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Iqra Mahmood1, Asif Nadeem1*, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali1, Maryam Javed1, Aisha Siddiqa1, Tanveer Hussain2 and Muhammad Tariq Pervez2

...rformed to find mastitis resistant genes, which helped us to identify prime genes of mammary gland that are more resistant to mastitis, and analysis of those resistant genes helped to find the solution of mastitis and immunity related diseases.

...ry, 10 highly antibiotic resistant strains were subjected to morphological, physiological and biochemical characterization. 16SrRNA sequencing was performed to identify three highly resistant strains at species level. Antimicrobial activity of aqueous and methanolic plant extracts of Camellia sinensis (Green tea), Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) and Mentha piperita (Peppermint) was evaluated against identified isolates. Agar wel...

Fida Mohammad, O.S. Abdalla, Sheraz Ahmed, Fakharuddin and S. Rajaram

...d to be a rich source of resistant genes for stresses including drought and rusts. To evaluate the grain yield and related yield components of synthetic derived bread wheat lines under different moisture levels, this research was conducted during 2006-07 in the field conditions of Tel Hadya and Breda i.e. the leading research venues of International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Syria. The experimental material comprised of forty ...

Sana Irshad Khan1*, Zafar Iqbal2, Hamid Ullah Shah2 and Shaukat Hussain3

...el antibiotics to combat resistant pathogens.

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Sidra Ilyas1, Abdul Rehman1* and Qasim Ilyas2
...t-align: justify;">Metal-resistant yeast strain, Candida sp. PS33, isolated from industrial wastewater showed tolerance to Pb (upto 35 mM), As (upto 29 mM), Cu (upto 23 mM), Cd (upto 11 mM) and Cr (upto 8 mM). Exposure to heavy metals at 0.1 mM for 2 days showed a remarkable increase in glutathione (GSH) level after As and Pb treatment in contrast to Cd, Cr and Cu exposure. GSH: GSSG ratio declined after As, Pb and Cr treatment, whereas non-protein thio...
Muhammad Afzal1,Naveeda Akhtar Qureshi1,*, Khalid Zamir Rasib2 and Irfan Hussain1
...erved most palatable and resistant wood species, respectively, in no-choice laboratory and field trials. Five different wooden pairs were evaluated in choice bioassays in laboratory and field conditions. In force feeding field bioassays, least mass loss was recorded on D. sissoo (0.19±0.07g) and maximum on P. euramericana (1.50.1g). Under choice laboratory trials, maximum mass loss difference was recorded on pair of P. euramericana ...
Zafrullah Khan1, Shah Alam Khan1*, Hamayoon Khan2, Naeem Khan3, Khwaja Junaid1 and Inamullah Khan1
...wheat cultivars that are resistant to the attack of R. padi have been incorporated in the commercial wheat cultivars to help manage R. padi. During this study seven wheat genotypes were evaluated as antixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance. These tested genotypes were (Pir Sabaq-2004, Atta-Habib, Saleem-2000, Serin-2010, Khyber-87, Sarhad-82, and Khushal-69) in three separate experiments. Antibiosis resistance was identified to R. padi in whe...
Amjad Islam Aqib1, Muhammad Ijaz1,*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Aftab Ahmad Anjum2, Riaz Hussain3, Saba Sana2, Shahid Hussain Farooqi1, Kashif Hussain1 and Syed Saleem Ahmad1
...ious pathogen and widely resistant to antimicrobials camel mastitogen. The risk factors were found soul determinants of pathogen spread among mammary glands of camels.
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Waqar Islam*1, 2, Madiha Zaynab3, Muhammad Qasim2 and Zujian Wu1,2
...stance to generate virus resistant cultivars for economically important crops through molecular breeding techniques via utilizing advanced molecular markers involving cis and trans genetics. The review adhere recent research findings regarding disease resistance against viral diseases and concludes via shedding light upon the future prospects in this exciting field of research.
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Waqar Islam

...ing utilization of virus resistant crops and efficient management of insect vectors can reduce this disastrous problem. However, in developing countries such strategies are rarely applied due to lack of farmer’s knowledge about plant virus diseases. Therefore, here we reviewed about this issue by highlighting that what farmers know about plant viruses, what is their perception about yield losses by virus diseases and what management strategies they choos...
Syed Ishfaq Ali Shah1,*, Tassawar Hussain Malik2, Imran Rafi Khan1 and Zahid Hussain
...fter screening, the most resistant accessions of USDA were USG-14-2464 and USG-14-2478. However, USG-14-2481 and USG-14-2484 were recorded as partially resistant to CLCuV disease. Among the local germplasms, all accessions screened were found extremely susceptible. Disease index increased with day after planting (DAP) and high infestation level of whiteflies as it was positive and non-significantly correlated with DAP and wh...

Zia Ur Rahman1*, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1, Hidayat Ur Rahman1, Fida Mohammad1, Mian Ahmad Raza1 and Ijaz Ahmad Khan2

...isease. The use of these resistant rice accessions are, therefore, recommended for deploying bacterial leaf blight resistant genes into commercial rice cultivars.

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Bijan Kumar Das

Incidence of Aleurocanthus spp. (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera) on betelvine (Piper betle L.) and their interaction with host plants
...hari] exhibited moderate resistant reaction against A. rugosa. Awani Pan (Piper hamiltonii) exhibited resistance against A. rugosa. Keywords: Betelvine, Piper betle, Aleurocanthus, insect plant interaction

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M. S. A. Mamun and M. Ahmed

Integrated pest management in tea: prospects and future strategies in Bangladesh
...ts and selection of pest resistant/tolerant varieties and mechanical mechanisms like manual removal, heat treatments, light traps, use of bio-pesticides, bio-control agents and sex pheromone trap need to be given more importance in pest management programme. A tentative IPM strategy for tea cultivation in Bangladesh has been proposed in this paper. Thus the proposed integrated pest management (IPM) strategy should help tea industry for successful long lasting ...

