Ahmed Sultan Jatoi1*, Shahid Mehmood2, Jibran Hussain2, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq2, Yassar Abbas3, Muhammad Akram2
...2160 newly hatched quail chicks were randomly picked up from available stock and then placed into 108 experimental units (replicates comprising 20 chicks each). Growth parameters i.e. weekly body weight (g), weight gain (g), times of weight gain, feed intake (g) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were calculated during the study period. Data were analysed by ANOVA technique and means were compared by using DMR test. The results...
Muhammad Mushtaq, Umer Sadique, Naila Chand, Iftikhar Ahmed, Said Sajjad Ali Shah, Ijaz Ahmad, Imran Ullah and Muqadar Shah
... investigated in broiler chicks. One hundred and twenty (120) day-old broiler’s chicks were alienated into four treatment groups namely WST-0, WST-I, WST-II and WST-III with three replication. Group WST-0 was kept as a control, while WST-I, WST-II and WST-III were treated with W. somnifera water based infusion @ 10, 20 and 30ml/lit respectively. The means were compared by using CRD as statistical model for analysis. Li...
Muhammad Afzal1 and Murad Khan2*
...ted for feed followed by chicks cost. The average gross margin of small farms was Rs. 38,556 while that of medium and large farm were Rs. 62,844 and Rs. 89,261 respectively. The highest net benefits were reported from the large scale poultry farms in spite of high mortality in large farms. Proper vaccination and medication was proposed to decrease losses due to high mortality particularly in large firms....
Majed Rafeeq1,*, Nadeem Rashid1, Muhammad Masood Tariq1, Rassol Bakhsh Tareen2, AsadUllah1 and Zahid Mustafa1
...-day-old (N=320) broiler chicks were divided into eight treatment groups with four replicates of ten chicks. Six treatments were three herbs i.e. Allium sativum, Cassia angustifolia and Artemisia scoparia @ 0.5 and 1.0% respectively, control (basal diet), and a positive control (Oxyfeed® @ 2g/kg). In the study, the treatment groups, which were given diet supplemented with herb and a...
Erum Bughio1, Ahmed Sultan Jatoi*1, Muzamil Memon2, Reema Bughio3, Pervez Ahmed Khoso4, Zafar Ali Khoso1 and Ali Asghar Baloch5
...a of clinically infected chicks, No morbidity and mortality were observed. During present study, some milder infection with field strain of IBDV almost a week ago recorded were also found in the control group when challenged with IBDV, IBD vaccines in the presence of specific maternally antibodies of IBD could no induce antibodies titer 1500 with live vaccines were protective against the IBDV. Based on the findings of present study, it can be concluded that al...
Beenish Zahid1,*, Asim Aslam2, Zafar Iqbal Chaudhry2 and Raheela Akhtar2
... were commercial broiler chicks having maternal derived antibodies and were challenged with IBDV field isolate at the rate of 0.1ml of EID50 (virus titer 105.50/100μl) on 2nd week of age through eye drops. Group B specific antibody negative (SAN) chicks were challenged with same dose at 2nd week of age. While the group C and D was unchallenged control containing commercial and SAN
Jia-xiang Wang1,2,* and Peng Li1,2
...tract of African ostrich chicks, little is known about its distribution in the pancreas ofthe African ostrich. In the present study, the distribution and morphological characteristics of ghrelin-immunopositive cells in the African ostrich pancreas were investigated using immunohistochemistry. Our results indicate that the pancreas is divided into twosections: the exocrine and endocrine portion.The exocrine portionis comprised of peripheral gland cells and cent...
Mahmoud Said1*, Abd El Satar Arafa1, Mohammed A. Rohaim2* and Hussein A. Hussein2
...y old commercial broiler chicks were vaccinated with LaSota. A group of chicks (n=40) were immunized using baculovirus (H5 and ND) inactivated vaccine via subcutaneous route. Birds (n=20) were then either challenged with 106 EID50 using Egyptian avian influenza H5N1 and Newcastle disease genotype VII. Comparative blood profiling in vaccinated and challenged, non-vaccinated and non-challenged and non-vaccinated and challenged...
Rafi Ullah1, Sarzamin Khan1,*, Abdul Hafeez1, Asad Sultan1, Nazir Ahmad Khan2, Naila Chand1 and Naseer Ahmad1
...l of 150 day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly distributed into fifteen replicate groups (n=10), and consequently reared on five experimental diets according to a completely randomized design. Feed intake was higher in D4 group in comparison with other groups (P < 0.05). Live body weight was higher in D4 group than D2, D3 and D5 groups (P < 0.05). FCR and dressing percentage were similar among the all groups (P > 0.05). Albumin was higher in...
Furukh Faiz1,2, Muhammad Issa Khan2, Masood Sadiq2 and Haq Nawaz3
...in each replication. The chicks were being provided with the standard conditions for light, water, vaccination and experimental feed for 42 days. The body weight gain, feed intake and the feed conversion ratio was observed weekly. After 42 day of the growth, the birds were slaughter with the Islamic Halal Method and the blood samples of the birds were preserved for antioxidant enzymes assay analysis. The data showed that as the citrus waste percentage in the f...
Naila Chand1,*, Shabana Naz2, Hamza Maris1, Rifat Ullhah Khan1, Sarzamin Khan1 and Muhammad Subhan Qureshi1
...d twenty day-old broiler chicks were divided into four different treatment groups such as Bet-0, Bet-1.0, Bet-1.5, Bet-2.0 having betaine supplementation at the rate of 0, 1, 1.5 and 2 g/kg feed, respectively. Significantly (P<0.05) higher weekly and total feed intake and weight gain were recorded in group Bet-2.0. Higher level of betaine supplementation significantly (P< 0.05) improved feed conversion ratio (FCR). Betaine supplementation significantly (...
Muhammad Abdullah1,*, Rashid A. khan2, Muhammad Rafay3, Tanveer Hussain3, Tahira Ruby4,Fariha Rehman5, Sangam Khalil3 and Sohail Akhtar6
...ing. The hatching of the chicks was observed to be an asynchronous one i.e., chicks did not hatch at the same time but at an interval of a day (20-25 h). Role of parents during weaning period i.e. feeding and parental care of nestlings was performed by both partners. It may be said that Cattle egret is an insectivorous bird and take food from the agricultural fields in surroundings of study sites. Therefore, an awaren...
Alaeldein M. Abudabos1,*, Abdullah H. Alyemni2, Elsayeid O. Swilam1 and Mu’ath Q. Al-Ghadi3
...lt;0.001, respectively), chicks which had received Elancoban had the highest BWG (327.9 g) and converted the feed to gain with highest efficiency (1.444 g: g). Challenged birds had longer small intestines and heavier liver as compared to unchallenged birds. Lesion score and oocysts secretion increased significantly in the challenged birds, however, Elancoban had no significant difference with the natural products. It was concluded from the present study that n...
Rabia Tahir1*, Khushi Muhammad1, Masood Rabbani1, Muti-u-Rehman Khan2, Farah Khan1, Hassan Bin Aslam1 and Arslan Mehboob3
...e collected from day-old-chicks derived from breeders at 14, 21 and 30 days of post-infection with AAV-4. The presence of AAV-4 DNA was detected through PCR. Chicks from virus-challenged breeders failed to show a clear and expected PCR positivity. The connotations derived from these findings are that vertical transmission via transovarian route is reported the field conditions. However, based on genetic detection such eviden...
Zia-ur-Rehaman1, Naila Chand1, Sarzamin Khan1 and Rifat Ullah Khan2,*
...strains. Day old broiler chicks (n=242) of four different commercial strains (Ross, Hubbard, Cobb and Arber Acer) were placed in brooding room in first two weeks and then chicks were divided into two groups: TN and HAT zones. Chicks in TN group were housed at constant room temperature, while chicks in HAT zone were kept at high ambient temperature. ...
Talat Bilal Yasoob and Nasir Ali Tauqir*
...e eighty day-old broiler chicks were distributed in 18 units having 10 chicks each according to completely randomized design. Feed consumption, weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly (P<0.05) improved in broilers fed all the experimental diets as compared to control during starter and finisher phases. A quadratic response was also observed on the performance of broilers during starter phase....
Xiaoting Zhang1,2, Jiaxiang Wang1,2,*, Peng Li1,2,* and Lixun Ye1,2
...tract of African ostrich chicks (Struthio camelus), little is known about its distribution in the lung of the African ostrich. To provide the morphological basis of ghrelin function in the African ostrich lung, the distribution and morphological characteristics of ghrelin-ip cells were investigated using immunohistochemistry. The results indicate that the lung of African ostrich was composed of interstitial tissue and parenchyma. The interstitial tissue...
Muhammad Iqbal Anjum*, Shahbaz Javaid and Mukhtar Ahmad Nadeem
...tudy 195 day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into three treatment groups with five replicates in each treatment group having 13 chicks per replicate per pen. Three iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric rations were prepared as: R-I served as control with 0.83% di-calcium phosphate (DCP); R-II contained 50% less DCP (0.41%) than R-I and R-III contained R-II plus phytase Quantum® Blue @ 100 g/ton feed. Daily feed intake...
