Marryam Bakhtawar1, Qamar Saeed1* and Naeem Iqbal2
...moth’s eggs (20%), immature mealybugs (6%) and the least survival on honey. These findings can lead to the discovery of new artificial diets for the C. undecimpunctata for the mass release in fields in order to biologically control a number of pests for an eco-friendly pest control system....
Naime Zülâl Elekcioğlu*
...Developmental periods of immature stages ranged from 34.98 days at 15ºC to 9.15 days at 35ºC. The lower developmental threshold for C. phyllocnistoides estimated was 8.93°C. Mortality rate of immature stages decreased as the temperature increased, ranged from 27% at 15ºC to 8% at 35°C. Longevity of both sexes were different at all temperatures studied (except 30 and 32.5°C), ranged from 22.1...
K.N. Ahmed and M.R. Hasan
Sudden outbreak of mealy bug and armoured scale causing severe damage to economic crops in Bangladesh
...on laboratory studies on immature and mature fruits of lady's finger; the total period of all four nymphal stages lasted for 32.6 ± 4.17 days at an average room temperature of 28 ± 2ºC and 70-75% RH during September, 2009. Male mealybug has a short life span of 3.0 ± 0.21 days. Females live for nearly 80.7 ± 10.43 days with an oviposition period of approximately 21 days. This mealybug is capable of active movement throughout it...
M. A. Al-Helal, K. N. Ahmed, N-E-P. Khanom, and S. Bulbul
Observations on papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Willink (Hemiptera : Pseudococcidae) damag-ing some crops in Bangladesh
...ccidae was recorded from immature, mature papaya fruits and foliages from BCSIR Vegetable Garden during March, 2011. It is a small polyphagous insect pest sucking saps from the attacking fruits and leaves. P. marginatus passes through egg and three nymphal stages to become adult. Generally, three and four nymphal instars occur in case of female and male mealybug, respectively. The adults are most active in warm, dry and humid weather. The male adult mealybugs ...
Zaheer Abbas*, Shaukat Ali, Jalal-Ud-Din and Ghulam M. Ali*
...on medium, heat shock to immature embryos prior to infection, resting stage and Agrobacterium strains that deliver T-DNA into plant cell from which whole plant can be regenerated. The results indicated that optimal embryo physiological age is 15 and 18 days after pollination and transient transformation efficiency decreased at 22 days after pollination. Enhanced transient beta glucuronidase (GUS) expression with average frequency of 40.56% was noticed with thr...
Zaheer Abbas*, Shaukat Ali, Jalal-Ud-Din and Ghulam M. Ali*
...rocedures of raising the immature embryos as a starting material for genetic transformation. Unlike immature embryos, the development of coleoptilar node is seasonal free and green house independent which would accelerate the work relevant to genetic transformation of maize. MS medium fortified with 3 mgL-1 BAP and 5 mgL-1 picloram produced maize seedlings with expanded coleoptilar nodes. Longitudinal cut sections of expande...
Mumtaz Akhtar1, Shabana Naz2,*, Muhamamad Iqbal3, Waqar Azeem4 and Mirza Azhar Beg5
... classes, i.e. I (immature), II (sub-adults), III (adults), IV (middle aged), V (old), on the basis of tooth wear, mandibular length, and condition of reproductive organs. In the winter samples, most of the animals belonged to the middle body weight classes, while in the spring sample majority of specimens belonged to the heaviest weight classes. The comparison of age to body weight resulted in considerable overlap. Age Class I animals never exceeded 70...
Javed Khan, Ehsan-ul-Haq, Naheed Akhtar, Waseem Ahmad Gillani*, Naila Assad**, M.Asif Masood and Irum Raza*
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF IMMATURE STAGES OF CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) FEEDING ON RICE MEAL MOTH, CORCYRA CEPHALONICA EGGS
...velopmental durations of immature stages of Chrysoperla carnea, feeding on Corcyra cephalonica eggs at three constant temperatures 24 ±1 ºC, 28 ±1 ºC and 32 ±1 °C were studied. The results indicated that incubation period was 4.9±0.08, 3.8±0.08 and 3.0±0.06 days at three temperatures, respectively. Developmental duration of first instar were 3.6±0.07, 3.0±0.11, 2.0±0.06 days, second i...