M. S. Joshi , D.M. Sawant and A.P. Gaikwad

Isolate variations in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides infecting pomegranate
...thin skin showed uniform resistant reaction against six isolates of the pathogen. The interaction between isolates x varieties was also statistically significant. Highest DRI (15.22) was recorded in the interaction between Bhagwa x Cg 85 and it was on par with Ganesh x Cg 86, Aarakta x Cg 82, Aarakta x Cg 84, Ruby X Cg 86, Patna 5 X Cg 86 and Patna 5 X Cg 82.

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A. K. Ganguly and Uma Rao

Decades of researches in biochemical and molecular nematology at IARI
...g program for developing resistant varieties and other purposes like regulatory and nematode diagnostics. Attempts have also been to made to understand the molecular signaling events during compatible plant nematode interactions by identifying the genes during the transition from preparasitic to parasitic stage in ear cockle nematode and molya disease of wheat. Currently attempts are being made to utilize RNAi technology to identify the genes targets for the m...

Amitava Konar and N. Johnson Singh

Occurrence of aphids on various potato germplasms in eastern gangetic plains of West Bengal
...sms of potato were quite resistant. Therefore, it may be inferred that Kufri Chipsona-1, Kufri Chopsona-2 and Atlantic needed only one or two insecticide application at 15 days interval during late January to protect the crop against the aphids while other varieties will require insecticide spraying during early January onwards to manage the crop from the infestation of aphids..
 

 

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Muhammad Mansoor1, Amanullah1, Zafar Islam2*,Sher Muhammad3, Muhammad Umair4, Mehmood Ayaz5, Asghar Ali Khan6, Muhammad Asif2 and Ya Sakina3
..., high yielding and MYMV resistant) at Agricultural Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan. Inqalab Mung was tested in various experiments for production technology and yield trials for its performance. Result showed that 40 kg ha-1 seed rate with 30 cm row spacing, fertilizer dose @ 20:50 kg ha-1 N:P2O5 and inoculation with rhizobium strain Vm M1 were optimal for its maximum yield. Inqalab Mung outclassed among all ca...
Adnan Yousaf1,Jia Wu1, Qaiser Shakeel2, Yasir Iftikhar3, Muhammad Irfan Ullah4, Uzma Tahira5,Mustansar Mubeen1 and Wubei Dong1,*
...able chili cultivars are resistant to attack from M. incognita and S. rolfsii. The moderate tolerance was found in C-302 followed by 5-2010 and 28-2010. The most susceptible cultivar (C-33) was selected for further evaluation of management sources. All three management sources were applied individually as well as in combination. After six weeks, all treatments showed better results but there was no significantly difference in set of plants treate...
Kulsoom Akhter1, Tahseen Ghous1,2,Saiqa Andleeb3,*, Faiz-ul-Hassan Nasim4, Samina Ejaz5, Zain-ul-Abdin1, Bilal Ahmed Khan1 and Muhammed Naeem Ahmed1
...e indigenous heavy metal resistant bacteria isolated from rhizosphere of Tagetes minuta, growing in soil adjoining automobile workshops to investigate their bioaccumulation capacity for three selected metals Cr(VI), Ni(II) and Cd(II). The plant was selected due to its natural abundance in the climate of Kashmir and also in the area of study. On the basis of morphological, biochemical, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the isolates were identified as B. cereu...
Muhammad Usman Qamar1, 2, Sidrah Saleem1, Usman Arshad1, Muhammad Farhan Rasheed3, Hasan Ejaz4, Naveed Shahzad5 and Shah Jahan6,*
...total of five carbapenem resistant bacterial species; E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa, were isolated and identified using VITEK 2 compact system. Carbapenamase and metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) production by these isolates was confirmed by modified Hodge’s test and disc potentiation method, respectively. The blaNDM-1genewas amplified by PCR and sequenced. MIC of different antibiotics wer...

Zaheer Abbas*, Shaukat Ali, Jalal-Ud-Din and Ghulam M. Ali

...he survival of kanamycin resistant calli on selection medium by 93.97%. Agropine strain (EHA101) of Agrobacterium was found 25.67% more effective than octopine strain (LBA4404). The intensity of GUS expression was also enhanced with EHA101 compared to LBA4404. The maize genetic transformation protocol developed in this study will possibly improve the efficiency to produce new transgenic maize lines expressing desirable agronomic characteristics. 

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Xue-yang Wang1, Shang-zhi Zhang1, Ming-hui Liu2, Dong Yu1, Yan Ma1, Dong-qiong Fei1, Hai-zhong Yu1 and Jia-ping Xu1,*
...ed in the midgut of A35 (resistant strain). The expression levels of BmARM-like protein showed similar trends with transcriptional levels in the midgut following BmNPV infection. Based on the analysis above, we speculated that BmARM-like is involved in response against BmNPV infection.
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Mahreen Yahya, Noor Abid Saeed*, Sajid Nadeem, Muhammad Hamed and Sajid Shokat 
...ain production. Planting resistant/tolerant varieties against pests is the main way to overcome these field losses. Present study is an effort to screen different wheat varieties/lines against aphids under field conditions. Wheat varieties, Galaxy-13, Millat-11, Lasani-08, Faisalabad-08, and two wheat lines NW-1-8183-8 and NW-3-3341-7 were sown at Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad during the crop season 2015-2016. The aphid infes...
Pei-feng Yin1,2,Xiu-xiu Li1,Qi-wei Zeng3, Cheng-chen Shen1, Le Gao1 andJian-zhang Ton2,*
...corn disease and disease-resistant molecular breeding in mulberry.
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Ajmal Khan Kassi1,*, Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
...ces of chemicals, use of resistant cultivars can prove one of the effective and reliable alternative approaches for the management of this pest. As the information regarding resistant cultivars is lacking, therefore, the objective of the present study was to identify resistant sources from among the available commercial okra cultivars. Okra cultivars showed significant variations from comp...
Muhammad Nabeel,1,* Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
...ome cultivars were found resistant to the borer infestation and are recommended for cultivation.
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 Asma Akhtar, Abdul Rehman

...was to isolate tellurite resistant acteria from industrial wastewater. Two bacterial isolates were identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus lactis on the basis of biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequence. The minimum inhibitory concentration of both isolates showed fair growth up to 1 mM of K2Te2O3. Both strains showed maximum growth at 37ºC and pH of 7. The bacterial growth in the presence of metal ions was delayed as compared to the co...

