V33L, V82A, S336N). The HA and NA genetic evolution analysis revealed that one isolate was most similar to the newly isolated H3N2 viruses from dogs in China and had the same evolutionary branching. The result provided a foundation for further studies on biological characteristics of CIV.
...
Yanling Xia1,2, Heping Li2, Yuntao Liang2, Jichen Zhao2, Binshan Lu2 and Di Liu1,*
...g a polypeptide with 327 amino acids. The deduced molecular mass and isoelectric point of Vps26A protein were 38.2 kDa and 6.13, respectively. Glutamic acid had the largest proportion (10.4%) in the primary structure. Homologous sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that theVps26A protein of sika deer was highly similar to that of Bos taurus. Expression analysis by real-time quantitative RT-PCR revealed that Vps26A gene had ...
Xiaopeng Tang1,3, Rong Xiang1, Sijia Chen1,3, Shufen Yang1,3, Hu Liu1,3, Rejun Fang1,3,* and Aike Li2,*
...r-soluble protein (WSP), amino acid (AA) and peptide fractions, and the AA digestibility and metabolic energy of fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) and enzymatic hydrolyzed cotton seed meal (EHCSM) in white leghorn roosters. Firstly, CSM were fermented with Aspergillus niger, or hydrolyzed with alcalase and flavourzyme. Secondly, a total of 32 white leghorn roosters with similar body weight (1.95± 0.14 kg) were randomly assigned into 1 of 4 treatme...
Basit Zeshan1,2,*, Mushtaq A. Saleem2,Javed Iqbal Wattoo2, Mohd Mokhtar Arshad1 and Maizan Mohamed1
...sh;398 and 497–543 amino acid residues of S1 glycoprotein) were amplified by overlap PCR, cloned into prokaryotic expression vector resulting pET-Sf200 and confirmed the construct by sequencing. The recombinant plasmid was identified by restriction enzyme and sequencing analysis. The in vitro expression of the truncated protein was analyzed in E. coli with a molecular weight of 38kDa determined through SDS-PAGE and confirmed by W...
Hongwei Liang1,2,*, Miaomiao Tong1, Lihuan Cao1,2, Xiang Li3, Zhong Li1 and Guiwei Zou1,*
...n several countries. The amino acid and fatty acid profiles of muscle and calipash of Huaihe River, Yellow River, and Japanese strains of Chinese soft-shelled turtles were analyzed and compared. Calipash had higher concentrations of flavor amino acids than muscle. Muscle tissue of the Huaihe River strain had the highest concentration of pharmacodynamic amino acids and the highest concentra...
Evolutionary Analysis and Phylodynamics of Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 between 2015 and 2016 in Egypt
Osama Elshazly1, AbdelSatar Arafa1, Mohammed A. Rohaim2, Ismaeil M. Reda2 and Hussein A. Hussein2*
...ection pressure. Deduced amino acid analysis revealed characteristic mutations at HA antigenic sites besides two other mutations (129∆, I151T) that were found to be stable in recent subclade 2.2.1.1 isolates from humans and chickens. Our results revealed that linking the epidemiological and sequence data is important to understand the prevalence, transmission, persistence and evolution of the virus, and to monitor the circulating AIV strains and emergenc...
Farah Rauf Shakoori1,*, Anum Feroz1, Ayesha Gondal1,Sahar Akram2 and Tanzeela Riaz3
...sed the contents of free amino acids and soluble proteins while contents of total proteins, lipids, glycogen and trehalose were significantly reduced with reference to their control (untreated group). Among carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes, the activities of amylase and invertase were significantly reduced while activity of trehalase were significantly increased after treatment with sub lethal dose of λ-cyhalothrin as compared to control. The metabolic...
Yijiang Liu1, Kun Li2, Hui Zhang2, Khalid Mehmood2,3, Muhammad Shahzad3, Houqiang Luo1,*, Muhammad Asif Yaseen4 and Xiong Jiang2,5,*
...e multivariable sites in amino acids were ranged from 0 to 5.22%. The current results contributes to the perform prevention of leg problems in the bamboo rat industry.
...
Fatma Abdallah1*, Ola Hassnain2, Elsayed Attar3, Haytham Ali3,5, Mohamed Megahed1 and Venugopal Nair4
... eight studied consensus amino acid sequences of Meq proteins possess several amino acid mutations associated with the MDV virulence and a unique distortion in the Proline repeats (Proline-to-Alanine) at position 176 in the Egyptian MDV strains. The Phylogenetic analysis grouped the eight analysed sequences with the previously investigated Meq from Egypt (2011-2013) together with the very virulent European and Chinese MDV is...