Rashid Minhas*, Iftikhar Ahmad Khan**, Faisal Saeed Awan**, Lal Hussain Akhtar*, Syed Awais Sajid Shah* and M. Shahjhan Bukhari*
ESTIMATION OF GENETIC DIVERSITY AND HYBRID IDENTIFICATION IN AMERICAN COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.) BY PCR BASED RAPD ANALYSIS
... successfully from their immature leaves to estimate 1 genetic diversity and hybrid identification. Out of the 26 RAPD primers used for DNA amplification, 14 primers produced polymorphic bands, while 12 produced monomorphic bands. These 14 primers yielded total 96 RAPD markers, out of which only 40 were found polymorphic which resulted in 41.66% polymorphism among the genotypes studied. The number of RAPD markers produced ranged from 4 to 12. Average number of...
Souheila Slimani1,*, Sonia Hamouda1, Chahrazed Souadi1, Sara Silini2, Cherif Abdennour2 and Leila Delimi3
...ffected, accompanied withimmature and malformed spermatozoa in the lumen.To conclude, oral administration of thiram may affect the seasonal reproduction of pigeon by disturbing the histo-architecture of testes and sperm quality under long photoperiod. Such changes may be responsible for delayed refractory phase.The intact stages of spermatogenesis indicates that the thiram-exposed pigeons were not in the refractoriness period.
...
Ayesha Iftikhar1,*, Muhammad Asif Aziz1, Muhammad Naeem1, Munir Ahmad1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
...ding to the results, the immature duration and adult longevity were comparatively longer at lower temperature (24 ± 0.5 °C) and shorter at higher temperatures. Among population dynamic parameters, net reproductive rate (R0) was 216.52, 105.99 and 27.07 off-springs per individual, intrinsic rate of increase (r) was 0.1543, 0.1600 and 0.1518 off-springs per female per day at 27 ± 0.5, 24 ± 0.5, and 32 ± 4....
Ghazunfar Rashid1, Muhammad Avais1, Syed Saleem Ahmad1, Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq2, Rais Ahmed3,*, Mahboob Ali1, Muhammad Naveed-ul-Haque4, Mehtab Ahmad5, Mumtaz Ali Khan1 and Naimat Ullah Khan6
... compared to stem parts, immature plants, and in samples collected from plants during morning hours. The nitrate concentration was lower in samples collected from Ravi area, as compared to samples collected from villages of Pattoki and Okara. Blood samples were collected from animals feeding on above fodders; Spectrophotometry analysis of blood samples from these animals showed abnormally high levels of nitrite. In conclusion, nitrate contents were higher (>...
Phong Huy Pham
Nesting biology of a spider wasp Auplopus sp. (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) in Vietnam
...d. The prey spiders were immatures of a species of the genus Heteropoda, family Sparassidae. Developmental time of egg, larva, pre-pupa, pupa, and pre-adult was 6 - 7, 13 - 14, 5 - 7, 41 - 43, and 3 - 4 days, respectively. The duration of egg to adult development ranged from 68 to 75 days....
Muhammad Mohsin Ahsan1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2, Muhammad Khalid Mukhtar1
Effect of lunar cycle on active population density of scorpions, their potential prey and predators
Ahmed Ali Samejo* and Riffat Sultana*
...v>...
Fakhra Soomro1,*, Riffat Sultana2 and Muhammad Saeed Wagan2
...reas, S. savignyi immature emerges earlier than S. rubescens rubescens and increases their density rapidly in open grounds and rocky areas. Immature stages were found exclusively geophiles in nature and usually giving two generation in a year but occasionally third generation of diapauses eggs of S. savignyi hatched in winter. A comparative key for immature stages of b...
