Reviewed by David Svolba, Fitchburg State University, USA email: dsvolba@fitchburgstate.edu
Science, Religion and Culture
... Brian Leiter, religious tolerance, in this sense, is prima facie morally justified.1 It is prima facie morally justified because religion is a source of claims of conscience, and liberty of conscience is supported on both broadly Kantian and utilitarian grounds. People will likely be happier in a society that allows them a “private space” in which “they can freely choose what to believe and how to live,” and affording each other this s...
Muhammad Mudassar Maqbool1, Anser Ali1, 2 *, Tanveer ul Haq1, Muhammad Nasir Majeed1, Dong Jin Lee2
...mparatively more drought tolerance with less decrease in growth rate (18.70%); total dry matter (26.94%), 100-grain weight (23.45%) and grain yield (21.50%) as compared with all other treatments. It was concluded that water stress induced at grain filling stage showed a significant impact on wheat growth as compared with other growth stage stresses. Regarding genotypes, Faisal-2008 was least affected by water stress than other varieties.
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Muhammad Shah Zaman1, Ghulam Muhammad Ali2, Aish Muhammad1, Khalid Farooq2, Iqbal Hussain1*
...as investigated for salt tolerance at 0.0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 mM NaCl supplemented with MS medium. Kroda emerged as the most salt tolerant variety with the highest plant height (6.5 cm), number of nodes (8.8), fresh shoot weight plant-1 (0.166 g), number of roots (4.6) and root length (2.5 cm) at 60 mM NaCl followed by Sh-5. Desiree and Cardinal were moderately tolerant varieties to NaCl stress. The most sensitive variety Asterix produced minimum plant h...
Luke Galen
... the domains of outgroup tolerance and moral universalism....
Atul Sharma, Aruna Chandra Singh, Gautam Bacher, Sunil Bhand
...prainfection” with tolerance to antibiotics has attracted the significant attention, mainly due to the consequences of multi drug resistance and potential threat to human health and the environment. With the increasing incidences of antimicrobial contamination, especially in food, dairy products, agriculture and environment, their regular monitoring is on prime interest. Aptamers are synthetic short sequences of single stranded (ss) oligonucleotides (ss-...
Zamarud Shah, Safdar Hussain Shah, Asad Jan and Gul Shad Ali
...sitively regulates thermotolerance in tobacco plants and can be used as target gene for engineering thermotolerance in crops. ...
Sidra Ilyas1, Abdul Rehman1* and Qasim Ilyas2
...strial wastewater showed tolerance to Pb (upto 35 mM), As (upto 29 mM), Cu (upto 23 mM), Cd (upto 11 mM) and Cr (upto 8 mM). Exposure to heavy metals at 0.1 mM for 2 days showed a remarkable increase in glutathione (GSH) level after As and Pb treatment in contrast to Cd, Cr and Cu exposure. GSH: GSSG ratio declined after As, Pb and Cr treatment, whereas non-protein thiol levels were higher after Cd and As treatment followed by those of Pb, Cr and Cu treatment....
Zafrullah Khan1, Shah Alam Khan1*, Hamayoon Khan2, Naeem Khan3, Khwaja Junaid1 and Inamullah Khan1
...ixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance. These tested genotypes were (Pir Sabaq-2004, Atta-Habib, Saleem-2000, Serin-2010, Khyber-87, Sarhad-82, and Khushal-69) in three separate experiments. Antibiosis resistance was identified to R. padi in wheat cultivar (Serin-2010), where a minimum number of R. padi progeny were produced in 11.4 days. Wheat cultivar (Atta Habib) was found significantly susceptible to R. padi as it produced higher nu...
Tanzeela Riaz1, Farah Rauf Shakoori2* and Syed Shahid Ali3
...erases in development of tolerance/resistance in phosphine-tolerant populations. The level of total esterases, carboxyl esterases, choline esterases, acetylcholine esterases and aryl esterases were determined in 4th & 6th instar larvae and adult beetles of phosphine-tolerant populations (previously exposed to phosphine for 15 years) of wheat grain pest, Trogoderma granarium collected from various storage facilities of Punjab, P...
Bijan Kumar Das
Incidence of Aleurocanthus spp. (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera) on betelvine (Piper betle L.) and their interaction with host plants
...ailable on the source of tolerance, if any, against betelvine blackfly. The reaction of some betelvine cultivars to A. rugosa was evaluated in the boroja with different varietal collections from different parts of India. None of the entries under the purview was completely free from infestation. A few cultivars [CARI- 2 (AN), CARI-6(AN) and Bilhari] exhibited moderate resistant reaction against A. rugosa. Awani Pan (Piper hamiltonii) exhibited resistance again...