Aqsa Waqar1, Sahir Hameed Khattak2, Sania Begum2*, Tayyaba Rehman1, Rabia1, Armghan Shehzad2, Wajya Ajmal2, Syeda Shahdana Zia2, Iqra Siddiqi2 and Ghulam Muhammad Ali2* 

...and subsequently develop resistant varieties with an aim to shorten the disease cycle. One of the quickest ways in this direction is the designing molecular markers for non-race-specific resistance genes. Use of molecular markers is efficient tool for screening diversity of rust genes in wheat germplasm and can facilitate the integration of multiple genes into wheat by pyramiding and transformation. This review discusses information regarding rust disease and ...

Muhammad Yahya Noori1*, Saharish Rizwan2, Zaheer Ali3 and Shaheen Sharafat4 

...suffering from Multidrug resistant (MDR) Tuberculosis by assessing their contact information. Data were obtained and analyzed from 164 individuals suffering from MDR TB. Records were scanned to evaluate the presence of a close contact with known history of Tuberculosis. Tabulations and analysis were performed in Microsoft Excel® and online calculators. Analysis of contact data showed that only 36% of the patients had a close contact with a known Tuberculos...
Mahboob Ali1, Muhammad Avais1, Riaz Hussain2, Kashif Prince1,*, Muhammad Ijaz1, Mamoona Chaudhry 3, Sehrish Firyal4, Amjad Islam Aqib1, Naimat Ullah Khan5 , Mian Saeed Sarwar5, Hazrat Ali5, Shahid Hussain Farooqi1, Ikramul Haq1 and Muhammad Sajid Hasni3
...merging as multiple drug resistant (MDR) pathogens in milk of camels with characteristically zoonotic potential. Current study was planned to investigate epidemiology of MDR S. aureus in camel milk, and in-vitro therapeutic response to drugs. Two different ecological zones, Cholistan (n=185) and Suleiman Range (n=177) of Pakistan having major population of camel were screened for subclinical mastitis using California mastitis test using convenien...

A. R. Rattu, M. Fayyaz, I. Ahmad, M. A. Akhtar* A. A. Hakro and K. A. Khanzada**

... seeding date were found resistant to both leaf and yellow rusts and showed desirable Relative Resistance Index (RRI) during 2003-04 and 2004-05. In addition, two of these lines, 7-03 and RWM-9313 from seeding date were also found resistant to yellow and leaf rust, respectively. Out of remaining 20 candidate lines, 8 (4 from seeding date, 4 from rainfed) showed desirable RRI for both rusts in 2004-05. These lines will remain...

Naheed Akhtar, Azra Nasim*, Ata ul Mohsin**, Muhammad Ashfaque, Shaheena Yasmin, Ghulam Jilani, Afzala Tashfeen, Waseem Ahmed Gilani, Irshad Begum* and Muhammad Munir***

...o three categories i.e., resistant, moderately resistant and susceptible. Data from seedling bulk tests showed that five wheat lines namely V- 01078, V-00055, KT-7, V-01180 and DN-47 were resistant with damage rating of 2- 3. Twelve wheat lines/varieties, 99B4012, 99B2278, V-9021, V-002493, Wafaq 2001, PR-84, TW0135, CT-00062, 7-03, PR-86, V-02192 and Chakwal 97 were found moderately

Ata-ul-Mohsin*, Ehsan-ul-Haq** and Muhammad Naeemullah*

...s applied to a partially resistant wheat cultivar “Rapier” did not have a significant effect on the growth and development of the aphid or its parasitoid. However, the mean fecundity of the parasitoid was higher on plants with high phosphorus than those treated with high calcium concentrations.

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Naheed Akhtar, Noreen Moin, Ghulam Jilani*, Ata ul Mohsin**, Shaheena Yasmin, Afzala Tashfeen*, Munir Goraya**** and Irshad Begum*

...eat), V-5 line was found resistant and NRL-2017 line was found susceptible to Rhopalosiphum padi. The results of Antixenosis Test indicated that two wheat lines, V-5 and PR-83 were least preferred and three lines viz., NRL-2017, V-00055 and V-00BT004 were highly preferred by the test insect. The results of Antibiosis Test showed that PR-83 line was least fecund whereas NR-241 and V-00055 lines were highly fecund. The results of Tolerance Test indicated that fo...

 Naheed Akhtar, Muhammad Ashfaque, Waseem Ahmad Gillani*, Ata-ul-Mohsin**, Afzala Tashfeen and Irshad Begum*

...ng bulk test to know the resistant, moderately resistant and susceptible wheat varieties/ lines. These results revealed that varieties Diamond and Margalla-99 and lines V-99022, 99B2278 and 7-03 were partially resistant, two lines V-00125 and SD-66 were susceptible and three varieties and ten lines were moderately resistant in seedling bulk test. For ant...

 Naheed Akhtar, Waseem A. Gillani, Ehsan ul Haq, Javed Khan, Irshad Begum, Shaheena Yasmin* and Kamran Saeed**

...t method for finding out resistant, moderately resistant and susceptible entries. The entry B-99036 was found to be resistant. Further studies were conducted to determine the mechanisms of resistance like antixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance. Results indicated that the entry B-00080 had antibiosis and B-99036 was the tolerant one. So, on the basis of present studies the entry having high ...