Zia ur Rehman1, Naila Chand1, Rifat Ullah Khan2,*, Sarzamin Khan1 and Muhammad Subhan Qureshi3
...) group. Day-old broiler chicks (n=242) of four different commercial strains (Ross, Hubbard, Cobb and Arber Acer) were placed in brooding room for the first two weeks and then chicks were divided into two groups: TN and HAT. Chicks in TN group were housed at constant room temperature (25ºC ± 2ºC and RH 65 ±5%) while chicks in HAT ...
Muhammad Usman Saleem1, Saima Masood1,*, Hafsa Zaneb1, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Asim Aslam3, Kamran Ashraf4, Habib-ur-Rehman5, Muti-ur-Rehman3 and Muhammad Shabir Shaheen6
... biochemistry in Hubbard chicks. A total of 128 one day-old chicks were divided equally in four different groups with each group having 4 replicates. The number of birds per group were 32 whereas the number of birds per replicate were 8.The first group was kept as control (CONT) whereas, the second (MOSG) and third (OABG) groups were given MOS (2g / kg of feed) and OAB (3g / kg of feed), respectively. The fourth group (MOS+O...
Justyna Batkowska1,*, Lukasz Wlazlo2, Kamil Drabik1, Bozena Nowakowicz-Debek2, Karrar I.A. Al-Shammari3 and Magdalena Gryzinska1
...uality of Japanese quail chicks (Coturnix coturnix japonica) after applying red grapefruit juice (Citrus paradisi) for hatching eggs disinfection. 420 eggs were randomly divided into 3 groups (150 pcs each). 1st group was not disinfected (NC – negative control), the 2nd one was disinfected with formaldehyde and KMnO4 fumigation (PC - positive control). In 3rd group fresh juice of red grapefruit wa...
Asad Sultan1, Sahal Ahmad1, Sarzamin Khan1, Rifat Ullah Khan2,*, Naila Chand1, Muhammad Tahir3 and Shakoor Ahmad2
...dred and seventy broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 6 dietary groups: three dietary groups in thermoneutral temperature (TN) and three dietary groups under high temperature. One group of birds received a basal diet only (control group), second group of birds received a diet supplemented with silymarin at the level of 10g/kg and third group of birds received a diet supplemented with ZnO at the level of 60 mg/kg in both TN and HS birds. It was found that s...
Javid Iqbal, Asghar Ali Mian, Tanveer Ahmad*, Shamsul Hassan** and Sohail Hassan Khan*
COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT ECONOMIC TRAITS OF FOUR IMPORTED BROILER STRAINS UNDER LOCAL CONDITIONS OF PAKISTAN
.... A total of 360 day old chicks of four broiler strains (90 from each strain) were procured from the local hatcheries and designated as four treatments i.e., A (Hubbard), B (Arbor Acres), C (Ross 308) and D (Hybro PN). The chicks were raised under recommended rearing requirements for 7 weeks and the economic traits measured were body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), mortality, antibody titres, dressing perce...
Shagufta Andleeb*1, Shabana Shaukat1, Chaman Ara2
Shagufta Andleeb*1, Fariha Zahid1, Noor-ul-Ain1, Yousra Nisar1, Chaman Ara2
...ally toxic to developing chicks, especially the highest concentrations used in the study.
...
Nihal Ahmad Hadi, Shahid Ali* and Umer Wahid
...se the number of day old chicks according to the capacity of shed as well as feed to the broilers to accelerate production and efficiency. Moreover, government also needs to educate broiler farmers and provide trainings specific to rearing of broilers for efficient utilization of resources for enhancing productivity and efficiency. ...
Shahid Ali1* and Salamat Ali2
...o buy vaccinated day old chicks from standard hatcheries for fostering boiler productivity and net revenue. Moreover, use of high quality feed for highest possible output is a good option for open shed farmers.
...
...
Murad Khan1* and Muhammad Afzal2
...affected by mortality of chicks. All the variables were significant except age of the respondents. Proper vaccination and medication is required to decrease the high mortality rate so that the losses due to mortality can be minimized. ...
Asad Sultan1,*, Shahroom Khan1, Sarzamin Khan1, Naila Chand1, Muhammad Shuaib Khan2 and Hamza Maris3
Fazul Nabi1,2, Hui Zhang1, Muhammad Kashif Iqbal1 , Mujeeb ur Rehman1, Muhammad Shahzad3, Khalid Mehmood1,3 and Jiakui Li1,*
...undred and fifty broiler chicks were equally distributed into three groups: Control, Thiram (50 mg/kg/d) and SM (10 mg/kg/d) treated. Results showed that thiram caused lameness, decrease in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities in the serum along with decrease in level of antioxidant enzymes and significantly increase in the MDA contents in TD afflicted chickens compar...
Hazrat Nabi1, Irshad Hussain2, Muhammad Adil3, Amar Nasir3,*, Arbab Sikandar3, Saeed Khan1 and Nasrullah Khan3
...l of 118 day-old broiler chicks were used, of which 108 were randomly divided into 6 groups (A to F) on day 14th. Aflatoxins derived from Aspergillus parasiticus were mixed in the feed measuring 150 ppb and fed to various broiler groups. Mycotoxin binders were also added into the feed and offered to group E and F from 14th-42nd day of age. The impact of mycotoxin binders on antibody titer against New Castle disease virus...
Yan Li1, Kai Zhan1,*, Junying Li1, Wei Liu1, Ruiyu Ma1, Shengnan Liu1, Haijun Cui1 and Xin Zhang2
...nto four groups. Group 1 chicks served as intact control. Trimming of claw of group 2 chicks was performed by the method of partial amputation of the third toe (along the distal phalanx) at day of hatch; the first and third toes were declawed in the group 3, while the second and fourth ones were trimming in group 4. They were caged with the same batch of non-declawed hens. Compared with intact control, laying rate was signif...
Shoukat Ara1, Sheikh Adil2,*and Manzoor Ahmad Khan3
...0 key stone golden layer chicks which were randomly assigned into five groups having three replicates of 16 each. Birds in control (T1) group were fed the basal diet, where as other groups the groundnut cake was replaced with 5 (T2), 10 (T3), 15 (T4) and 20% (T5) Azolla. The results revealed that inclusion of Azolla showed a non-significant increase (p>0.05) on the body weight gain of grow...
Naila Chand1, Shamsullah1, Rafiullah1, Rifat Ullah Khan2, Muhammad Mobashar3, Shabana Naz4,*, Ebrahim Rowghani5 and Murad Ali Khan2
...l of 180 day-old broiler chicks were distributed into 3 treatments, designated as MOS-0, MOS-50 and MOS-100 having MOS at the rate of 0, 50 and 100 g/kg respectively. Each treatment was further replicated 3 times having 10 chicks per replicate. Treatment MOS-0 was kept as control and the birds in this treatment were fed on basal ration without alteration in feed contents while the other treatments MOS-50 and MOS-100 represen...
Tahira Batool1*, Nabila Roohi1, Athar Mahmud2
.... A total of 240 day-old chicks, 60 from each of the variety were taken randomly and sub-divided equally into three groups (A, B and C). They were offered three lysine regimens i.e., L1 constituting 1.3% lysine from 0-6th week (1-phased) to group A and L2 containing 1.4-1.2 % lysine where 1.4% lysine was offered from 0-3rd week and 1.2% lysine from 4-6th week (2-phased) to group B, while, L3 lysine regimen having 1.5%, 1.3%, 1....
Tariq Mahmood1,*, Ijaz Ahmad1, Faraz Akrim1, Abdul Hamid1, Muhammad Waseem1, Abid Hussain1 and Muhammad Sajid Nadeem2
...supply of insects to the chicks. The study concludes that the breeding season of Chukor partridge in Dir Lower starts from February and lasts up to July, with successful nesting, egg laying and hatching.
...
Ihsan Ali1#, Asim Aslam1*, Habib-ur-Rehman2, Beenish Zahid3, Ishtiaq Ahmed1
Effect of fish oil on growth performance and immune response in experimentally infected broiler chicken with avian influenza virus H9N2
...
broilers. A total of 80 chicks were divided in to 4 groups A, B, C & D. Group A and
B were challenged with AI virus (H9N2) on 21 day of age, group B and C were
treated with 3% FO while group A and D were treated with cooking oil. For isolation
of virus, 21 samples were collected, out of which 8 (40%) were positive for H9. The
virus titer was ranged from 1:64 to 1:512. The body weight gain of FO
supplemented broilers was ...
B were challenged with AI virus (H9N2) on 21 day of age, group B and C were
treated with 3% FO while group A and D were treated with cooking oil. For isolation
of virus, 21 samples were collected, out of which 8 (40%) were positive for H9. The
virus titer was ranged from 1:64 to 1:512. The body weight gain of FO
supplemented broilers was ...
Muhammad Shabir Shaheen1, Shahid Mehmood1, Athar Mahmud1, Jibran Hussain1, Ahmed Sultan Jatoi2, Muhammad Yaqoob3, Sohail Ahmad1 and Arshad Javid4,*
...ubbard classic). All the chicks having uniform body weight were randomly distributed into 36 replicates having 20 birds each according to completely randomized design and were fed the same quantity of feed. The birds were subjected to 4 heating systems during brooding (Floor Heating, Diesel, Gas and Electricity Bulb). Growth performances, blood glucose, cholesterol level and economic appraisal in term of running cost / Kg of live meat were recorded. The result...
