In-Vitro and In-Vivo Antibacterial Effects of Hydroxamic Acid in Broilers
In-Vitro and In-Vivo Antibacterial Effects of Hydroxamic Acid in Broilers
Muhammad Adnan Shams1, Sarzamin Khan1, Muhammad Shuaib2*, Muhammad Mushtaq1, Najma Shams3, Muhammad Aamir4, Zahid Ullah5, Shahrood Ahmed Siddiqui6 and Bilal Nadeem7
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the antibacterial efficacy of hydroxamic acid extracted from Azam maize root powder. The methanolic extract was tested for the availability of hydroxamic acid as an antibacterial agent through In-Vitro and In-Vivo tests in locally isolated E. coli strain-infected broiler chicks. In-Vivo experiment, 280-day-old broiler (Cobb) chicks were distributed into 7 experimental groups each with 4 replicates (10 birds/replicate) e.g. CON (control), PC (positive control), Enro (enrofloxacin drug of choice against E. coli 5mg/kg body weight), SC (sweet corn dried roots not having any hydroxamic acid, 1000mg/kg feed), FD (freeze dried Azam maize roots, 1000mg/kg feed); SD (sun-dried Azam maize roots,1000mg/kg feed) and OD (oven dried Azam maize roots,1000mg/kg feed). Methanolic extract of Azam maize roots showed a significant reduction/inhibition in the growth of E. coli strain in which group FD in the range of 11.66 to 0.005mg and groups SD and OD in the range of 11.66 to 5.83 mg were effective. In-vivo tests, feed intake, body weight gain, and FCR were significantly improved in the FD group than in the PC, SC, SD, and OD groups during the post-infection phase. Similarly, the mortality index (%) showed a significant reduction in the FD group as compared to the PC, SC, SD, and OD treatment groups. Blood biochemistry parameters e.g., HB, PCV, RBCs, and WBCs were significantly affected in the FD group. Similarly, liver and kidney function tests e.g., AST, ALT, creatinine, and blood urea showed more potential antioxidant effects in the FD group as compared to the PC, SC, SD, and OD treatment groups. The histopathological examination of liver, kidney, and intestine tissues in infected birds showed significantly different architectural structures. The FD group showed normal sectional architectural study as compared to other treatment groups. Based on the above facts, it is concluded that among the different methods of methanolic extract of Azam maize roots, the FD group has a good antimicrobial effect as well as improved performance and serum biochemistry against locally isolated E. coli strain-infected broiler chicks.
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