 Habib Iqbal Javed, Ashiq Saleem, Javed Fateh, Mozammil Hussain, Naheed Akhtar and Shamim-ul-Sibtain Shah*

DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANT MAIZE GERMPLASM
..., 8 of the comparatively resistant germplasm showed no leaf damage while 9 others had 7.10 - 44.7% infestation. In checks, the infestation was from 27.9 to 100.0%. The selected materials were again maintained by self pollination to make pure lines. During autumn 2001, selected material was screened under double artificial infestation, first at 3-4 leaf stage of the crop and the second 10 days after first infestation with 15 newly hatched larvae per plant every...

 Naheed Akhtar, Yasmin Ahmad, Muhammad Shakeel, Waseem Ahmad Gillani, Javed Khan, Tahira Yasmin and Irshad Begum*

RESISTANCE IN PEARL MILLET GERMPLASM TO GREENBUG, SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM (RONDANI)
... entries tested, 21 were resistant, 69 were moderately resistant and 45 were susceptible to greenbug feeding. The resistant entries were: C-591, Pak-75211, Pak- 75212, Pak-75219, Pak-75194, Pak-75227, Pak-75238 Pak-75272, Pak- 75276, WCA-78, C-47, Pak-75322, Pak-75323, Pak-75329, Pak-75331, Pak- 75334, Pak-75337, Pak-75338, Pak- 75339, Pak-75353 and Pak-75359. The entries

 Naheed Akhtar*, Awais Iqbal**, Habib Iqbal Javed*, Javed Khan*, Muhammad Riaz*, Waseem Ahmad Gillani*, Tariq Mahmood*, Awais Rasool* and Tahira Yasmin*

EVALUATION OF RECOMMENDED WHEAT VARIETIES FOR RESISTANCE AGAINST SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM (RONDANI) (APHIDIDAE: HOMOPTERA) UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS
...d Zarlasta-99 were found resistant in seedling bulk test. Momal-2002 was the least preferred in antixenosis mechanism of resistance NARC-2009, Momal-2002 and Sulaman-96 were the least fecund in antibiosis mechanism of resistance and TD-1, NARC-2009 and Sussui were highly tolerant in tolerance mechanism of resistance. Out of 50 varieties under trial three varieties namely NARC-09, Momal-2002 and TD-1 were recommended as resistant...

 Muhammad Hanif Munawwar*, Asghar Ali* and Shahid Riaz Malik*

IDENTIFICATION OF RESISTANCE IN MUNGBEAN AND MASHBEAN GERMPLASM AGAINST MUNGBEAN YELLOW MOSAIC VIRUS
...n lines, 6 were found as resistant (R) and 35 moderately resistant (MR). Sixteen accessions were graded as susceptible (S) whereas 7 were found highly susceptible (HS). In mashbean, 12 out of 21 accessions were resistant (R) and 8 moderately resistant (MR), whereas, only one was susceptible. Although resistance against MYMV in mungbean and mashbean has b...

 Maqsood Qamar*, S. Dilanawaz Ahmad Gardazi**, Riaz-ud-Din*, Muhammad Sohail* and Syed Haider Abbas*

PARTIAL RESISTANCE TO STRIPE RUST AND ITS EFFECT ON SUSTAINABILITY OF WHEAT YIELD
...tion (IT ≥7), one was resistant (relative AUDPC ≤ 20% of Inqalab 91) and six showed very high resistance levels (relative AUDPC ≤5%). Maximum level of resistance (relative AUDPC = 0.1%) was observed in advanced line, NR 271. The wheat cultivars/lines that showed a slow disease development (low DS and AUDPC), could be considered as -1 partially resistant for stripe rust infection. The yield (2178 kg ha ) of susceptib...

 Frasat Saeed*, Jehanzeb Farooq*, Abid Mahmood**, Tassawar Hussain***, Muhammad Riaz* and Saghir Ahmad****

GENETIC DIVERSITY IN UPLAND COTTON FOR COTTON LEAF CURL VIRUS DISEASE, EARLINESS AND FIBER QUALITY
...the development of CLCuD resistant lines with increased seed cotton and lint yields with desirable fiber quality.

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 Usman Shakoor*, Abdul Saboor*, Irfan Baig*, Anila Afzal** and Abdul Rahman***

CLIMATE VARIABILITY IMPACTS ON RICE CROP PRODUCTION IN PAKISTAN
...Development of varieties resistant to high temperatures as well as droughts will definitely enhance resilience of rice crop in Pakistan. 

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 Riaz Hussain*, Muhammad Riaz**, Mushtaq A. Saleem*** and Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi**

BIOCHEMICAL ABNORMALITIES INDUCED BY ABAMECTIN IN SIXTH INSTAR LARVAE OF THE RED FLOUR BEETLE, TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM (HERBST)
...ere studied on malathion-resistant (PAK) and organophosphate susceptible (FSS-II) strains of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae in the laboratory. The objective was to examine changes in production or activities of carboxylesterase (CE), total esterases (TE), alpha-amylase, glucoamylase, alkaline phosphatase (AkP), acidic phosphatase (AcP), total protein, soluble protein and free amino acids (FAA). The sixth instar larvae of T. cas...

 Riaz Hussain*, Muhammad Riaz** and Mushtaq A. Saleem***

TOXICITIES OF AZADIRACHTIN AND POLYCHLORINATED PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON AGAINST RESISTANT AND SUSCEPTIBLE STRAINS OF TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM (COLEOPTERA: TENEBRIONIDAE) ADULTS
... LC values for malathion-resistant (PAK) and organo- 50 phosphate-susceptible (FSS-II) strains of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) adult beetles were determined through filter paper impregnated method against azadirachtin (Nimbokil 60 EC) and polychlorinated petroleum hydrocarbon (Tenekil 100 EC). The LC values of these insecticides were worked out as 12830 and 50 9331 ppm for azadirachtin and 5148 and 4047 ppm for Ten...