Abdul A. Mirani1,2*, Chee H. Teo2, Adel A. Abul-Soad3, Ghulam S. Markhand1, Tahira Jatt1, Ameer A. Mirbahar1,4, Najamuddin Solangi1
...era) plants derived from immature inflorescences. In this study, three to four years old field grown tissue cultured date palm plants of cvs. Kashuwari and Gulistan derived from in vitro subculture 1-10 (block I) and 11-25 (block II) in multiplication stage were screened for type and nature of phenotypic abnormalities. Six phenotypic abnormalities were detected: 1) dwarfism, 2) excessive vegetative growth, 3) production of deformed offshoots and twisted inflor...
Khalid P. Loneand Irfana Liaqat*
...ive gross stages namely, immature and developing, maturing and developed, ripe and running, post spawning and spent-regressed. The testis in Labeo rohita were unrestricted and lobular. The maximum GSI (2.89±0.25) was seen in June when the photoperiod and temperatures were highest, while the lowest GSI was seen in October (0.09±0.01). The start of the monsoon rains was a cue for final maturation and spawning and by the middle of July; the t...
Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi1*, Ibtasam Riaz2, Syed Muneeb Haider2, Arfan Ahmed Gilal3, Anjum Shehzad4, Ahmed Zia4 and Abdul Rauf Bhatti4
...eptempunctata on various immature stages of M. minor. Moreover, both the species showed relatively more preference on eggs of P. minor than nymphs. Therefore, both the species can be exploited in field conditions against P. minor to keep its populations below threshold level. ...
Ahmed Zia*
...ailable for its male and immature stages. It is second species for the genus to be recorded from Pakistan. Distributional details along with important taxonomic characters and habitat information is discussed in detail to facilitate readers of this document. A key to the known species of Coeliccia from Pakistan is also provided. A need to conduct further surveys in whole hill belt is highly felt with a view to get more information especially for its male and n...
Zulekha Zameer, Samreen Mohsin, Ammarah Hasnain, Asma Maqbool* and Kauser Abdulla Malik
Influence of Explant Sources on in vitro Callogenesis and Regeneration in Maize (Zea mays L.)
... culture, especially the immature embryos. However, the manipulation of immature embryos as explants is hampered due to its unavailability throughout the year and low regeneration response. The present study is aimed to investigate the effect of various explants sources for callogenesis and regeneration in maize (Pioner 3025). The main explants under consideration were: three parts of germinated seedlings, mature embryo and ...
Faiqah Ramzan1,2,*, Irfan Zia Qureshi2 and Muhammad Haris Ramzan3
...is. However, in sexually immature male mammals, the maturation of gonads is not clear yet. The current study tested the hypothesis that continuous kisspeptin administration suppresses gonadotropin and testosterone release and spermatogenesis. Intraperitoneal kisspeptin administration was carried out in 05 weeks old prepubertal male Sprague Dawley rats, twice daily for 12 days, at three different dosage regimens: 10ρg, 1ηg and 1µg compared to cont...
Sabina Noor1*, Fatimah Abang1 and Hamady Dieng2
Biology of an Exotic Butterfly Acraea terpsicore (Linnaeus, 1758) (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae), in a Newly Invaded Region, Sarawak, Borneo
... intended to compare the immature stages of Acraea terpsicore (Linnaeus 1758) (tawny coster) relative to habitat types, phenotype, and gender in Sarawak, Borneo. The nymphalid butterfly tawny coster is widely distributed throughout the Indian and Sri Lankan region and has expanded its distribution range southward through Southeast Asia and Australia. Currently establishing its population in Kalimantan, it was firstly detected in Sarawak in 2013. Comparative ob...
Ammara Gull-e-Fareen1,2, Imran Bodlah1,*, Muhammad Adnan Bodlah3, Muhammad Tariq Rasheed1, Habib Ali4 and Muhammad Asif5
...tata parasitizes the immature of Ischiodon scutellaris (F.) like other reported species of this genus. Main diagnostic characters, brief description, morphometrics and illustrations are provided. Comparison of recorded species with type species has been provided. World distribution and distribution in Pakistan has been given using Arc GIS tools.
...