Baohua Chen1,2, Wenzhu Peng3, Jian Xu2, Jingyan Feng1,2, Chuanju Dong1,2 and Peng Xu2,3,*
...ion and oxidative stress tolerance. Comparing with that in mammals, investigation of GSTs is more complicated in teleosts because of the greater pressure they suffer in aquatic environment. In this study, we identified a set of 27 GSTs including 8 classes of members in common carp genome. Both sequences alignment and phylogenetic analysis exhibited that genes derived from the same GST class from different species share more similarity than genes of different c...
Adnan Yousaf1,Jia Wu1, Qaiser Shakeel2, Yasir Iftikhar3, Muhammad Irfan Ullah4, Uzma Tahira5,Mustansar Mubeen1 and Wubei Dong1,*
...olfsii. The moderate tolerance was found in C-302 followed by 5-2010 and 28-2010. The most susceptible cultivar (C-33) was selected for further evaluation of management sources. All three management sources were applied individually as well as in combination. After six weeks, all treatments showed better results but there was no significantly difference in set of plants treated with combination of all three (Derosal + Cadusafos + T. harzianum) and <...
Qudsia Khalid, Safdar Hussain Shah*, Faiza Zaeem and Saad Hussain Shah
...cantly higher indices of tolerance than unadapted line at 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM NaCl stress. Adaptation resulted in enhanced accumulation of saturated fatty acids (myristic and stearic acids), while unsaturated fatty acids exhibited variable profiles with enhanced oleic acid and significantly reduced linoleic acid. The regeneration capability of adapted line decreased 10 times (20% to 2%), while that of unadapted line kept on increasing (26% to 38%) at each...
Nargis Bano and Khalid Mahmood Qureshi*
... the mechanism of stress tolerance. SA is part of an extremely complex signal transduction network’s part and it works differently in different systems. Drought stress is a major restraint for crop production in arid and semi arid states such as Pakistan. In this study experiments were conducted against the responses of strawberry plant to both pre-harvest application of salicylic acid and drought treatments. The design of the experiment was a factorial ...
Hassan Hashim Ghalib, Syed Attaullah Shah*, Abbas Ullan Jan and Ghaffar Ali
...ties with increased heat tolerance and provision of timely and sufficient water for irrigation would be helpful in reducing future potential losses to wheat growers. ...
Tanzeela Riaz1, Farah Rauf Shakoori2,* and Syed Shahid Ali3
...al enzymes and phosphine tolerance.
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Maryum Fakhar, Iqra Jabbar, Anjum Nasim Sabri*
...anisms of resistance and tolerance. Biofilm formation is one such resistance mechanism for bacterial survival. This paper provides the basis for use of bacteria isolated from saline environment and to check their biofilm forming ability under nickel stress. Our previous results showed that these bacteria are capable of producing proline, glycine betaine, choline and other osmolytes under NaCl stress. On the basis of those results it is hypothesized that this o...
Qingying Jia1, Hui Wang1, Tianhong Wang1, Na Dong1, Shuguang Ren1,2, Xiaolong Yang1, Jingze Liu1,* and Zhijun Yu1,3,*
...nditions and showed high tolerance to cold and low tolerance to heat.
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Naheed Akhtar, Waseem A. Gillani, Ehsan ul Haq, Javed Khan, Irshad Begum, Shaheena Yasmin* and Kamran Saeed**
...ixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance. Results indicated that the entry B-00080 had antibiosis and B-99036 was the tolerant one. So, on the basis of present studies the entry having high level of resistance against R. padi (B-99036) should be incorporated in the future breeding programmes....
Mian Sajjad Ahmad1, Somia Iqtadar1, Sami Ullah Mumtaz1*, Zafar Niaz1, Iqra Waheed2 and Sajid Abaidullah1
...tissue. Impaired glucose tolerance is a risk factor for developing diabetes Mellitus & is associated with hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. To determine the frequency of impaired glucose tolerance in obese patients. This Cross Sectional study was carried out in North Medical Ward, King Edward Medical University/ Mayo Hospital Lahore for 6 months i.e. January to June 2014. Total 160 obese patients visiting outpatient ...
Naheed Akhtar*, Awais Iqbal**, Habib Iqbal Javed*, Javed Khan*, Muhammad Riaz*, Waseem Ahmad Gillani*, Tariq Mahmood*, Awais Rasool* and Tahira Yasmin*
EVALUATION OF RECOMMENDED WHEAT VARIETIES FOR RESISTANCE AGAINST SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM (RONDANI) (APHIDIDAE: HOMOPTERA) UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS
...ixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance against greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani). NARC-09, Momal-2002, TD-1 and Zarlasta-99 were found resistant in seedling bulk test. Momal-2002 was the least preferred in antixenosis mechanism of resistance NARC-2009, Momal-2002 and Sulaman-96 were the least fecund in antibiosis mechanism of resistance and TD-1, NARC-2009 and Sussui were highly tolerant in tolerance mechanism of resistanc...