 Said Salman*, Shah Jehan Khan* and Javed Khan**

HETEROSIS AND HETROBELTIOSIS PERFORMANCE OF MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS IN BREAD WHEAT CROSSES UNDER DROUGHT STRESS CONDITIONS
...ts important for drought resistant cultivars.

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 Muhammad Mudasar Aslam ⃰, Muhammad Jamil**, Ijaz Malook**, Amana Khatoon*, Ali Rehman*, Abdur Rahim***, Pirzada Khan*, Shakir Ullah Khan Shakir*, Shahid Irfan*, Faizan Ullah****, Khair Ul Bashar**, Mahideen Afridi** and Shafiq Ur Rehman*

PHYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF CALOTROPIS PROCERA, TAMARIX APHYLLA AND PEGANUM HARMALA ON PLANT GROWTH OF WHEAT AND MUSTARD
...while mustard seeds were resistant and were affected by higher dilutions (15%, 20% and 25%) of all plant extracts. Roots of both wheat and mustard were highly affected by plant aqueous extracts at all concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) but shoots were inhibited by higher concentrations (20% and 25%). This study revealed that wheat is more sensitive to different plant extracts as compared to mustard. It is thus concluded that inhibitory effect increases...

 Tasawar Sultana*, Farah Deeba* and S.M. Saqlan Naqvi*

HIGH-THROUGHPUT AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION OF MEDICAGO TRUNCATULA IN COMPARISON TO TWO EXPRESSION VECTORS
...nts generated hygromycin resistant plantlet for instance, 18.3 with pGOsRGLP1 vector as compared to 35.5% with pCOsRGLP1 vector. Transformation efficiency of PCR positive plants generated was 9.4% for pGOsRGLP1 while 21.6% for pCOsRGLP1. Furthermore 24.4% of explants -1 generated antibiotic resistant plantlet on 20 mgl of hygromycin which was -1 higher than on 15mgl of hygromycin such as 12.2%. T progeny analysis 1 indicated...

 Ishaq Ahmad*, Abdul Rehman**, Ehsan –Ul- Haq*** and Arif Mahmood****

RESISTANCE RESPONSE OF RICE ( L.) GERMPLASM AGAINST RICE LEAF FOLDER ( G.) UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITION IN PAKISTAN
...3-4-1-3-1 was moderately resistant, seven genotypes were moderately susceptible, eleven genotypes found susceptible and seven genotypes were highly susceptible. The present study will facilitate the breeders in the development of leaf folder resistant varieties in future.

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Basharat Hussain Shah*, F. S. Hamid*, Shams ul Islam*, Fayaz Ahmad*, Sohail Aslam*, and Noorullah Khan*

EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PEA (PISUM SATIVUM L.) GENOTYPES FOR YIELD AND OTHER ATTRIBUTES AT SHINKIARI, MANSEHRA
... susceptible and 9375 as resistant. The other varieties/lines Pea-09, Climax, Local and PF-400 were found tolerant against this disease. Green pod yield per hectare data revealed that pea variety 'Climax' produced the highest yield (11.6 t ha-1) followed by advance lines PF-400 (11.5 t ha-1) and 9375 (9.9 t ha-1), respectively. The lowest yield (2.1 t ha-1) was recorded for 'Meteor' which was also found susceptible against root rot disease. Based on our findin...

Sher Nawab Khan* and Ghulam Hassan 

...ttern to identify aphids resistant genotypes under irrigated and rainfed conditions. Number of aphids tiller-1 revealed highly significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) among the genotypes. Under irrigated condition genotypes PJ-11×Lal-13, Tat-96×Lal-13, JB×Lal-13, AH×PS-05 and PS-13×Lal-13 were comparatively resistant with low aphids density while genotype PJ-11×PS-05 and KW were most suscept...
Ghulam Muhae-ud-Din1,4, Anam Moosa1, Umer Farooq Ghummen1, Muhammad Jabran1, Amjad Abbas1, Muhammad Naveed2, Abdul Jabbar1 and Muhammad Amjad Ali1,3,*
...icas were moderately resistant, Cordyline fruticosa, Hibiscus syriacus and Carrisa macrocarpa were moderately susceptible, Murraya paniculata and Ficus benjamina were susceptible, F. elastica, Artemissia stelleriana and Duranta repens were highly susceptible to M. incognita infection according to a well established 0-4 galling scale.  The highest galling index and reproductivity of nematod...

Safdar Ali1*, Obaidullah Shafique1, Tariq Mahmood2, Muhammad Amir Hanif1, Ijaz Ahmed3 and Bashir Ahmad Khan

...he development of insect-resistant varieties by DNA transfer in the plants or nanoparticle-mediated gene. Biofuel production from biomass is estimated to speed up using nanotechnology. Researchers and manufacturers have to demonstrate that the application of nanotechnologies have no harmful effect on the atmosphere against the anomaly based only on small amounts of toxicological research and concerns about the safety of nanomaterials.