Muhammad Tufail1, Naila Chand1, Rafiullah1, Shakoor Ahmad2, Rifat Ullah Khan2, Muhammad Mobashar3 and Shabana Naz4,*
...ut morphology of broiler chicks (Ross 308) during the finisher phase. A total of 180 of 22 days broiler chicks were distributed into 3 treatments with 3 replicates having 20 chicks per replicate. One group was kept as control and the birds in this treatment were fed on basal ration without alteration in feed contents while the other treatments MOS-50 and MOS-100 represented 50 and 100 g MO...
Muhamamd Naeem1 and Murad Khan2*
...st, the price of day old chicks, breeding cost, medication and vaccination cost. These costs were high in the winter season than the summer season. The mortality rates were also high in the winter season. The lighting cost was comparatively less in summer season. Broiler and breeding cost was also low. The consumption of breeding was less and the price of broiler was low in the summer season as compared to winter season but revenue and production were higher d...
Muqader Shah1,*, Hafsa Zaneb2, Saima Masood2, Rifat Ullah Khan1, Salahud Din1, Shakirullah3, Imad Khan2, Ambrina Tariq4 and Habib ur Rehman5
...l of 280 day-old broiler chicks were allotted to seven groups with five replicates till 42 days. The groups were designated as T1, thermoneutral zone; T2, heat stressed (HS); T3, HS + zinc (Zn) supplementation (30 mg/kg); T4, HS + Zn (60 mg/kg); T5, HS + probiotic; T6, HS + probiotic + Zn (30 mg/kg); T7, HS+ Zn (60 mg/kg) + probiotic. The results revealed that muscle pH, muscle fiber diameter (MFD) and muscle fiber cross sectional area (MFCSA) were significant...
Ragia S. Mohamed1, Rania F. El Naggar2, Mamdouh. M. Hamoud1, Mohamed M. Hamoud3, Abdulrhman M. Gamal1, Samah E. Laban1, Shimaa A.E. Nasr1, Manal M. Zaki1, ElShaimaa Ismael1, Osama K. Zahran1*
...ific pathogen free (SPF) chicks was contaminated with allantoic fluid of 8 log2 NDV and kept at room temperature then daily examination of poultry manure for the survival of NDV on the basis of virus isolation and haemagglutination assay (HA). Our results revealed that pH of the manure from time of its mixing with the NDV infected allantoic fluid till day 4 was 7, then pH values changed progressively and recorded 8.5 on day 12. After that, pH increased towards...
Fady Samir1, Rania F. El Naggar2, Mohamed M. Hamoud3, Manal M. Zaki1, Abdulrhman M. Gamal1, Samah E. Laban1, Shaimaa A. E. Nasr1, El Shaimaa Ismael1, Osama K. Zahran1*
...ific pathogen free (SPF) chicks was contaminated with allantoic fluid of NDV and kept at room temperature ranged from 20 to 25oc which is nearly the same as poultry farms on different coupon surfaces (metal, plastic and cooling pads). Daily examination of poultry manure for the persistence of NDV was conducted on the basis of virus isolation followed by haemagglutination assay (HA) which revealed that NDV survived in the manure up to 28 days. Likewise, monitor...
Hande Kucukonder1, Pinar Celebi Demirarslan1*, Sezai Alkan2 and Özgür Baris Bırgul3
...files of female and male chicks found not to be parallel using profile analysis, and the male chicks had a higher body weight than the females (P < 0.01) starting from 14-21st days until the end of experiment. For this reason, the prediction models were created separately and compared by MAPE (%) and accuracy rate (ρ) criteria in order to find out the most consistent growth model for female and male ...
Ramazan İlgün1*, Nilgün Kuru2, Ferhan Bölükbaş3 and Fatih Mehmet Gür4
... microscopy methods. Six chicks (6-7 weeks), six layer hens (9-13 weeks) and six studs guinea fowl were used to study and determine the histological features of the tongue of the guinea fowl. Histological structures were examined using a light microscope the tissues and papillae of the tongue were examined with a the scanning electron microscope, and photos of the general histologic structures were taken. The tongue was triangular shaped, and consisted of apex...
Irfan Shahzad Sheikh, Masroor Ahmad Bajwa, Nadeem Rashid, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa, Mohammad Masood Tariq*, Majed Rafeeq, Abdul Samad, Tauseef M Asmat and Asad Ullah
...three experiments (n=240 chicks in each), the immune modulators vitamin C (500 mg/l), vitamin E (200 mg/l), dietary nucleotides (100 mg/l) and DNA (100 mg/l) extracted from chicken liver were separately offered on days 1-21, 1-42 and 22-42 in experiments 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Under standard broiler management conditions, birds were divided into five treatment groups of 48 with four replicates. Commercial pre-starter feed, starter feed and finisher feed wer...
Xuhui Zhang1, Zhiyuan Sun2, Jinfeng Cai1, Guibin Wang1, Zunling Zhu1, Linguo Zhao3 and Fuliang Cao1,*
...Arbor Acres (AA) broiler chicks were randomly allocated into 5 dietary treatments including five variations: control group, fed with the basal diets; NF group, the addition of 3 g/kg NF products; FR1, FR2 and FR3 groups, addition of FR products 1 g/kg, 3 g/kg and 6 g/kg, respectively. There was no difference in body weight gain, feed intake and feed intake/gain ratio between treatments. Compared with the control group, the percentage of the abdominal fat, sarc...
Abdul Waheed*, Asim Faraz, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq
....1 cocks, 6.9±4.5 chicks, and 4.5±3.4 laying hens. Majority of them kept hen in khuda (a small need-based structure like small room for keeping birds). Most of them offer grains to the desi birds and majority was aware of poultry diseases, mainly keeping desi birds. Without having any special training, vaccinating the birds for Rani Khet (New Castle disease). Most of them hatched chicks of their own, bought hen...
Erum Bughio1, Ahmed Sultan Jatoi1*, Jibran Hussain2, Muhammad Hayat Jaspal3, Shahid Mehmood2, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq4, Reema Bughio5 and Athar Mahmud2
Comparative Study of Carcass Traits in Four Strains of Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) at 3 to 6 Weeks of Age
...ge. In total, 2160 quail chicks were studied with 108 experimental units of each 20 chicks were applied. Birds had free access to clean and fresh drinking water through automatic nipple drinkers all the times. There was a provision of ad-libitum broiler-quail ration feeding as per NRC standard. Data on live weight, dressing percentage, keel length, keel angle, length of shank, giblets and length of intestine were calculated....
Mohsin Ali Alias Mehran Khan Solangi1, Gulfam Ali Mughal1, Asad Ali Khaskheli1*, Turab Ali Korejo3, Nazeer Ahmed Rajput2, Qurban Ali Memon3 and Maqsood Ahmed Kumbhar4
Influence of Camellia sinensis on Broilers Performance
...performed on 192 broiler chicks at experimental poultry farm, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam. The birds were distributed into 4 groups A, B, C and D containing 48 chicks in each. Birds of group A were supplemented with 5g/L Camellia sinensis, group B with 10g/L, group C with 15g/L, while group D was control. The findings of the current study revealed higher feed intake (4480g/b), water intake (8960ml/b), live body wei...
Muhammad Tahir Khan1, Shahid Mehmood2*, Athar Mahmud2, Khalid Javed3 and Jibran Hussain2
...1200 newly hatched quail chicks (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were randomly allocated to five treatment groups. Each treatment group contained 40 birds and experiments were replicated six times using a completely randomized design (CRD). The experimental diets consisted of increasing levels of compost (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%), but were otherwise iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA under CRD. Performance parameters, inclu...
Mian Muhammad Arif* and Malik Muhammad Shafi
... cost of labour, day-old chicks, feed and flushing cost have a significant effect on the revenue of broiler poultry production while all other variables i.e. medicare, and miscellaneous cost turned out to be insignificant. The ANOVA results showed a statistically significant difference between the costs, revenue and profit of various sizes of broiler poultry farms at 5% level of significance. It is recommended that farmers should be provided loan facilities wi...
Majed Rafeeq1,*, Nadeem Rashid1, Muhammad Masood Tariq1, Irfan Shahzad Sheikh1, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa1, Muhammad Shafee1, Khalid Mehmood1, Rana Muhammad Bilal2 and Tauseef Asmat1
...bard one day old broiler chicks randomly divided into three groups of 40 chicks that were each further divided into four replicates of ten chicks. Extracts were introduced at 200 mg/Kg as feed supplement to two groups of broilers and the third group was kept as control (C) and offered a basal diet. The chicks were reared in floor pens bedded with saw dus...
Amir M. Walaa1 ; Ausama Yousif1; Walid H. Kilany2; Magdy El-Sayed1; Ahmed A. El-Sanousi1
...one-day-old broiler saso chicks were divided into 8 groups (35 birds each). Groups 2, 3, 4&5 were vaccinated at one-day-old with live hitchner + IB Primer. Then all groups at 7 days old were boosted with inactivated combined NDV+IBV vaccines with different adjuvants except for group 1 & 2. Group 1 was kept as unvaccinated control. At 28 days all groups were challenged with a dose of 105.5 EID50/bird of Variant 2 genotype (1494) IBV through oculo-nasal ...
Ola Youssef 1; EL-Deeb A.H.2 Nassif S.A.1 and Ahmed A. El-Sanousi 2.
...d doses injection in SPF chicks. The challenge test results
revealed 80% protection for A, B and C batches while D and E batches gave 90% protection. The
shedding of challenge virus was significantly low with mean of 2 logs 10 in the vaccinated group
compared with control group.