Bin Liu1,2, Libo Wang2, Dandan Xue2, Peng Xu1, Yuting An2 and Changhu Lu1*
... the migration timing of immature birds was much the same as adults of the same sex in both seasons (Mann-Whitney U test, spring, P=0.571; autumn, P=0.236). Body size and sex were found to affect body mass significantly (ANCOVA, wing length P =0.001; sex P=0.001). No individuals were recaptured in both migration seasons, hence the Blue-and-white Flycatcher may adopt a strategy of one-day stopovers. The Yancheng seawall forest...
Abbas M. Al-Azab1*, Ahmed A. Zaituon2, Khalid M. Al-Ghamdi3, Fahd M. Abd Al Galil4,5
...or collecting adults and immature stages in five residential areas in Jeddah. A total of 796 adults of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were collected. Out of these, 373 males (46.8 %) and, 423 females (53.2%). Out of 950 collected immature stages, 83.41% larvae and 16.6% were pupae. The obtained statistical analysis showed that the availability of the adult and juvenile stages of A. aegypti occurred throughout the year in different...
Imran Bodlah1*, Muhammad Tariq Rasheed1, Muhammad Farooq Nasir1, Tariq Mahmood2 and Muhammad Asif3
Arif Mehmood*, Muhammad Naeem and Ata-ul-Mohsin
...total of 3,997 adult and immatures of mosquitoes belonging to 5 genera and 28 species were collected. Culex spp. were found throughout year, Anopheles spp. through March-November. Armigeres spp. through January-November, Aedes spp. through April-November and Lutzia spp. were found in the months January-March and June-November. Seasonal distribution pattern is an asset in controlling any epidemic occurred due to mosquito vector. This pattern informs about the a...
Chemoprotective Effect of Daphnetin against Benzene Induced Leukemia Cancer via Alteration of CYP2E1
Junling Liu, Chen Sun, Qiao Yu, Yanzhi Liang, Shanshan Lin and Meng Tian*
...ction of large number of immature blood cells that enter the peripheral blood. Leukemia considered as the 9th most common cancer in men and 12th in women. Available treatment for leukemia are chemotherapy, allogeneic cell transplantation and radiation therapy with side effects. Due to side effect linked with the treatment, medicinal herbs treatment having the more attraction to treat the leukemia. The current study was to scrutinize the anti-leukemic effect of...
Reem M. Ramadan1, Fady Sayed Youssef2, Gehad Genidy Mohamed3, Sameh Hamed Ismail4, M.M. El-Bahy1, Shimaa Abdel-Radi1*
...ria species oocysts. The immature oocysts were exposed to 5, 10, 20, and 40 ppm, each for 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 36 h. Percentage of sporulation inhibition in oocysts and comet assay were used to investigate the C-Oo.Nc destructive effects. The infectivity of sporulated oocysts exposed to LC50 & LC90 were evaluated by In vivo inoculation of broiler chicks. The results demonstrated that the increase in the rate of sporulation inhibition is directly related...
Ilhama G. Kerimova1*, Viktor A.Krivokhatsky2, Merve N. Aydemir3 and Lala N. Mamedova4
...fficult to recognize the immature antlions of Palpares libelluloides (Linnaeus, 1764) and P. turcicus with similar brown rings on the last abdominal segments. The specimen that could not be determined was marked as “Palpares sp. questionable”. The genetic method has finally solved this question; now Palpares sp. questionable (IGK15) is surely assigned to P. turcicus. Myrmecaelurus solaris (Krivokhatsky, 2002) (IGK2) ML. and M. trigrammus (Pallas, 1...
Aiman Amur*, Nasreen Memon, Reshma Sahito and Seema Memon
...onths of season it is in immature form so because of that it is less infested, during whole season of mango the infestation was significantly different (F 54.05, df 52, p<0.5). The highest number of flies emergence were found from Beganpali (60.9%) followed by Sindhri variety (43.2%), while least No.of emergence found 6% from Sindhri variety (6%) during September. Ratio of fruit flies like B. dorsalis 54.7%, from Beganpali, followed by Sindhri variety 41.6%...
Ferzana Bhatti1, Fiaz Hussain2, Zain ul Abdin1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Saqi Kosar Abbas2 and Muhammad Zeeshan Shabbir3
...vival and development of immature insect parasitoids. These will be helpful to explore novel bioactive molecules useful for sustainable insect biological control programes, especially from the insect parasitoids of Pyralidae (Lepidoptera)....