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Aqeela Ashraf1,2,*, Muhammad Imran1 and Yung-Fu Chang2
...at 100% of isolates were resistant to penicillin, 54% to ampicillin, 44% to tetracycline and 30% to streptomycin, while none of them was resistant to chloramphenicol. These E. coli isolates carried one or more antimicrobial resistance genes. Genes present with highest frequency were tetA (42%), tetB (28%) and ampC (26%). Fewer E. coli isolates carried tetD (10%), tetE (8%) and...
Ambrina Hafiz1, Tanzeela Riaz2 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1,*

 

...sterases in deltamethrin-resistant populations of Trogoderma granarium collected from some godowns of Punjab. The level of various esterases like total esterases, cholinesterase, acetylcholinesterase, arylesterase and carboxylesterase in 4th, 6th instar larvae and adult beetles of deltamethrin-resistant populations’ viz., Gujranwala, Okara and D.G. Khan was significantly incre...
Muhammad Zameer Kayani1,*and Tariq Mukhtar2
...chemical approaches, and resistant cultivars can prove a promising substitute. For their fitness as nematode-suppressive crops, the reproductive and developmental rates of the nematode must be assessed on these cultivars. As there is meager information on the reproductive potential of Meloidogyne incognita on different cucumber cultivars commonly cultivated in Pakistan, therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the reproductivity of ...
Muhammad Kashif Munir1*, Sana Rehman1, Rizwan Iqbal1, Muhammad Saqib Saeed2, Muhammad Aasim1
...us disease and multidrug resistant tuberculosis is an emerging global issue. Rapid detection of such type of tuberculosis is necessary for timely control of the disease. GeneXpert test has already been implemented by World Health Organization to diagnose the infection on urgent basis.
Objectives: This study was designed to apply GeneXpert MTB/RIF assays for the detection of rifampicin resistant tuberculosi...
Sahar Naz1, Farhan Rasheed2, Muhammad Saeed3*, Shagufta Iram4 and Ambereen Anwar Imran5
...ext day every carbapenem-resistant isolate were further processed for MβL detection by EDTA method, zone size of Carbapenem disc only and Carbapenem disc impregnated with EDTA was compared ( >7 mm increase MβL positive, 0-5 mm increase MβL-negative).
Results: Out of total 12126 samples, 35.9% (n=4361) were culture positive and only 40.5% (n=1770) were Gram negative rods. Of these 9.6% (n=170) were Carbapenem-

G. Venkatesan* and Amit Kumar  

... namely Viral interferon resistant (VIR) and GM-CSF/IL2 inhibition factor (GIF) genes and or host specific namely vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-E) and viral IL-10 genes. ORFV can cause high morbidity in adults along with considerable mortality in young suckling animals and showing an expanding host range even to marine species make this contagious virus, an important animal pathogen globally. Being zoonotic and endemic in most parts of the developin...
Muhammad Sarfraz*, Shahida Hasnain
... E. coli and were resistant (<18 mm) to FOX. Phenotypic confirmation of pAmpC beta-lactamases was done using inhibitory based method and confirmed 46% K. pneumoniae and 8% E. coli pAmpC positive. A variable resistance pattern was seen in both pAmpC beta-lactamases producing K. pneumoniae and E. coli for Amikacin, Gentamicin, Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Imipenem, Meropenem, Pipracillin-Tazobactam, Cefoperazone-Sulbactam an...

 

Syed Aun Muhammad1, Muhammad Soaib Said2, Shams Ur Rehman2, Muhammad Dawood2, Muneer Ahmed Qazi3 and Nighat Fatima2,*
...st these emerging highly resistant microorganisms. The existing beta lactamase inhibitors are considered ineffective against these superbugs and there is an urgent need for discovery of novel drugs with selective potential. In this study, we illuminate the binding mode of pimarane diterpenes (diaporthein A and diaporthein B) to the NMD-1 by molecular docking. A computational ligand-target docking approach was used to analyze structural complexes of enzyme targ...
Safia Rehman1, Nazish Mazhar Ali1,*, Gerald B. Pier2, Iram Liaqat1 and Bushra Mazhar1
...that the growth of these resistant P. aeruginosa strains was significantly inhibited in the presence of Lactobacilli spp. and nanoparticles of silver, zinc and ferric oxide at a concentration of 12, 200 and 1µg/ml, respectively. This study may help in the development of chemotherapeutic methods against multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens in chronic and acute lung infections. It provides a practical ap...

Ghulam Abbas1, Khalid Pervez Akhtar1, Muhammad Ahsan2, Muhammad Jawad Asghar1, Fiaz Ahmad1 and Muhammad Rizwan3* 

... in Pakistan. The use of resistant varieties is the only way to reduce the losses caused by YMD. Resistant sources had already been reported in mungbean, but no such information seems to be available for mung × mash interspecific recombinants. In this study, 72 mung × mash interspecific recombinant genotypes and a susceptible mungbean variety Mung Kabuli were screened against Yellow Mosaic Disease (YMD) using dis...
Arifa Mehreen1, Iram Liaqat2,Muhammad Arshad3, Muzzamil Waheed4 and Najma Arshad1,*
... against most prevailing resistant and virulent strains. With this background, this study was designed to characterize Staphylococcus aureus, the most common pathogen,using conventional microbiological and molecular methods. The agar disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility. Virulence-associated genes were detected using PCR while association analysis was used to test the likelihood of strains carrying combinations of gen...

Asinamai Athliamai Bitrus1*, Olabode Mayowa Peter2, Muhammad Adamu Abbas3 and Mohammed Dauda Goni

...40-ties, when penicillin resistant S. aureus was first reported. Ever since, this pathogen has gain global notoriety as the most common cause of nosocomial, community and livestock associated infection. The mechanism of resistance development in bacteria involved the integration of a complex systems that included the efflux pump, alteration of drug target site, enzymatic inactivation and, mutation in drug target site and gene acquisition of resistance determin...
Junaid Akhtar1,2, Sidrah Saleem1, Naveed Shahzad3, Abdul Waheed1, Iqra Jameel1, Farhan Rasheed4 and Shah Jahan5,*
...ant genes in carbapenems resistant isolates was also evaluated. The carbapenemase and β-lactamases production were evaluated by Modified Hodge test (MHT) and combined disks diffusion (CDD) method, respectively. The MBL producing clinical isolates were further subjected to PCR for the existence of blaIMP and blaVIM genes. The carbapenem resistant A. baumannii (n=32), P.aerugi...