Zhuanxia Chen1, Ningping Tao1,*, Xiao Qin1 and Dayong Liu2
...ere tested, such as free amino acids, nucleotides, trimethylamine oxide and betaine. Results showed that umami was the most prominent flavor. Compared with liver, IMP is the main flavor nucleotide in meat. However, the contents of the umami amino acids and betaine in liver are much higher than that of meat. Additionally, trimethylamine oxide is mainly found in the meat. After steaming, content of IMP in meat increased signif...
Changqing Zhao*, Zhuochi Chen and Yubin Li
...ermented jerky; the free amino acids content of the fermented jerky was higher than the non-fermented jerky; the acid protease activity was slightly higher than the neutral protease activity in the fermented jerky; four and fifteen volatile compounds were detected for the non-fermented and fermented jerky, respectively. The important compounds affecting the flavor of fermented jerky included DL-Glutamic Acid, Phenylethyl Alcohol, 1-Octen-3-ol, Nonanal, Pentana...
Tanveer Hussain1,*, Masroor Ellahi Babar1, Marcos De Donato2, Abdul Wajid1, Asif Nadeem3, Zahoor Ahmad3, Waqas Ahmad Khan4, Sunday O. Peters5 and Ikhide G. Imumorin6
...und, only three produced amino acid changes in the protein sequence. The UPGMA tree showed a clear differentiation between taurine and indicine cattle, except mitochondrial taurine sequences in Lohani and Nari Master breeds. The within-breed estimates of divergence were very low in all breeds except for Nari Master (mixed-bred). The estimates of divergence among breeds were also low for most breed pairs, except for Nari Master and Dhanni. While the overall gen...
Muhammad Amir Maqbool1*, Muhammad Aslam1, Waseem Akbar2, Muhammad Waheed Anwar3 and Ehtisham Shakeel Khokhar1
Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Composition of Freshwater Mussels, Anodonta pseudodopsis and Unio tigridis
Hülya Şereflişan and Beyza Ersoy Altun*
...position, fatty acid and amino acid levels were measured in A. pseudodopsis and U. tigridis from the Lake Gölbaşı. Crude protein and lipid contents were higher in U. tigridis (10.75%, 0.96%) than in A. pseudodopsis (8.63%, 0.77%, respectively), whereas the situation was vise versa for fatty acid compositions. The proportions of Omega-3 (n3) were higher than those of Omega-6 (n6) in both of the mussels. n6...
Farah Rauf Shakoori1,*, Tanzeela Riaz2, Uzma Ramzan1, Anum Feroz1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori2,3,*
...cose, trehalose and free amino acid while total protein and total lipid contents, were significantly increased with reference to their control (untreated group). Among carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes, the activities of trehalase, amylase and invertase were significantly reduced after treatment with sub lethal dose of esfenvalerate as compared to control. The metabolic derangements induced by sub-lethal dose of esfenvalerate suggest that infestation caused by...
Asma Sohail1*, Kashif Sarfraz Abbasi1, Maryum Arif2 and Fatima Najam1
...ins, proteins, essential amino acids, carotenoids, fatty acids like linoleic acid and linolenic acid, lignans, minerals and various phytochemicals. Due to the presence of two unsaturated fatty acids, these oils can reduce their biological activity on heating, volatilization, and other parameters like oxidation and UV rays. This limits the commercial application of these oils. To overcome such problems encapsulation could be a gentle approach. Prior to encapsul...
Nadia Khan1*, Abdul Waheed1, Farrukh Siyar Hamid1, Naveed Ahmed1, Zafar Iqbal2, Seemab Ali1, Madiha Bashir1 and Hina Gul3
...ites like carbohydrates, amino acids, alkaloids, flavonoids and glycosides. To test the antibacterial activity of the extracted seed oil, Agar well diffusion assay was employed. Effectiveness of the oil against selected bacterial species was measured in terms of zone of inhibition in millimeters. Amoxicillin was used as a positive control. The results showed that Clavibacter sp. and E. coli exhibit resistant to the oil extract while Xanthomonas sp. displayed n...
Gangchun Xu1,2, Fukuan Du2, Yuyu Wang2, Yan Li2, Zhijuan Nie2 and Pao Xu1,2,*
...encoded a protein of 388 amino acids. The 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions were 269 bp and 139 bp, respectively. The full length ortholog PTGES2b was 1,457 bp and contained a 729-bp ORF that encoded a protein of 242 amino acids. The 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions were 402 bp and 326 bp, respectively. One polyadenylation signal (AATAAA) was present 14 nucleotides upstream of the poly(A) tail in bo...