Muhammad Ramzan1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah2, Shafia Saba2, Madiha Mobeen Khan3, Umair Faheem4, Asad-ur-Rehman3, Naeem Arshad Maan3 and Waseem Hassan5
...om Pakistan in 2018. The immature stages of pest were found on these ornamental bushes, collected from the infested plants grown in lawns of Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan, and were brought to the lab for rearing and identification. After emergence of moths, specimens were killed and identified using available taxonomic keys under stereomicroscope. After identification, it was revealed that the insect under study was identif...
Muhammad Ahsan Riaz1, Ayesha Riaz2, Muhammad Asif Mahmood3, Muhammad Uzair Mukhtar3*, Zaib Un Nisa1, Beenish Ijaz4 and Muhammad Shahid Rasool5
...re inversion affects the immature development stages of Ae. aegypti. This study concluded that, Ae. aegypti larvae’s body size depends upon seasonal temperature inversion in the breeding water. These findings can help in predicting the variation in the development rate of Ae. aegypti larvae under different seasonal temperatures.
Novelty Statement | The determines the body length variation ...
Najamuddin Solangi1*, Mushtaque Ahmed Jatoi1, Adel Ahmed Abul-Soad2, Abdul Aziz Mirani1, Muhammad Aslam Solangi3 and Ghulam Sarwar Markhand1
...t explants obtained from immature spathes (avg. 17 cm) resulted in significantly highest callogenesis in cvs. Begum Jungi (83.6%) and Ajwa (75.6%). Significantly highest callus induced in floral buds in cvs. Begum Jungi (87.3%) and Ajwa (84.3%) on medium comprising of 2,4-D (2.0 mg L-1), 2iP (0.5 mg L-1). Medium comprising of 0.05 mg L-1 2,4-D, 2.0 mg L-1 2iP, 3 g L-1 activated charcoal induced significantly highest somatic embryos in cvs. Begum Jungi (83.3%) ...
Muhammad Saad Waqas, Li Xia, Tian-Ci Yi*, Liang-Yu Sun, Rong Xiao and Dao-Chao Jin*
...tern was different among immature-stages and adults. Nymphs and larvae relocated nest when there was abundance of exuviae whereas adults did not relocate. Adults could extend their original nest when it was filled with exuviae. Alive individuals lived with dead individuals and they did not remove the dead ones from nests. These findings highlight the hygienic challenges, adaptation of social living organisms, and demonstrated how sanitary behaviour can result ...
Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1, Imtiaz Khan1*, Ijaz Ahmad1, Javed Khan2, Shahid Sattar1, Bashir Ahmad Khan1 and Muhammad Salim1
.... The life table’s immature stage survival and female fecundity rate revealed that the stage of eggs had the greatest death rate, at 12%, followed by pre pupal stage. The lowest mortality was observed in 2nd instar stage. Sx was determined to be maximal during the second instar stage and minimal at the pre-pupal stage. The total mortality per generation (K-value) from all immature stages was 0.26. The total female fecu...
Shazia Rasheed1,*, Ehsan Ullah Mengal1, Robina Manzoor2 and Azra Bano1
...ize and the largest male immature crab had 90 mm SCW. In case of female smallest mature crab had 70 mm SCW, while the largest immature crab had 92 mm SCW. The minimum number of eggs estimated in the female P. segnis was 86,392 while maximum number of eggs was found to be 1,555,820 in a crab of 138 mm SCW. The average fecundity was 523,773 ± 279,204. The GSI values of male crab ranged from 0.70 to 6.20 having a mean of...
Feng-Yan Liu1,2,3, Ting Chen1,2,3, Yu-Hui Li1,2,3, Zheng Liu1,2,3, Jing-Jin Zheng1,2,3, You-Bang Li1,2,3* and Zhong-hao Huang1,2,3*
...tly higher than those in immature macaques, Also, T4 in males was significantly higher than those in females, indicating different energy intake/expenditure of rhesus macaques in different age and sex classes. Our findings provide a critical base of physiological information on the rhesus macaques inhabiting the Longhushan Nature Reserve, highlighting the importance of monitoring macaques’ physiological hormones and the needs for the further knowledge on...