Conclusion: the developed evaluation protocol could depend mainly on q PCR for identity and
titration of H5 insert gene in a...
Maha M. Khedr1, Reem A. Suliman1, Marwa F. Mohamed1, Mounir D. El Safty1, Hussein A.
Hussein2
...nfluenza in early age in chicks.
Methods: Eight groups of one-day old commercial broiler chicks were kept in isolators along the whole
period of the study. Groups 1, 2 and 3 were vaccinated with the prepared vaccine; group 4, 5 and 6 were
vaccinated with one of the imported reassortant H5N1 containing 300 HAU at 1, 5 and 10 days of age;
respectively. Groups 7 and 8 were positiv...
Hussein A. Hussein, Maha Khedr, Reem A. Suliman, Marwa F. Mohamed, Mounir D. El
Safty
...y old commercial broiler chicks were divided in to 8 groups 1, 2 and 3 were
vaccinated with a prepared vaccine contain 500HAU of H5N1 reassortant antigen; while group 4, 5 and 6
were vaccinated with an imported reassortant vaccine with 500HAU antigen content of H5N1 at 1, 5 and 10
days of age; respectively. A group 7 was positive challenged control and group 8 negative challenged
groups. All chicken groups were m...
Hanaa A. Elsamadony1, Laila A. Tantawy1, Sabry E. Omar2 and Heba A. Abd Alah1
...ne marrow tissues of SPF chicks infected with
CAV.
Methods: In this study, 30 layer farms of age 40 to 100-days-old from different governorates
(Alexandria, Gharbia, Giza and Qalubia) were examined for CAV with real-time PCR and
histopathological examination. The positive samples were prepared and inoculated in SPF chicks' oneday-
old then at aged 10-days post-inocu...
Karim M. Selim1, Abdullah A. Selim1, abdelsattar Arafa1, Hussein A. Hussein2, Ahmed A. El-Sanousi2
...nge. Contact
chicks were added in both groups post challenge.
Results: indicated that both programs can protect birds from mortalities (up to 100 %). The
parameters used in this evaluation are the antibody immune response using hemagglutination
inhibition (HI) assay, protection post challenge, virus shedding and transmission in contact
non vaccinated chickens using qRT-PCR test.The genotype VII (GVII)...
Donglai Li1,Mei Han1,Huw Lloyd2, Linyu Jin1, Lei Zhang1, Jiangxia Yin1 and Dongmei Wan1*
...e cuckolded and 16.4% of chicks were sired by extra-pair males. We found no evidence that male and female varied tits reduced their feeding rates or relative feeding effort to EPP broods, or that they decreased provisioning for EPY in mixed broods. There was also no direct effect of EPP on the reproductive success of breeding adults and the body condition nestlings near fledging. The lack of reliable cues of EP copulations (EPC)s by social mates available for ...
Theophilus Miebi Gbigbi* and Rodney Akpoviri Isiorhovoja
...ows that cost of day old chicks, feed, drugs and vaccines, labour, shelter and equipment significantly influenced exotic chicken production. The resource use efficiency result infers that DOCs and drugs and vaccine were under-utilized while feeds, labour and housing and equipment were over-utilized by the farmers. The elasticity of production was 1.08. This is increasing returns to scale. This paper concludes that poultry farmers were inefficient in the applic...
Muhammad Zohaib1, Muhammad Sajjad Ansari1*, Bushra Allah Rakha2* and Ali Akhter2
... hatched, from which 28% chicks were predated and 6% fell out from the nest. The fledgling success was the highest in parks (65%) compared to orchards (25%) and agricultural fields (10%). It is concluded that bulbul preferred to construct nests on northern white cedar in parks. Moreover, breeding success was higher in parks compared to orchards and agricultural fields.
...
Rajesh Kumar Oad1, Nasir Rajput1, Imdad Hussain laghari1, Hidayatullah Soomro1, Muhammad Azhar Memon2, Abdul Sattar Baloch5, Qudratullah Kalwar3, Mashhood Ahmed1, Zubair Ahmed Soomro2 and Waseem Ali Vistro4*
...mance. Total 300 day old chicks were divided into six groups (50 broilers each) i.e. A, B, C, D, E and F, fed ration containing 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25 percent of synthetic lysine, respectively. Feed intake in broiler group A was higher (3572 g/b) (P<0.05). Live body weight was higher in group F (2.234 kg/b). Broiler carcass weight and dressing of group F (1.298 kg/bird and 60.83 kg/bird) was higher as compared to other groups. Feed conversion ratio...
Nasir Ali Tauqir1, Asim Faraz2*, Annamaria Passantino3, Muhammad Asif Shahzad1, Rana Muhammad Bilal4, Adeel Tahir1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq2 and Abdul Waheed2
...dient in day old broiler chicks. For this purpose, 42 days study was conducted using hubbard broiler chicks (n=200). The birds were divided into 5 groups containing 4 replicates having 10 chicks each. Birds were offered 5 iso-caloric and isonitrogenous broiler starter (metabolizable energy 2850 kcal/ kg; crude protein 20%) diet from day 1-21 and broiler finisher (metabolizabl...
Ahmed M. Elbaz*, Engy F. Zaki, Morsy A. S.
...ighty 1-day-old Ross 308 chicks were randomly divided into four experimental groups: Control (CON), 5% of quinoa seeds (QS5), 10% of quinoa seeds (QS10), and 15% of quinoa seeds (QS15) groups. Results indicated that increasing inclusion levels of QS improved body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and crude protein digestibility of broiler chickens. Including quinoa seeds significantly increased carcass dressing and decreased ( P < 0.05) abdominal fat cont...
Anguara Khatun1*, Sachchidananda Das Chowdhury1, Bibek Chandra Roy2, S.M. Shafikul Gani3, Bipul Chandra Ray1, Tanvir Ahmed1
...500 straight run broiler chicks were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments each of eight replications having 20 birds each. The basal diets were corn-soya broiler starter and broiler grower diets. Starter diet was fed up to 21 days and grower diet during 22-35 days. In treatment 1, chicks were fed a basal diet (Diet 1), in treatment 2, chicks received a basal diet plus a multi-str...
Shoaib Ahmed Pirzado1,2*, Wu Zhengke1, Adanan Purba1, Chen Jiang1, Huiyi Cai1, Chen Guilan1 and Guohua Liu1*
...otal of 240-day old male chicks were randomly assigned into comprising four treatments with six replicates (n=10), which included control (basal diet), control +0.25% AZO, control + 0.50% AZO and control + kitasamycin (as AGPs). The results indicate that LBGW, ADG and FCR was significantly (P<0.05) improved in AZO 0.25% and 0.50% than the control. Eviscerated (EV), breast muscle (BM) and leg muscle (LM) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the AZO 0.50%...
Muhammad Khubaib Hameed, Muhammad Aziz ur Rahman, Muhammad Ashraf, Safdar Hassan, Muhammad Riaz, Muhammad Qamar Bilal, Fawwad Ahmad, Muhammad Sharif*
...40 day old cobb-500 male chicks were purchased and were divided into 4 treatments in completely randomized design. Each treatment further subdivided into six replicates and each replicate contained 10 chicks. Four iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric starter (CP and ME as 22% and 2850 kcal/kg, respectively) and finisher (CP and ME as 20% and 2950 kcal/kg, respectively) diets (A, B, C and D) were formulated. Diet A contained argin...
Ho Le Quynh Chau, Than Thi Thanh Tra, Duong Thi Huong, Du Thanh Hang, Le Thi Thu Hang, Vo Thi Minh Tam, Dinh Van Dung*, Ho Trung Thong
...total of 480 one-day-old chicks (240 Ri hybrid and 240 Luong Phuong) of uniform body weight was divided into a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments with four replicate cages of 20 chicks per treatment. Two factors include 2 chicken groups (Ri hybrid-slow-growing strain and Luong Phuong-fast-growing strain) and three dietary SID methionine concentration (low, adequate, high). The methionine levels were set up by th...
Syed Haseeb Ahmed Shah, Irfan Shahzad Sheikh, Abdul Samad, Muhammad Kamran Taj, Mohammad Masood Tariq*, Majed Rafeeq, Sumaira Fazal, Niamatullah Kakar, Sabeera Afzal and Asadullah
... day old (n=432) broiler chicks were used in the experiment. Nine groups comprising of 48 chicks with 3 replicates of sixteen broiler chicks each were formed for the trial. Control group was kept on basal diet. AGPs (Oxytetracycline and Tylosin phosphate) were supplemented solely and in combinations with different concentration. Chicks were reared in flo...
Mirza Lena1,2, Dinda Fathia Syahramadani2, Alfi Nurrachma Gustya2, Arif Darmawan2,3, Sumiati2, Wiwin Winarsih4, Minoru Maeda5, Komang Gede Wiryawan2*
...ne-d-old Lohmann broiler chicks of 300 males and 300 females were used and reared for 35 days. Chicks were distributed into 6 groups (100 birds, 5 replicates of 20 birds) in a completely randomized design. The treatment diets were basal diet with 0.1% different supplementations: T1= CaCO3 (w/w) (control), T2 = L. lactis at 108 CFU/g, T3 = B. licheniformis spore at 108 CFU/g, T4 = combination of L. lactis at 108 CFU/g and B. ...
