Effect of Copper Toxicity on the Growth Parameters of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn
Effect of Copper Toxicity on the Growth Parameters of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn
Uzma Sahib1, Atta Ur Rahman1*, Sajjad Ahmad1*, Fahmeeda Kausar1, Sana Khan1, Sumaira Noor2, Muskaan Zaman2, Sobia Gul1, Riffat Sabar Yousafzai1, Kaleem Ullah2, Fawad Khan1 and Tariq Zaman3
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the effect of copper contamination (100 to 500 ppm) on the germination and growth of Silybum marianum. The germination of seed was maximum at 500 ppm and minimum in the control soil (0 ppm). Maximum biomass were investigate at 400 ppm of root, stem length and leaves, and number of flowers. Followed by control group consecutively investigate the least value. Dried leaf weight and total plant weight were highest at 400 ppm, whereas fresh leaf weight peaked at 200 ppm. Some characteristics, primarily biomass and blooming, were inhibited by copper concentrations of 200 and 500 ppm. Statistical analysis using One-Way ANOVA revealed significant differences in mean values across treatments, despite no significant variance in standard deviation. These results imply that copper has a concentration-dependent function as both an inhibitor and a growth enhancer, demonstrating Silybum marianum’s adaptive response to heavy metal pollution.
To share on other social networks, click on any share button. What are these?