Eman, M. Abd El-Mottaleb.*; Ahmed, S.A."; Maysa, H.M.*; Salem, S.A.* and M. M. El-Shenawy
...anied with neutrophilia (immature form) and lymphopenia. Histopathological examination clarified the most common lesion of field cases in lung in the form of pulmonary emphysema and alveolar collapse as well as interstitial pneumonia and proliferation of the cells lining the bronchioles. Severe edema and infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells with proliferative fibrous connective tissues were seen in the heart. Liver showed severe edema, fibrous connec...
S. A. Sidaros*, S. A. EL-Kewey*, Eman A. H. khattab**, M. M. ELsharkawy*
...tyledons and embryos) of immature seeds obtained from infected faba been and cowpea plants. Both of the viruses were not detected in seed coat of ripened seeds and in roots of infected plants. BBSV was detected in stained seeds more than un-stained seeds obtained from infected faba bean plants. ...
Pratap A. Divekar1,2*, Sampat K Patel2, Guru Pirasanna Pandi G3, Manimurugan C2,4, Vikas Singh2 and Jagdish Singh1
... of each insect species, immature and adult of natural enemies, crop damage ratings and marketable yield in insecticide treated versus untreated control plots. Spinetoram 45 and 60 g a.i. per ha recorded significantly higher larval population reduction (>80%) with least crop damage ratings (˂ 2) for both the insect pest population. Spinosad, emamectin benzoate, indoxacarb and chlorantraniliprole were also the found best treatments in controlling DBM and CB...
Tanveer Jilani1*, Irfan Khan2, Asmat Salim2, Fareena Bilwani1, Bushra Moiz3 and Mohammad Perwaiz Iqbal1,4
...rd blood samples contain immature cells, which can result in contamination of PBMNCs layer. Thus, obtaining EPCs from CD34+ peripheral blood cells of healthy adult humans is superior as the risk of contamination is minimal. The method of isolation and purification of CD34+-derived EPCs used in this study is simpler, user friendly and is more efficient as compared to other techniques. Human EPCs differentiated by this protocol can then be used to study normal a...
Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Khadija Akram1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Arshad1, Samina Khalid2, Hamza Latif1, Aqsa Amjad1, Nahdia Perveen1, Emaan Sajid1
...ed 100% mortality in the immature stage within 72 hours of the application of higher concentrations (6.0%), while a higher concentration of clove oil resulted in 88.0% larval mortality within 96 hours. Probit analysis demonstrated that cinnamon oil had the lowest LC50 values across all time intervals, indicating the highest potency in killing T. castaneum. Clove oil also had a relatively low LC50 value compared to orange and lemon oil. Furthermore, cinnamon an...
Anwar Ali1, Saz Muhammad2, Zakir Hussain3, Khadim Abbas4 and Kiramat Husain5
...ost of the trees fall in immature (90.61%) and sub-mature (8.96%) development stages. On the other hand, mature tree are almost absent as only 0.43% of the trees are mature. The total growing stock in the forest of Skardu District is estimated at 73,068 m3 (2,579,327 cft) with an average of 12.99±2.21 m3/ha (95% CI). The future growing stock for 2026 is estimated at 143,887 m3 with average of 25.58 m3/ha. Annual i...
Anwar Ali1, Muhammad Ismail2 and Kiramat Husain3
...ost of the trees fall in immature (38%) and sub-mature (44%) development stages. On the other hand, 14% of the trees are mature and 3.64% are over-mature which together constitute 18%. The current total growing stock in the forest of Astore District is estimated at 7,165,012 m3 with an average of 327.60±31.81 m3/ha. The total timber in the forests of District Astore is estimated at 6,010,475 m3 with average of 274.81 m3...
Anwar Ali, Muhmmad Ayaz, Saz Muhammad
...65% of the trees fall in immature class followed by sub-mature with 18% sample trees. Thus, about 83% of the trees are young and sub-mature and about 17% of the sample trees are mature. This shows that sufficient mature trees are available in Kaghan Valley. In coniferous species, about 65% of the trees fall in young and 22% fall in sub-mature stages whereas only 13% are mature. Highest percentage of mature trees are present in spruce (17%) followed by fir (15%...