Mian Abdul Hafeez1*, Adeel Sattar2, Faiza Aslam3, Muhammad Imran3, Kamran Ashraf1, Rashid Zia2 and M. Muntazir Mehdi1
Sajjad Khan*, Naila Chand, Abdul Hafeez, Nazir Ahmad
...otal of 160 day-old Ross chicks were assigned to four groups, containing 0, 0.5,1 and 1.5% GA along with basal feed for 42 days. A completely randomized design (CRD) was followed during statistical analysis while difference in means was calculated through Tukey’s test. Results indicated that supplementation of GA at 1.5% significantly (P<0.05) improved feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), European Production Efficiency Factor (E...
El-Kholy KH1, Tag El-Din H1, Tawfeek FA2, Sara HM Hassab1*
...ized eggs, the counts of chicks produced, the percentages of un-hatched eggs and the hatchability to the total. It is concluded that dietary addition of laying hens with SALE, can at least in part alleviate heat stress-induced damage to reproductive physiology. SLAE in 7.5 ml/kg dose could be used as a safe natural antioxidant for improving reproductive status in heat-stressed hens.
Keywords | Phytogenic, Hyperthermia, Endocrine hormones, Productive tr...
Rafiqul Islam1, Nasrin Sultana1*, Md. Abu Hadi Noor Ali Khan2
...arts. Eighty one-day-old chicks (DOCs) were randomly categorized into four groups i.e., one control group and three trial groups (i.e., E1, E2, and E3). The control group was given commercial broiler feed and the trial groups were given commercial broiler feed containing DEX at the rate of 3, 5, and 7 mg/kg respectively for 28 days. On days 7, 14, 21, and 28 of the trial, blood and heart samples were collected. The serum cholesterol and triglycerides levels we...
Taiwo Oladoye Akande*, Dayo Johnson Ogunyemi, Priscilla Funmilola Okunlola, Emmanuel Owolabi, Odetayo Olakanmi
...250 day-old Cobb broiler chicks were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments with five replicates of 10 birds each in a completely randomized design. Five experimental diets at starting and finishing phases were formulated. Diet 1 was the control with no PFA, diets 2, 3, 4, 5 contained PFA (garlic, turmeric, moringa) at 20gkg-1 diet and blend of the three (at 1:1:1) respectively. Feed intake and body weight gained were determined on weekly basis. There w...
Jumshaid Iqbal1, Muhammad Sharif1*, Muhammad Nadeem Suleman2, Muhammad Saeed3, Fawwad Ahamd1, Asghar Ali kamboh4, Tugay Ayaşan5 and Muhammad Arslan3
...d twenty day-old broiler chicks were randomly distributed into four treatment groups with three replicates per treatment (10 chicks per replicate) under Completely Randomized Design. Four iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric diets i.e. A, B, C and D were supplemented with a natural growth promoter (NGP) at the rate of 0 (control), 1.5, 3 and 4.5g/kg of feed, respectively. Feed consumption (FC) and weight gain (WG) were recorded t...
Lopamudra Samantaray*, Yashaswi Nayak
...udy used 280; 70-day-old chicks. The birds were divided into seven experimental groups; one control and six were fed on phytobiotics EOs at rates of 1% and 0.5% and monitored for 8 weeks. The results revealed that the inclusion of 0.5% black pepper and 0.5% fennel combination, as well as a 1% turmeric, significantly (P < 0.05) improved body weights in birds. Black pepper and a combination of turmeric and fennel revealed slower growth compared to the other t...
Manatsanun Nopparatmaitree1*, Pornpan Saenphoom1, Sittichai Bunlue1, Silchai Washiraomornlert1, Warangkana Kitpipit2,3,4, Soranot Chotnipat1
... days old, Ross 308® chicks; were raised under ambient temperature and assigned to a completely randomized design with four treatments and four replications per treatment (n = 20). The treatment consisted of a control diet based on a corn-soybean basal diet and a control diet supplemented with 10, 30, and 50 g/kg TABP combined with 2 g/kg probiotics. This study shows that TABP combined with probiotic supplementation significantly affected the apparent dige...
Muhamad Khairul Riza, Valentinus Priyo Bintoro, Sri Kismiyati, Sugiharto Sugiharto*
...days old Lohmann broiler chicks were randomly allotted to CONT (birds stocked at a density of 9 birds/m2 and received control/basic feed), HSD (birds stocked at a density of 16 chicks/m2 and received control feed), HSDT (birds stocked at a density of 16 chicks/m2 and received feed supplemented with 1% turmeric powder) and HSDAT (birds stocked at a density of 16 chi...
Hany M.R. Elsherif1, Ahmed Orabi2, Hussein M.A. Hassan3, Ahmed Samy3*
...male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly divided into four groups, each with six replicates of 10 chicks. Group I fed diet consisted of a basic diet with no additives (control). Groups II, III, and IV fed diets consisted of a control diet supplemented with 1.5g sodium formate/Kg (SF), 1.5g sodium acetate/Kg (SA), and 1.5g sodium propionate/Kg (SP), respectively. When compared to the control, the addition of organic acid...
Luu Huynh Anh1, Huynh Tan Loc2, Nguyen Hong Xuan3, Le Minh Thanh1, Trinh Thi Hong Mo4, Ly Thi Thu Lan5, Nguyen Trong Ngu1*
...noculated in two-day-old chicks, and phages were administered 24 hours later. The mortality rate of chickens in the PC+MHH6PR2 group was significantly lower (16.7%) than in the PC group (58.3%). The frequency of lesions and E. coli densities in the heart, liver, and spleen of chickens treated with MHH6 and PR2 phages were greatly decreased in infected chickens. After 98 days, the body weight of birds from the E. coli-infected groups treated with MHH6 and PR2 p...
Ziaul Islam1*, Asad Sultan1, Sar Zamin Khan1 and Sher Bahader Khan2
... day-old healthy broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were procured from a local hatchery and were randomly allocated to five different dietary treatments. A basal diet formulated with corn-soybean meal (CON; without any additives) served as control diet and fed to birds in control group. Birds in other four groups were given same basal diet mixed either with zinc bacitracin (150 mg/kg diet; ZB-150); organic acids (200 mg/kg feed; OA-200); essential oil (150 mg/kg feed; ...
Rahmat Ullah Khan1*, Asif Sadam2, Karim Gabol1, Waheed Ali Panhwar3, Sajid Mahmood4, Mustafa Kamal5, Hamid Ullah6, Syed Abidullah7, Muhammad Tufail8, Bashir Ahmad4, Gul Bacha Khan4 and Habib Ul Hassan1
...d grains (2%). While the chicks were fed mostly by adults (72%), with larvae (23%) and grains of seed (5%). Significant differences were present in the growth of all traits, morphometry, diet, and food collection sites. However, no difference in feeding was noted. The main loss of nestlings was by mammalian predators and grazing and cutting of local crops. Awareness about the protection strategy of skylark from egg laying till fledging is required among locals...
Muhammad Furqan and Zulfiqar Ali
...od. Stealing of eggs and chicks capturing was recorded from many sites. As per respondents, local community is also concerned about the conservation of this species. Development of more protected areas for conservation, awareness education, implementation of wildlife laws, patrolling of officials in the breeding season, and long-term monitoring plan can help in the conservation of kalij pheasant....
Muhammad Kashif Iqbal1*, Khalid Mehmood2,4, Shakeel Ahmed3, Fazul Nabi4, Muhammad Arif Rizwan1, Muhammad Kaleem1, Mushtaq Ahmed1, Abdul Waheed1 and Jiakui Li5
...undred and fifty broiler chicks were equally divided into 3 groups: control; thiram fed; and FK228 treatment group. Expressions of VEGF and Flk-1 genes were analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) on day 10 and 14 post-hatch. Liver damage caused by thiram was analyzed through levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD; GSH-Px) and serum biomarkers and the protective effects of the medicine was assessed through these values. Results showe...
Ahmed A. Mohammed1, Madeha H. A. Darwish1, Eman A.A. Negm2, Ayman S. Abdel- Maguid3
...ction. Total 120 broiler chicks were divided into three groups of fourty birds each (C, L, & H) fed with diverse concentrations of Probiotics. After the first week of treatment, the two groups (L and H) displayed a probiotics effect that manifested as a significant increase in body weight (BW) than the control group. After 28 days of treatment, the effect of high levels of probiotics (group H) demonstrated a significant increase of group (H) and either gro...
Zannatul Ferdous1, Abdul Goffar Sarder2, Mustasim Famous3*, Mahfuza Ferdous4, Shahabuddin Ahmed5 and Md. Amir Hossain6
...b 500 commercial broiler chicks were randomly divided into five groups (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4) and each treatment contain 20 broilers to carry out the work. The average initial weight of the chicks in all experimental groups was about the same. Weekly observations were recorded for live body weight up to 35 days and blood parameters of birds at day 14th, 21th and 35th days. The result showed comparatively better live weight in ...
Sarzamin Khan1, Abdul Jabbar Tanweer2, Rafiullah1, Ibrahimullah1, Ghulam Abbas3*, Jabbar Khan4, Muhammad Saeed Imran5, Asghar Ali Kamboh6
...this, 120 Japanese quail chicks (day-old) were taken and randomly divided into 4 groups (G1, G2, G3 and G4) with three replicates and ten birds were assigned to each replicate. Group 1 was control (C) without adding mealworm scales in feed (basal diet). Group 2, 3 and 4 were fed ration with 1, 2 and 3 g/kg mealworm scales respectively incorporated in the basal feed. Feed intake, FCR (feed conversion ratio) and body weight gain were recorded on weekly...