Frasat Saeed*, Jehanzeb Farooq*, Abid Mahmood**, Tassawar Hussain***, Muhammad Riaz* and Saghir Ahmad****
GENETIC DIVERSITY IN UPLAND COTTON FOR COTTON LEAF CURL VIRUS DISEASE, EARLINESS AND FIBER QUALITY
...iversity regarding CLCuD tolerance, fiber quality and some yield contributing traits, 101 cotton genotypes imported from USA were evaluated. Different statistical procedures like cluster, principle components (PC) and correlation analysis were employed to identify the suitable genotypes that can be further exploited in breeding programme. Significant associations were found between yield contributing trait, boll weight and fiber related trait, staple length. E...
Abdul Rehman Khan*, Muhammad Mahmood–Ul-Hassan**, Rizwan Ahmad** and Anjum Munir ***
ARSENIC III TOLERANCE POTENTIAL OF FUNGI ISOLATED FROM POLLUTED AND NON-POLLUTED SOILS OF PAKISTAN
...sent study, arsenic (As) tolerance of indigenous filamentous fungi was explored. Fungal strains were isolated from peri-urban soils of Multan and Gujranwala irrigated with untreated industrial or municipal effluent. Some fungal strains were also isolated from non-polluted soils of Islamabad area. Arsenic (III) tolerance potential of 18 fungal isolates was tested by growing them on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium amended wi...
Muhammad Suhaib1, Ijaz Ahmad2*, Masooma Munir3, Muhammad Bilal Iqbal4 , Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar5 and Safdar Ali6
...typic assessment of salt tolerance in wheat cultivars (Faisalabad-2008 and Punjab-2011). Punjab-2011 performed better under normal and saline conditions than Faisalabad-2008. Shoot length reduction was 13.15 and 27.50% for Faisalabad-2008 and Punjab-2011 respectively under 75 mM salt stress but response at higher level 150 mM was different with 34.21 and 25.0% reduction in shoot length for Faisalabad-2008 and Punjab-2011 respectively. A significant improvement...
Muhammad Suhaib1*, Ijaz Ahmad2, Masooma Munir3, Badar-Uz-Zaman1, Bushra Atta4 and Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar5
...types regarding salinity tolerance. SARC-4 was found to tolerate more salt stress as compared to Parwaz-94 and performed better at both salinity levels then Parwaz-94. Salicylic acid induced improvement is significant regardless of stress environment or normal growth conditions. While regarding salicylic acid induced amelioration it was notable that both levels of salicylic acid had significant effects on the physiology and biochemical parameters of crop plant...
Farah Rauf Shakoori1,*, Anum Feroz1, Ayesha Gondal1,Sahar Akram2 and Tanzeela Riaz3
...icated very little or no tolerance in T. granarium against λ-cyhalothrin in the godowns. The sub lethal dose of λ-cyhalothrin (LC20) significantly increased the contents of free amino acids and soluble proteins while contents of total proteins, lipids, glycogen and trehalose were significantly reduced with reference to their control (untreated group). Among carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes, the activities of amylase and inverta...
Rizwana Qamar1, Maria Ghias1, Fida Hussain1, Sajida Habib1, Muhammad Khuram Razzaq2*, Muhammad Aslam1 and Imran Habib3
...s having greater drought tolerance are the effective and inexpensive approach by plant breeders to manage with drought. A wire house experiment was conducted in Oilseeds Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Faisalabad for the screening of genotypes against drought. Ten hybrids along with their 13 parental inbred lines were grown in polythene bags following factorial structured completely randomized design by three replications against three levels of...
Irshad Ali1, Mohammad Masood Tariq2,*, Abdul Waheed2, Ferhet Abbas Yousafzai1, Farhat Abbas Bokhari1, Majed Rafeeq1, Muhammad Ali1, Muhammad Adnan Attique1, Shahid Amin3 and Tahir Hameed1
...such as tick resistance, tolerance against > 50oC temperature in the hot weather nevertheless still gives good productive results. It has extraordinary long limbs which protect them from very heated ground. The odor of BN animal sweat is so pungent that helps it in tick resistance. The white color of the skin is natural reflector in an extreme weather, whereas, the inner coat of this animal has black lining (the natural insulator), provides an ex...
Muhammad Zahid1, Naeem Iqbal1, Sohaib Muhammad2*, Summiya Faisal3, Wajid Mahboob3, Makhdoom Hussain4 and Zaheer ud din Khan2
...1” and desiccation tolerance potentials were assessed through growth, yield and physiological attributes. Glucose was supplied in various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 mM) as seed priming and foliar spray treatments at vegetative and reproductive stages. Plant growth and grain yields were reduced under drought. Two glucose treatments (10 mM and 50 mM) improved tillering and dry biomass as compared to other treatments. Foliar sprayed-glucose treated...