Yasir Ali1*, Muhammad Aslam Khan1, Muhammad Atiq1 and Muhammad Hussain2

...evelop non-specific rust resistant wheat varieties through gene pyramiding or marker assisted breeding 

...
Nimra Naseer, Adeela Fatima and Imran Sajid*
...ing problem of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens, there is a demand of novel biological active compounds to replace currently used antibiotics in order to evade resistance. Currently, the pathogenic organisms of concern are methicillin and vancomycin resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter spp., extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) producing strains of Escherichia coli, Kleb...

Umair Riaz1*, Muhammad Ali Kharal2, Ghulam Murtaza3, Qamar uz Zaman4, Sana Javaid4, Hina Ahmed Malik3, Humera Aziz3 and Zafar Abbas1 

...l walls and plant become resistant to ion toxicity sodium and heavy metal stress. It also reconciles the absorption of high energy radiations in mesophyll cells under drought stress, mechanism involves the production of ferulic acid through the methylation of caffeic acid catalyzed by O-methyltransferase. It has been concluded that exogenous application of cafeic acid may be a best option to cope with salinity, ion toxicity, drought and heavy metal stress.&nbs...

Nadia Khan1*, Abdul Waheed1, Farrukh Siyar Hamid1, Naveed Ahmed1, Zafar Iqbal2, Seemab Ali1, Madiha Bashir1 and Hina Gul3  

... sp. and E. coli exhibit resistant to the oil extract while Xanthomonas sp. displayed nil results. The present study thus reveals that either the used bacterial species are more resistant strains or the oil extract does not possess anti-pathogenic agent against tested bacterial species. 

...
Amjad Islam Aqib1,*, Shagufta Nighat2, Rais Ahmed3, Saba Sana3, Muhammad Ameen Jamal4, Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar2 , Naimat Ullah Khan5, Mian Saeed Sarwar5, Muhammad Asif Hussain5, Asadullah5, Attaur Rahman5 and Sadeeq ur Rahman5,*
...NS were found multi-drug resistant-exhibiting resistance against more than two or more than two classes of drugs. None of the CPS while 20 % from CNS isolates were 100% susceptible to all kinds of drugs tested. Finally, age, grazing system, use of beta-lactam antibiotics, parity, and poor hygiene were potential risk factors. Altogether, the study concluded high incidence of SCM and isolation rate of staphylococci that were found

 Nazish Mazhar Ali1, Saiqa Andleeb2, Bushra Mazhar1, Anum Imtiaz1, Shaukat Ali2*

Assessment of antibiogram and resistogram of pathogenic bacteria isolated from irrigated wheat field water
...enic bacteria are highly resistant to heavy metals.

...

 Tanzeela Riaz*†, Farah Rauf Shakoori, Syed Shahid Ali

Toxicity of phosphine against tolerant and susceptible populations of Trogoderma granarium collected from Punjab, Pakistan
...dult beetle in phosphine resistant populations viz., Gujranwala, Mandi Bahauddin-I (M.B.Din-I), Mandi Bahauddin-II (M.B.Din-II),Gujrat and Sargodha and a susceptible population of T. granarium. The 4th

Muhammad Salman Wazir and Mohammad Akmal 

...hat it minimized lodging resistant of intercrop over sole wheat and that wheat intercrop with fababean has a potential to harvest quality grains with sustainable soil management at wheat – maize cropping system 

...

Ateeq ur Rehman1, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Ummad-ud-Din Umar1, Muhammad Irfan Zafar1, Faqeer Hussain2, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar3 and Azhar Ali Khan3 

...ome varieties were found resistant some were found moderately resistant while some were in susceptible response against the both rust disease. No variety was found to be resistant at all against the rust pathosystems. Correspondingly, in the results of yellow rust some varieties were found resistant and some were found to be the most susceptible on the r...
Ajmal Khan Kassi1*, Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2 
... was found comparatively resistant against the pest. The correlation between fruit infestation and larval population and different environmental factors was also studied. Average relative humidity was found positive and significantly correlated with fruit infestation. Average precipitation showed positive but non-significant correlation in case of all the cultivars except Singhnath 666 which was positive and significant. On the other hand, average temperature ...

Sonia1, Khuram Nawaz Sadozai1*, Noor Paio Khan2, Abbas Ullah Jan1 and Gulnaz Hameed3 

...ategies and provide heat resistant wheat crop varieties to the farming community.  

...

Muhammad Aslam Rajput1,3, Imtiaz Ahmed Khan2, Rehana Naz Syed3 and Abdul Mubeen Lodhi3* 

...nimized by planting smut resistant cultivars. For evaluating a large number of propagative materials; standardized germplasm screening protocols as well as optimized inoculation techniques are required. The pathogen inoculation method should be less cumbersome, simple, and rapid. Here, we compared the effectiveness of six different inoculation methods, i.e., dipping, paste, wound+paste, soil infestation, spraying and injection methods for the establishment of ...
Ajmal Khan Kassi1,*, Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
... girths of comparatively resistant varieties were statistically greater as compared to intermediate resistant and comparatively susceptible varieties. Contrarily, hair densities on leaf midrib and leaf lamina were comparatively less in case of comparatively resistant varieties as compared to intermediate resistant and comparatively susceptible varieties....
Muhammad Hidayat Rasool1,*, Muhammad Zaheer1, Muhammad Farooque Hassan2, Muhammad Shafique1 and Muhammad Usman Qamar1
...MBL producing carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative rods (GNRs) isolated from clinical specimens. A clinical descriptive study was conducted in Faisalabad, Pakistan from June 2016 to January 2017. A total of 152 clinical samples were processed according to standard microbiological methods. Isolated GNRs were subjected to susceptibility testing against various antibiotics as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Carbapenem-

Zafrullah Khan* and Shah Alam Khan 

... appeared to be the most resistant potato cultivar against M. persicae at 12, 24 and 48 hours post infestation of M. persicae. Overall, this study revealed the resistant potential of potato cultivar Sarpo Mira against M. persicae. 