Pingping Cang1, Mingming Zhang1, Guo Qiao1,Qirui Sun1, Dehai Xu3, Qiang Li1, Xinghua Yuan4 and Wenbin Liu2,*
...>0.05). The essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids and total amino acids contents of gibel carp muscle in BFT group were higher than those in control group. Bioflocs were composed with 29.8% CP, 3.2% CL and 19.1% ash at day 60. CP content was appropriate, and LP was lower for gibel carp. Economic profitability analysis included analysis on gross revenue, break-even production,...
Ahmed Samy1*, Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba2, Gamelat Kotb Farag3 and Ahmed Abd El Halim1
...ge site with multi basic amino acid 112KRQKR/F117 characteristic of velogenic strains. However, phylogenetic analysis revealed clustering of all tested strains within sub-genotype VIg. Three isolates were assessed for pathogenicity based upon the mean death time (MDT), the intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) and the intravenous pathogenicity index (IVPI) in chicken. The ICPI and MDT revealed that all tested isolates were of moderate virulence (Mesogenic) ...
Muhammad Shahid Nadeem*, Maryam A. Al-Ghamdi and Jalaluddin Azam Khan
... of 972bp coding for 323 amino acids was PCR amplified from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans DSM-465 was PCR amplified and recombinant plasmid pET22b-Asn was prepared. L-asparaginase was produced in BL21 (DE3) RIL codon plus strain of E. coli as heterologous protein under 0.3mM IPTG. The recombinant enzyme was purified by DEAE-Sephadex colum based anion-exchange chromatography. On SDS-PAGE, the enzyme exhibited a molecular weight of about 36 KDa. ...
SiRui Wang1,2, Fekede Regasa Joka1,2, XiaoLong Wang1,2,* and SuYing Bai2,*
...h of 231 bp, encoding 77 amino acids. The third locus in all tested amino acid sequences contains a Ser residue that corresponds to amino acid position 631, the virus resistance site, in the chicken Mx gene. The third locus in all tested amino acid sequences are Ser and corresponds to the chicken 631 amino acid ...
Shengjie Zhou1,2, Pengfei Wang1,2, Chao Zhao1,2, Mingjun Fu3, Jian G. Qin4, Lihua Qiu1, Zhenhua Ma1, 4,* and Maoshang Lin1
...ing a polypeptide of 126 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 14.06 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 8.73. The results of qRT-PCR showed that the highest tissue expression of L-FABP gene was observed in fish liver on 18 DPH. Along with the ontogeny of fish larvae, the expression of L-FABP gene was low at hatching, and quickly increased with the increase of fish age from 0 DPH to 4 DPH, and reached the highest level on 12 DPH...
Muhammad Yasin1, Romana Shahzadi1, Muhammad Riaz2, Mahideen Afridi2, Wajya Ajmal3, Obaid Ur Rehman2, Nazia Rehman3, Ghulam Muhammad Ali1,3, Muhammad Ramzan Khan1,2,3*
...ated to be 95 and 96% at amino acid level for BnSHP1-like and BnSHP2-like genes, respectively. The phylogenetic reconstruction of SHP1 and SHP2 homologs from other species conglomerated BnSHP1-like and BnSHP2-like into their respective clades. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR revealed overlapping expression of both the BnSHP1-like and BnSHP2-like transcripts in flower and siliques while no expression in the leaf tissues was observed. A strong expression for FUL gene w...
Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba1, Naglaa Fathy Saeed Awad1*, Gamelat Kotb Farag Kotb2, Amany Adel3
...e nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences for VP2 hypervariable region of selected five IBDV field isolates were determined and compared to well characterized reference and vaccine strains worldwide. The IBD virus was detected in 9 out of 16 (56.25 %) investigated chicken flocks. Sequence analysis revealed that the analyzed Egyptian isolates identified as very virulent Infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV). The identity between these Egyptian isolates a...
Farah Bilal*, Abdulmohsen Alhejaily, Shahida Husnain
...This transition converts amino acid histidine to arginine. Our study concluded p.H1047R most frequent while p.E545K rarely found mutations in PIK3CA gene in NSCLC population. Present study can be proved as road map in setting PIK3CA mutations as potential therapeutics target for NSCLC in non-smokers.
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