Aftab Khan, Shahid Ali, Syed Attaullah Shah and Muhammad Fayaz
...r developing temperature tolerance varieties of maize and other crops grown in Central and Southern zones of the province. Government also needs to encourage farming community of Central and Southern zones for afforestation in order to control increase in temperature. ...
Abdur Rehman1* and Shad Khan Khalil2
...idered to induce drought tolerance in plants. Field trials were conducted at Agricultural Research Institute Tarnab, Peshawar-Pakistan to study the effects of moisture stress and foliar application of chemicals at different growth stages on canola growth and phenology during 2015-16 and 2016-17. The experiment comprised of four moisture levels (optimum water, 10%, 20% and 30% reduced irrigation water), three chemicals (salicylic acid 0.5mM, potassium nitrate K...
Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Javeria Choudhary1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Afzal1, Sohail Ahmed2 and Muhammad Sajjad Khalil1
...strains exhibited higher tolerance ratio of 26.5-fold, 21-fold and 18.6-fold respectively relative to Sgd-strain against deltamethrin, whereas, these strains did not have significantly higher tolerance ratio against permethrin and spinosad except Fsd-strain with 9.5-fold tolerance ratio against permethrin. Biochemical studies indicated that Swl-strains had significantly higher activities o...
Song Jiang1,2, Fa-lin Zhou1, Qi-bin Yang1, Jian-hua Huang1, Li-shi Yang1 and Shi-gui Jiang1*
...ty-limitation of thermal tolerance of P. monodon. Oxygen metabolism disruption might also impact energy metabolism and other physiological activities in P. monodon.
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Sabahat Noor*1, Shaukat Ali1, Hafeez-ur-Rahman1, Farhatullah2 and Ghulam Muhammad Ali1
...enhance drought and salt tolerance. ...
Umair Riaz1*, Muhammad Ali Kharal2, Ghulam Murtaza3, Qamar uz Zaman4, Sana Javaid4, Hina Ahmed Malik3, Humera Aziz3 and Zafar Abbas1
...and mechanisms of stress tolerance primarily utilized by plants for the synthesis of lignin which ultimately thickened cell walls and plant become resistant to ion toxicity sodium and heavy metal stress. It also reconciles the absorption of high energy radiations in mesophyll cells under drought stress, mechanism involves the production of ferulic acid through the methylation of caffeic acid catalyzed by O-methyltransferase. It has been concluded that exogenou...
Fouzia Tabssum1, Qamar uz Zaman2*, Yinglong Chen3,4, Umair Riaz5*, Waqas Ashraf6, Ambreen Aslam2, Nusrat Ehsan2, Rab Nawaz2, Humera Aziz7 and Shamim ul Sibtain Shah8
... proline to enhance salt tolerance of two rice cultivars with contrasting salt tolerance: Super basmati (salt susceptible) and Shaheen basmati (salt tolerant) in both nursery and field conditions. For pot experiment, salinity stress was imposed by applying 50 mM of NaCl solution to the soil daily for three continuing days, and applications of proline (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mM) was applied 25 DAS. For field experiment, the sa...
Jair Millán-Orozco1,*, Jersson Millán-Orozco2 and Luz María Tejada-Ugarte3
...ear, denoting great heat tolerance.
...
Shamsher Ali1*, Muhammad Jamal Khan2, Zahir Shah2, Naveedullah3 and Abdul Jalal1
Muhammad Usman Asif*, Raza Muhammad, Waseem Akbar, Mubasshir Sohail and Muhammad Awais
...A-HM-6N that showed high tolerance against sucking pests as well as bollworms. Moreover, the perusal of data showed that the population trend of all insects remained below economic threshold level (ETL) during the period of study.
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Sohaib Afzaal1, Usman Hameed2, Nasir Ahmad3,*, Naeem Rashid3 and Muhammad Saleem Haider1
..., on the basis of stress tolerance assays. Identification of the screened strains was further confirmed by 16S ribosomal DNA sequences and strain level differentiation was carried out by sugar fermentation tests. These strains were further analyzed for their ability to produce lactic acid. Overall, Leuconostoc mesenteroides was found as pre-dominant group (41.1% prevalence) among LAB strains in the isolated food samples. Some opportunistic pathogens wer...
Zhengfei Wang*, Dan Tang, Xuejia Shi, Huayun Guo, Xiuping Chen, Daizheng Zhang and Boping Tang*
...of extreme environmental tolerance by Bythograeidae crabs.
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