Tariq Ahmed Keerio1*, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1, Ahmed Naqi Shah1, Muhammad Ibrahim Keerio2, Ghulam Murtaza Jamro3
...l of sorghum
immature and mature plant extracts under various seed rates on weeds density and yield
of m aize cultivar Dadu Maize I The experiment includes different we ed control practices
i.e., control (No weeding) weeding), various levels of sorghum immature and mature plant extracts
herbicides and hand weeding under various seed rates (20, 25, 30 and 35 kg per ha )).
... 
Kouakou Yadom Yao François-Regis*, Kra Kouamé Daniel and Atta Diallo Hortense
...ere prepared. These were immature (ILV) and mature (MLV) leaves from vegetative plants and immature (ILF) and mature (MLF) leaves from flowering plants. The fifth type (ATL), a mixture of all leaf types, was used as a control. Second-stage juveniles and eggs of M. incognita were exposed to extracts for 72 hours and 10 days, respectively. Egg-hatching inhibition and juvenile mortality were used to evaluate the in vitro effica...
Che Ku Nur Ain Mardhiah Che Ku Azman and Norlia Muhamad*
...on kinetics of the dried immature Melon Manis Terengganu (MMT) using a hot air dryer at four different temperatures (40, 50, 60, and 70 °C). Drying kinetics is very helpful as it can design and optimize thermal processes to maximize the quality of dried products. The immature MMT was immersed in 0.2% sodium metabisulfite before drying. The sample was weighed in 60 min intervals until it reached the equilibrium condi...
Maryam Ali Mohammed, Ahlam A. Al-Rikaby*
...forty healthy male rats (immature) were randomly divided into two groups; First group (n = 10; control) acted as healthy male rats and received 0.5 ml of dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) intraperitonially (I.P). The second group (Zinc deficiency group) consisted of 30 male rats; received single adose of 1,10 phenanthroline 30 mg/kg dissolved in 0.5 ml dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) I.P. After 12 h-fasting, zinc deficiency was determined by measuring the serum zinc level...
Amir Javed1, Seema Shafique1, Shabir Ali Amir2 and Pirzada J.A. Siddiqui1,3*
...ggests that juvenile and immature individuals of all shark species are being caught as a by-catch of other targeted fishery. Twenty-six years landing data of elasmobranchs in Pakistan during the period from 1993 to 2019 revealed decreasing trend in the catch, the highest being in 1999 (54,959 metric tonnes) and the lowest during 2019 (5,793 metric tons). Majority of the shark species (85% of total) in the landing are listed as CR, EN, NT or VU, and two species...
Damhuri Damhuri1*, La Ode Muh. Munadi2, Lili Darlian1 and Sitti Wirdhana Ahmad3
...ness of plant species in immature oil palm plantation areas in Kolaka Regency. The study area is 7.698,46 hectares, with 2.732,91 hectares of immature oil palm plants. The study was conducted for eight months, from January to August 2024, in two main sub-districts, namely Tanggetada and Watubangga. Data were collected through field observation methods with exploration and sampling using the transect method to identify plant ...
Manal Hameed Raheem*, Hanaa Enayaa Mahood
... Red Bull and Monster on immature male rats. The analysis focused on cardiac enzyme activity, electrolyte ion levels, and oxidative stress markers. Forty male albino rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8 per group): one control group and four treatment groups receiving either a standard or double oral dose of Red Bull or Monster (3.57 mL/kg and 7.14 mL/kg body weight) for 45 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected to measure serum levels of...
Hadi Awad Hassooni1, Safaa Sabbar Atiyah2*, Alaa S. J. Mohamed1
...us cells across atretic, immature, and mature stages. The study also examined some physiological traits of Awassi sheep and assessed the potential for early genetic selection based on these traits. Sequencing analysis of a 634 base pair (bp) segment of the GDF9 gene revealed a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), where guanine (G) was replaced with adenine (A) at position 205. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were observed in the percentage of