Reem M. Ramadan1, Fady Sayed Youssef2, Gehad Genidy Mohamed3, Sameh Hamed Ismail4, M.M. El-Bahy1, Shimaa Abdel-Radi1*
...o inoculation of broiler chicks. The results demonstrated that the increase in the rate of sporulation inhibition is directly related to the increase in C-Oo.Nc concentrations and exposure time. Analyzing the DNA damage in the oocysts exposed to different concentrations using comet assay revealed a significant direct variation (p ≤ .05) between the increase in the dose and the degree of the DNA genotoxic damage as represented by variations in the tail lengt...
Midrar Ullah1, Nail Chand2, Abdul Kabir3, Muhammad Rasheed4, Hubdar Ali Kaleri5, Saqib Kakar5, Mubarak Ali4, Deepesh Kumar6, Asad Ali Shah1, Amir Shahb1, Muhammad Amir Khan1, Raza Ali Mangi7, Abdul Wahid Solangi5, Rameez Kaleri5,8*
... total 9 hundred broiler chicks were purchased from local market and randomly divided into two groups 1 control and 1 irradiated. These groups were further distributed in two more replications with 50 birds per replication using the random treatment design. The findings our study showed that there was no significant influence of feed intake was recorded with irradiation. The results for feed intake of total chick was observed 2652.33±59.45 and 2625.78&p...
Sekobane Daniel Kolobe, Tlou Grace Manyelo*, Jones Wilfred Ng’ambi, Munyadziwa Felicia Dorcus Nemauluma, Emmanuel Malematja
...ay-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were assigned to a 2 (sex) × 4 (dietary treatment levels) factorial arrangement in a CRD, having 8 treatments, replicated x4 with 10 chicks/replicate. AKLM inclusion levels were at 0, 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5g/kg dry matter (DM). Weekly feed intake (FI), live weight (LW), and growth rate (GR) were measured to obtain the feed conversion ratio (FCR). Gut characteristics were measured on days 21st a...
Ahmed H. Abed1, Ahmed Orabi2*, Wafaa Hassan3, , Enas Hammad4 , Ghada Gaber5
...ndred and twenty broiler chicks were separated into eight equal groups in an in vitro experiment (15 birds for each group). A negative control group was the first group. There were 3 groupings were given immune modulatory agents (lectins, probiotic, and essential oil) for five days without being challenged; Immune modulatory agents were given to the remaining three groups, who were also infected with E. coli O78, and one group act as an E. coli O78 challenged ...
Tlou Grace Manyelo1,2, Nthabiseng Amenda Sebola1, Jones Wilfred Ng’ambi2, Monnye Mabelebele1*
...old indigenous Boschveld chicks were randomly allocated to five treatments in a completely randomized design each with four replicates of ten chicks. Amaranth leaf meal (ALM) levels evaluated in this study were 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% with recording weekly body weights, feed intakes, and feed conversion ratios. Gut organ weights, lengths, pH, and meat characteristics were determined, and the general linear model was used to an...
Hemat A. Abdel Magied*, Heba H. Habib, Amany H. Waly, Ahmed Fadl, Sayed M. Shalash
...ively. The EXP2 observed chicks fed on low ME and low CP diet significantly decreased total body weight gain (BWG) with increased in total feed intake and FCR. Chicken treated by PEP had significant increased on final body weight, BWG and improved FCR for control and L10%-100. Chicks fed on PEP+L10%-100 and PEP+STD significantly gained the highest dressing followed by L10%-100. These results in general show positive effect o...
Sugiharto Sugiharto*, Ikania Agusetyaningsih, Endang Widiastuti, Hanny Indrat Wahyuni, Turrini Yudiarti, Tri Agus Sartono
.... A total of 490 broiler chicks were distributed into four groups, including CONT (chicks receiving basal feed and raised under normal density [10 chicks per m2]), HSD (chicks receiving basal feed and raised under high density [20 chicks per m2]), HSD-P (chicks receiving 0.5% germina...
Reda Hassan*, Bahaa Abou-shehema, Sherif Zayed, Micheal Gorgy, Shama Morsy, El-Sayed Abu El-Hassan, Mahmoud El-Gbaly, Hanaa Basuony, Ebtehal Hassan
...e. Eight hundred broiler chicks were arbitrarily assigned for 8 treatments of 5 replicates (each contained 20 chicks). On the other hand, chickens were offered the basal dietas Negative Control (NC, group 1); the other three groups 2, 3, and 4 were fed NC supplemented with 0.5% HSCAS, SC and HSCAS plus SC respectively, group 5 chicks were fed a basal diet contaminated with 1ppm AFB1 as Pos...
Andi Tenri Bau Astuti Mahmud1, Lellah Rahim2, Muhammad Ihsan Andi Dagong2*, Sri Rachma Aprilita Bugiwati2, Wempie Pakiding2
Farhana Binte Zalal, Prodip Kumar Sarkar*, Mahbuba Sultana, M H Kawsar, Swapon Kumar Fouzder
...nd incubates them to get chicks. The study was carried out to know the natural incubation and broody hen management practices in the selected areas of Barishal district, Bangladesh. We randomly selected 150 farmers (50 broody hens/Upazila) practicing natural incubation from three Upazilas in the Barishal district. The results show that mainly females (93.3%) were engaged in family poultry production and they used indigenous hens to incubate eggs. An average eg...
Soshe Ahmed1*, Mst. Ishrat Zerin Moni1, Maksuda Begum2, Md. Jafar Eqbal3, Md. Shahidul Islam4, Mst. Samira Tanjim1, Mst. Rokeya Sultana1
...day-old Ross-308 broiler chicks were randomly allotted into five treatment groups as T1, T2, T3, T4 & T5 (6 hrs, 12 hrs, 24 hrs, 48 hrs, and 60 hrs of post-hatch feed and water deprivation). Birds were allowed a two-phase feeding system, such as starter and finisher, where appropriate. Performance parameters include feed intake (g/birds), body weight gain, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and viability% for growth periods (1 d to 7 d, 1 d to 14 d...
Ayesha Bakhtiar1, Sardar Azhar Mehmood2, Abdul Rauf Bhatti3*, Shabir Ahmad2, Naqash Khalid2, Javed Iqbal5, Azra Nadeem4 and Waqas Ahmad1
...ers. 75 days old broiler chicks overall were divided into five equal groups and given the following labels: A, B, C, D, and E. Each group was then split up into pens with a maximum of five birds in each pen. On days 14 and 21, the birds in groups B, C, D, and E received active immunisation against ND using Lasota-1, Lasota-2, Mukteswar-1, and Mukteswar-2, respectively, leaving A as the control group left uninfected. On days 21 and 35 of the study, the serum HI...
Sri Setyaningrum*, Dini Julia Sari Siregar, Tengku Gilang Pradana
... 144 one-day-old broiler chicks (44.33±1.09 g). The research was conducted with a completely randomized design. The treatments included of T0: diet + 0% CGLp (control), T1: diet + CGLp 1.0%, T2: diet + CGLp 1.5%, T3: diet + CGLp 2.0%, T4: diet + CGLp 2.5% and T5: diet + CGLp 3.0%. The treatment of CGLp was significantly increased (p <0.05) of body weight gain, live body weight, carcass percentage, meat protein content and lactic acid bacteria. The tr...
Farid S. Nassar1,2, Abdulaziz M. Alsahlawi3, Mohammad A. Al-Mahaish4, Ahmed O. Abbas1,2*, Abdulaziz A. Alaqil1, Nancy N. Kamel5
...rade; commercial broiler chicks aged 1 day and weighing 46±1.5 g. Starting from the 22nd to the 42nd d of age, the chicks were randomly distributed according to the dietary inclusion levels of MWM into six treatment groups (6 replicate pens per group × 10 chicks per replicate, considering the equal ratio of males to females in each replicate). The first group of birds was fed ...
SAFDAR ALI KHAN1, FARHEEN ANSARI1, SANWAL ASLAM2*, AMJAD HUSSAIN3, MUREED HUSSAIN1, MAJID MAHMOOD4, ALI MUHAMMAD4, RAHMAT ALI1 , ASAD ASLAM3 AND FATIMA ALI1
...ed by adults (67.9%) and chicks (27.8%). This could be attributed to the existing maternal immunity in the chicks and the longer exposure of the older chicken to both helminthes and ova from the surroundings. Female desi chicken (65.5%) was more infected as compared to male desi chicken (58.8%).
Ahmed Ali Chandio1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1*, Nazar Ali Korejo2, Riaz Ahmed Leghari3 and Muhammad Ali Chandio4
...roilers. Day old broiler chicks (n=125) were purchased from local hatchery and equally divided into the five groups, i.e., C (control) that offered basal diet, while, T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups were supplemented 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2% P. pinnata leaf powder (PPLP) in basal diet respectively. The experimental groups were observed for the performance parameters, antibody titer against Newcastle disease virus (NDV), relative weight of lymphoid organs (bursa, spleen and...
