Genetic Diversity and Molecular Characterization of Virulence Determinants and Integrons in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Canal Water in Peshawar Pakistan
Genetic Diversity and Molecular Characterization of Virulence Determinants and Integrons in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Canal Water in Peshawar Pakistan
Urooj Amjad1, Kafeel Ahmad1*, Hifsa Saadia1 and Imran Muhammad Khan2
ABSTRACT
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a clinically significant Gram-negative bacillus with remarkable ability to thrive in diverse environments that could be attributed to its minimal nutritional demands allowing it to exist in settings like wastewater, surface water, and moist conditions and even on inert surfaces. This adaptability makes P. aeruginosa noteworthy for its environmental resilience and clinical importance. This study aimed to examine the genetic determinants of virulence (toxA, lasB, plcH, exoS), occurrence of integrons (int1, int2) and molecular diversity among P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from canal water in Peshawar, Pakistan. A total of fifty samples were collected and processed for isolation of P. aeruginosa. Antibiotic susceptibility was conducted against eight different classes of antibiotics i.e. Norfloxacin (10µg), Ticarcillin (75µg), Doripenem (10µg), Azithromycin (10µg), Ciprofloxacin (5µg), Levofloxacin (10µg), Polymyxin (300U) and Colistin (10µg). Isolated P. aeruginosa were analyzed for the presence of lasB, toxA, exoS, and plcH, int1and int2 genes. Genetic diversity was analyzed through RAPD PCR. Results showed 98%, 74%, 100%, 26%, 70%, 98%, 100%, 100% susceptibility towards Norfloxacin, Ticarcillin, Doripenem, Azithromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Polymyxin and Colistin respectively. The occurrence of lasB, toxA, exoS and plcH was confirmed in 98% (n=49), 86% (n=43), 88% (n=44) and 96% (n=48) isolates. Int1 gene was detected in 90% (n=45) isolates whereas int2 gene was not detected. Among the 50 isolates, 26 were clustered into 11 distinct clones whereas 24 isolates showed distinct RAPD profiling. The presence of highly pathogenic strains of P. aeruginosa highlights the requirement for efficient strategies for control and prevention.
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