Saad Zaghlou El-Damrawy1, Reda Ali Hassan2*, Ahmed Maher Bakhaty1, Adel M. Nasr2, El-Sayed A. Abu El-Hassan2
...cal responses of broiler chicks. Six nutritional treatment groups with equal numbers of birds each were created. In a randomized complete block design experiment, each group contained 100 birds in five repetitions and was assigned to one of the six feeding regimens. Experimental groups included: (1) Negative control (NC) with the basal diet, (2) NC + 600 mg/kg diet of silymarin, (3) NC + 400 mg/kg diet of choline, (4) Positive control (PC) containing 1 mg AFB1...
Muhammad Arshad Iqbal*, Aamir Ghafoor, Irfan Ahmad, Muhammad Ijaz
...se systemic infection in chicks and laying hens with prolonged faecal shedding. C. perfringens cause necrotic enteritis (NE) which instigated extreme economic losses and usually occur in broiler chicken. Use of AGP in Poultry feed has several negative implications involving public health concerns and trade restrictions. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens has been investigated as potential probiotic. The study involves the evaluation of competitive exclusion ability of...
Keatisak Soisuwan1, Hatairat Plaimast2, Atichat Thongnum3, Soranot Chotnipat4, Manatsanun Nopparatmaitree4*
...oss 308® one-day-old chicks were divided into two treatments, each with 10 replicates and 50 chicks (25 females and 25 males) per experimental unit. Dietary treatment consisted of commercial broilers diets (corn-soybean based diet) supplemented with 0 or 100 g/ton of natural multi-enzymes feed supplementation (top-up feeding). Birds were provided ad libitum access to water and experimental diets. The results showed that ...
Md Tariqul Islam1,5 *, Aditya Chowdhury Avi1,5, Md Saiful Bari2,5, Most Rebeka Sultana Swapna Khandoker3, Homaira Pervin Heema4, Goutam Buddha Das1
...Ross-308 unsexed day-old chicks (DOC) of broiler chicken. Birds were selected by random selection to assign them to each of four feed trial groups: T0, T1, T2, and T3, and each of those received 0, 20, 30, and 40% PM supplementation. The result showed that no significant variations were observed in survival rate, feed conversion ratio, or carcass yield within the broiler trial groups even fed potatoes 40% replacing maize according to the findings. In diets tha...
Nguyen Thi Anh Thu1*, Ly Thi Thu Lan1, Nguyen Thuy Linh1, Chau Cong Dang1, Nguyen Hoang Phuc1, Tran Dinh Tuan1, Nguyen Trong Ngu2
...ens. Totally, 320 native chicks were divided into two experiments using a completely randomized design consisting of 4 treatments and 4 replicates of 10 chicks per experiment. In both experiments, BC was used at a dose of 109 PFU/mL, and SE was used at 108,2 CFU/mL. In the protective experiment, 1-day-old chicks were arranged in CD) control diet; BC+S) CD + 1 mL BC (gavaged at days 1, 2, 3...
Fuji Astuty Auza1*, Sri Purwanti2, Jasmal A. Syamsu2, Asmuddin Natsir2, Rusli Badaruddin1, Deki Zulkarnain1, La Ode Muh. Munadi1
...total of 140 one-day-old chicks (DOC) were randomly assigned to one of five treatments in a completely randomized design, with four replicates per treatment. The treatments included P0 = 0% BSF larvae flour, P1 = 25% (3.74% BSF larvae flour), P2 = 50% (7.51% BSF larvae flour), P3 = 75% (11.26% BSF larvae flour), P4 = 100% (15% BSF larvae flour). The results showed that replacing fish flour with BSF larvae flour as a protein source in the brood diet of village ...
Yoshio Hamano1*, Yasuji Kurimoto2
...ates. At 14 days of age, chicks were allocated into four groups and fed diets supplemented with LIP (100 mg/kg) or AWP (20 g/kg) for 26 days as a 2 x 2 factorial design. At 40 days of age, breast muscles as antemortem tissue were harvested from 8 birds under fed conditions. After the remaining birds received feed withdrawal, breast muscle was obtained and stored at 2°C for 3 days. LIP reduced body weight gains when the chickens were concomitantly fed AWP. ...
Muhammad Shoaib1, Muhammad Mahboob Ali Hamid1, Shafaq Amir2, Shaukat Ali Bhatti1*, Hafiz Hassan Iqbal1, Najam-us-Sahar1 and Mubsher Hussain1,3
...starter phase in broiler chicks. However, birds of NC1L group had higher European production efficiency factor (EPEF) than other treatments. Weight gain, PER, EER and EPEF were higher (P < 0.05) in birds of NC1LB group and lower (P < 0.05) in birds of NC2 and NC2L group. However, FCR was better (P < 0.05) in birds of NC1LB and NC2 (2LB) group and birds of NC2 group had poor (P < 0.05) FCR. Villus height of ilium and villus surface area was higher (...
Murat Durmus* and Hasan Rüstü Kutlu
...vestigate the effects of chicks quality and pre-starter feeding during the first five days of the feeding period on performance and carcass characteristics. After hatching, experimental chicks were divided into sex by employing 2 by 2 factorial design chick quality (low and high) and two feeding regimes as the main effects in each sex. Thus, four treatment groups (low quality on starter feed, low quality on pre-starter+start...
Bayanda Mdoda*, Faith Machabi, Busisani Wiseman Lembede, Eliton Chivandi
...day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks (10 chicks per replicate with 3 replicates per diet) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments where zingerone replaced zinc bacitracin (ZnBcn) at 0 mg/kg (control: 500 mg/kg of zinc bacitracin), 40 mg/kg; 80 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg in the starter, grower and finisher diets. The broiler chicks were fed ad libitum for 6 weeks: starter (days 1-14), grower ...
Shafqat Ullah1, Asad Ullah2*, Imad Khan2, Rafiq Ullah1, Raheela Taj3, Fatima Syed3, Shumaila Gul4, Faiza Khan5, Ibad Ullah Jan6, Muneeb Islam7 and Sumaira8
...odium selenite). Day old chicks were kept in a control environment. At day 7, five groups were made with four replicas in each group based on the diet being offered. Group A, the positive control group fed with normal basal diet group B was termed as negative control group offered basal diet + dexamethasone and group C, D and E was offered 0.2mg/kg, 0.3mg/kg, and 0.4mg/kg of basal diet, respectively. The trial lasted for 35-days and on the last day two chicken...
Raed Hussein Salih Rabee1, Yahya Sabah Abdulameer1, Walla Farhan Obed1, Noor R Abady1, Adnan Mansour Jasim1*, Firas Hussein Albawi1, Mohammed Jasim Jawad2, Ahmed Samir Abukhomra3
...l of one hundred chicken chicks were reared, and on the tenth day of the experiment, they were divided into five equal groups:NCG: This group represented the control and was given normal drinking water. T1: The chickens in this group were orally inoculated with E. coli at a dose of 0.5 ml containing 6x108 CFU/ml of E. coli. T2: The chickens in this group were orally inoculated with E. coli at a dose of 0.5 ml containing 6x108 CFU/ml of E. coli and were treated...
Afshan1, Asad Ullah2*, Imad Khan2, Rafiq Ullah1, Tahira Tayyab1, Fatima Syed3, Raheela Taj3, Shumaila Gul4, Faiza Khan5, Ibad Ullah Jan6, Syed Weqas Ali7 and Assad Ullah8
...duce stress. Day old 100 chicks were purchased from trading hatchery and divided randomly into five different groups having four replicates (n=5) in each group. Broiler chickens feed with starter and finishing commercial corn based basal diet with different concentration of selenium powder. Basal diet (BD) was fed to Group A, which kept as negative control group and no dexamethasone (DE) was offered. Group B was considered as (+ve control group) fed with (BD+1...
Waheed Ahmad1, Muhammad Tayyab1*, Bushra Muneer2*, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Mansurud Din Ahmad3, Shagufta Saeed1, Muhammad Nauman Aftab2, Sehrish Firyal1, Muhammad Wasim1, Muhammad Azam4, Muhammad Talha5 and Ali Raza Awan1
...ing, 150 day-old broiler chicks were divided randomly into 5 groups having 30 chicks each. Group A served as negative control, group B, C and D as experimental groups which were supplemented in the basal diet with 2500, 5000 and 7500 IU/kg of locally characterized thermostable protease while group E was supplemented with the commercially available neutral protease (5000 IU/kg) that served as a positive control. The trial las...
Turrini Yudiarti*, Sugiharto Sugiharto, Endang Widiastuti, Hanny Indrat Wahyuni, Tri Agus Sartono, Maulana Hamonangan Nasution
...fty un-sexed one-day-old chicks (DOC) were reared in an open cage. With three treatments, the study used a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of a dose of the fungus Monascus purpureus as a feed additive (FA). These included T0 (basal diet/control); T1 (basal diet supplemented with 0.5% FA); and T2 (basal diet supplemented with 1% FA). Each treatment was repeated five times with a total of ten chiks each pen. Feed additive was provided to <...
Maria Endo Mahata1*, Yose Rizal1, Zurmiati1, Sepri Reski1, Indah Fitri Sakinah Limbong2, Dian Saputri2
.... A total of 100-day-old chicks were used in the experiment and reared under standard conditions. The results showed that inclusion of brown seaweed Sargassum crassifolium up to 18% in broiler diet did not affect (p>0.05) daily feed intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, live weight, carcass percentage with skin and without skin; however, it significantly (p<0.05) reduced the abdominal fat pad percentage of broiler. In conclusion, the inclusio...
Madbouly*, H.M.; Saif**, M.A. and Hussein* , A.S.
... 300 one day old Hubbard chicks were divided into 6 groups (GI-G6: 50 chicks/each) The Gl(control neither vaccinated nor treated), G2 vaccinated with NDV, G3 (vaccinated with MDV Rispen strain), G4 (vaccinated with MDV and NDV) , Group 5 vaccinated with MDV vaccine and treated with Curcuma Longa , and G 6 vaccinated with MDV, NDV and treated with Curcuma Longa . Chicks vaccinated with NDV ...
Madboulyl , H. M.; Tamami , S.M.; Abd Elmoneml , A.S.; Husseinl , A.S. and Arafa2, A.M.
...se was recorded in young chicks and turkey poults showed typical symptoms and APV was isolated regardless the presence of high level of maternal derived antibody in their sera. This denotes the protection against APV independent on the presence of high levels of maternal antibodies....
Abd El-Razakl, A.G. and AboElkhair2, M.
...te, at the hatchery into chicks of farm A at age of I day. On farm B, the attenuated intermediate plus live IBD vaccine was given via drinking water at the age of day. The vaccine uptake was monitored via serology, bursal indices and effect of the two vaccines on immune response to Newcastle disease and avian influenza vaccines. It was also verified by an experimental very virulent IBD challenge performed at the age of 2e day in birds transferred from the farm...
*Hanan M.M. Elzahed, Abd EL-Moneim A.A, *Afaf A. Khedr, *Elham A. Elabiare, Waleed S. Abd El-Latif, Reda M.I.
...dies to (CAV) in progeny chicks were assayed by ELISA. Vaccinated dams showed a high level of antibody -to (CAV) followed by moderate level for up to 50 weeks of age. In addition progeny chicks showed a detectable level Of maternally-derived antibody. New castle Disease Virus (NDV) antibodies were monitored in adult hens during the first 22 weeks of their age using Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) technique. Dams showed suf...
Farid S. Nassar1,2, Osama A. El-Sayed3, Saidi Ouassaf4, Ahmed O. Abbas1,2*
...eplicate pens × 10 chicks each) in which the birds were fed on a finisher-based diet supplemented with 0, 10, 20, and 30 g/kg FS powder (FS0, FS10, FS20, and FS30 groups, respectively). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with a polynomial contrasts test to explore the linear and quadratic trends of the FS increasing levels in broiler diets. The overall amount of feed consumed was unaffected by the FS diets. Still, increasing dietary FS levels en...
Sajjad Khan*, Naila Chand, Abdul Hafeez and Nazir Ahmad
...s. Day-old 200 Ross male chicks were allotted to five groups each subdivided in four replicates with ten birds per replicate. Similarly, five different types of feed i.e., diet A as control while B, C, D and E having 1.5% GA, 30mg/kg BS, 1.5% GA+30mg BS and 0.75% GA+15mg/Kg BS respectively, were offered during 42 days of experimental trial. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS following CRD design and data was expressed as means along with SEM after perf...
Raza Ali Mangi1,2, Ali Raza Jahejo1,2, Afrasyab Khan1,2, Meng-li Qiao1,2, Muhammad Farhan Qadir1,2, Mazhar Hussain Mangi3, Shi-xiong Yang1,2, Xin-yu Han1,2, Sheng Niu1,2, Ding Zhang1,2, Ying Wang1,2 and Wen-xia Tian1,2*
... The results showed that chicks treated with thiram showed a higher TD score with typical lesions in the proximal growth plate than the rGSTA3 supplementary group. A morphological characteristic of TD was measured by TD index. Chicken erythrocytes constitutively expressed transcripts for HDR and PRRs genes. Moreover, the quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) results showed that HDRs and PPRs expressions were suppressed by thiram, which found upregulated in rGST...
Irfan Ullah1, Asad Ullah2*, Tahira Tayyeb1, Rafiq Ullah1, Muhammad Hanif1, Faiza Khan3, Imad Khan2, Raheela Taj4, Fatima Syed4, Shumaila Gul5, Muhammad Sadeeq6, Muneeb Islam7, Arsalan Khan8 and Khudija Ghani9
...old, two hundred (n=200) chicks were bought from commercial hatchery and randomly divided into five groups with eight replicas(n=5) in each group. Broiler chickens were fed with starter and finishing commercial corn based basal diet (BD) with different doses of inorganic Selenium (Se) powder. Group-A was kept negative control provided with BD twice a day. Group-B was positive control group fed with 15mg DEX/kg twice/day. The Group-C was fed with BD+0.2mgSe+15m...
Wahid Hussein El-Dabae*, Eman Shafeek Ibrahim, Eslam Gaber Sadek, Mai Mohamed Kandil
...used to vaccinate 20 SPF chicks and its protective efficacy was checked. Intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) of the attenuated strain was 0.2, the mean death time (MDT) was 120 hours and infectvity titer was 7 log10 EID50/ml compared to 1.97 ICPI, 36 hours MDT, and 9.5 log10 EID50/ml of the original strain. The attenuated AOAV-1 was protective in vaccinated chicks by means of HI antibody response and protection from het...
Rahib Ali Chachar1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1* and Manatbai Bakhetgul2
...x day-old Japanese quail chicks were distributed into the four groups. The T0 offered only a basal diet, while T1, T2 and T3 were supplemented with moringa (5%), neem (1%) and moringa (5%) + neem (1%) leaf powder respectively in the basal diet. Results showed that live body weight and carcass weight were better (p<0.05) in T3 than in control and other supplemented groups. The relative weight of the spleen was found higher (p<0.05) in T2 and T3 groups as ...
Hashim Hadi Al-Jebory1*, Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi2, Majeed Ajafar1, Nihad Abdul-Lateef Ali1
...ld, 400 Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly allocated into five random groups, with each group being quadruplicated and 20 birds allocated to each replication. Melatonin was supplemented in the G1 control group. G2 received 10 mg of melatonin per kg of diet, G3 received 20 mg of melatonin per kg of diet, G4 received 10 mg of melatonin per liter, and G5 received 20 mg of melatonin per liter, respectively. All groups’ chicks
ZUBIA RASHID1, ZULFIQAR ALI MIRANI2, SITWAT ZEHRA1, SYED MUDDASSAR HUSSAIN GILANI3, ARIF ALI CHISHTI1, ABID AZHAR1 & SADDIA GALANI1*
...ne-hundred-fifty-day-old chicks were randomly divided into three treatment groups with five replicates/group as (i) Control diets (CON); (ii) Control diets + 0.01% w/v enramycin (antibiotic growth promoter, AB); (iii) Control diets + 3% w/v blend of garlic, peppermint, cinnamon, black cumin, and green tea (phytogenic feed additives, PFA). Non-significant differences for body weight gain and feed intake (p>0.05) were found between AB and PFA groups. Quantita...
Safdar Hassan1, Shaukat Ali Bhatti1, Fawwad Ahmad1, Asad Ullah Hyder1, Muhammad Arslan2, Ashar Mehfooz3, Ijaz Saleem3, Muhammad Umar Yaqoob4,5, Mushrraf Nazir1, Muhammad Sharif1*
...hundreds day-old broiler chicks were used for this study. Each diet was fed to a group of 50 broilers (Hubbard, BW 40±3 g, mixed male and female) divided into 5 replicates from day 1 to 35 for their life, raised under the temperature of 34 ± 1.3 °C. Results revealed that FCR was reduced (P=0.006) in Zn-50 than in Zn-70, but it was similar to other groups during the starter phase. The highest feed intake (P=0.007) and body weight gain (P=0.01...
Muhammad Atif Raza1, Muhammad Tariq Javed2, Muhammad Fiaz1*, Muhammad Shakeel3, Muhammad Shahbaz Ul Haq2, Amna Kanwal2, Syeda Maryam Hussain1 and Muhammad Zubair Siddiqi4
...file parameters. Broiler chicks (Age = 1 d and n = 90) were kept under uniform management conditions. Chicks were divided randomly into six groups on day ten of their age with 15 replicates in each; control negative (CN), control positive (CP) and four treatments (T1, T2, T3 and T4). Wheras challenge infection of Salmonella gallinarum was given on nineteen days of age to all experimental birds except of those in CN group. On...
Fahad Shahzad1, Muhammad Tahir1, Abdul Hafeez2, Muhammad Shuaib2*, Muhammad Shahkar Uzair2, Abdul Jabbar3, Abubakar Sufyan4, Muhammad Aamir Khan5, Muhammad Ayaz5, Hameed Ullah5 and Hammad Ullah5
...t utilization in broiler chicks. Different levels of proteins with and without subtilisin protease enzyme were evaluated on the overall performance, carcass yield, and nutrient utilization. For this purpose, 3 proteins and 2 protease levels were arranged in a 3x2 factorial design and each group was divided into 4 replicates of 10 chicks each. All parameters were calculated significantly different. The interaction effect of (...
Minh Thi Le Bui1, Thanh Minh Le2, Thuan Khanh Nguyen1*
...al chickens. One-day-old chicks (n=400) were allocated to a completely randomized design with four replicates of five treatments. Chickens in treatment T1 were not supplemented with any powder in the basal diet. Chickens in treatment T2 were supplemented with chlortetracycline with 10 mg/kg feed. Chickens in treatment T3, T4, and T5 were supplemented with A. fistulosum L. powder with 5 g/kg, 10 g/kg, and 15 g/kg feed, respectively. The experiment lasted 14 wee...