...

Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Sidra Mushtaq1, Muhammad Tariq Malik2, Ummad-ud-Din Umar1, Ateeq ur Rehman1, Shoaib Fareed3, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar

...is a need to develop the resistant varieties and to improve the quality of seed. Disease may be reduced by selecting the improved genetic material. Because it will have a good impact on product quality, economic output and its potential against insect pest or disease. 

...

 Abdul Khaliq1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Afzal1, Akhlaq Ahmad2 and Yasir Iftikhar3

...e treatments. Therefore, resistant strains of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), Rhizopertha dominica (Fabricius) and Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus) were tested against phosphine and bio fumigants to check their fitness and potential following by F1 generation. Phosphine fitness in term of mortality mean calculated at 300 ppm was minimum against weevil but highly effective against red flour beetle after 24hours while, at 400ppm showed ...

 Azam Ali* and Amjad Farooq

... that Bt cotton was more resistant to pest attacks than non-Bt. Therefore Bt cotton should be grown to combat pest infestation.

...

Manzoor Hussain1, Muhammad Awais2, Farhatullah3, Saiqa Bibi1, Muhammad Rameez Khan3, Afifa Khalid1 and Sajid Ali3* 

... be regarded as the most resistant genotypes group, and contained genotypes O-SA-1, O-SA-5, O-SA-15, O-SA-10, O-SA-14, O-SA-4, O-SA-6 and O-SA-11. Genotype O-SA-9, O-SA-7 and O-SA-12 had relatively high crown rust susceptibility. Further studies on across location and over-years crown rust resistance response of these genotypes must enable their exploitation in oat genetic improvement and crown rust control. 

...

 Abdul Maalik1, Shahzad Ali1,*, Anam Iftikhar1, Muhammad Rizwan1, Haroon Ahmad2 and Iahtasham Khan1

...i>Staph. aureus were resistant for ten different antibiotics. It was concluded that multi-drug resistant strains of Staph. aureus were major causative agent of bovine subclinical mastitis and there were multiple risk factors associated with incidence of mastitis.

...
Sumreen Hayat1,6, Muhammad Hussnain Siddique2, Bilal Aslam1, Habibullah Nadeem2, Asma Ashraf3, Muhammad Saqalein1, Mohsin Khurshid4, Naveed Shahzad5 and Saima Muzammil1,*

Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi* 

...nt, multi cropping using resistant varieties appears to be better option for the disease’s management. Evidence from my laboratory suggest that biological control is the best option having ecofriendly activities for the management either using botanicals or through some biological agents. Formulations of various botanicals along with biological agents may be commercializing to help farmers to combat the disease. There is a need to use environmentally saf...
Emel Banu Buyukunal1,*, Rojan Ibrahim Albazaz1 and Mehmet Ali Bal2,3
.... Presence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in food producing animals is considered an important transmission source for both direct and indirect transfer of those bacteria to human. For this reason, 45 cloacal samples comprising from 23 Japanase quails and 22 chickens were analyzed by conventional and molecular methods for E. coli isolation in this study. Subsequently, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of E. coli isolates (n=71) were determi...

Muhammad Ijaz, Sayed Rashad Ali Shah*, Muhammad Izhar-ul-Haq and Amir Afzal 

... field conditions showed resistant response whereas, at late assessments most of genotypes were susceptible. In pathogen-host relationship several components of partial resistance have been proposed. Under detached leaf assay Virginia type groundnut showed minimum spots per leaf, sporulation, and product of spots per leaf and sporulation, spots per leaf and percent area diseased per leaf and spots per leaf and defoliation indices. Correlation between defoliati...

Asim Khan1, Shahid Ali1*, Syed Attaullah Shah1, Aftab Khan1 and Raza Ullah2 

...velopment of temperature resistant maize verities for Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is also a good option. Moreover, awareness among farmers on climate change is required regarding plantation of trees and afforestation 

...
Sher Bahadar Khan1,2,*, Zou Geng1, Cheng Yu-ting1, Asad Sultan3, Mumtaz Ali4,5, Irshad Ahmad6 and Rui Zhou1
...on method and antibiotic resistant genes {tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), strA/strB, aadA, aac(3)IV), aadB, sul1, sul2 and sul3, blaCMY-2, blaTEM and blaSHV} using mPCR. Resistance for LIN was the highest in overall (96.3%, 77/80) isolates as well as from pig farms (100%, 20/20) and different markets (100%, 20/20, 85%, 17/20). Resistance for other antibiotics such as AMX, TET, AMP and SXT was found 82.5% (66/80), 63.7% (51/80), 58.7% (47/80) and 50% (40/80), respectiv...
Muhammad Shoaib Saleem* and Muhammad Faheem Akbar
...so led to development of resistant strains of pests and have adverse effects on non-target organisms including natural enemies and pollinators. Amongst bio-rational insecticides, neonicotinoids and insect growth regulators (IGRs) may be exploited as eco-friendly approach in crop pest management. We therefore, evaluated the effectiveness of nitenpyram, Clothianidin, Momentum (Mixture of Nitenpyram and Chlorfenapyr) and Buprofezin against brinjal whitefly (Be...
Tariq Mukhtar1,* and Muhammad Arshad Hussain2 
... has not been studied on resistant and susceptible okra cultivars, therefore, in the present study, the effects of six inoculum levels of M. javanica were compared on a highly susceptible cultivar of okra ‘Sharmeeli’ and a moderately resistant one ‘Sanam’. All the inoculum levels of M. javanica resulted in significant reductions in growth variables and increases in nematode infestations ...
Shafqat Husnain Khan1, Shah Jahan2, Irshad Ahmad3,4, Sadeeq ur Rahman5,* and Tayyab ur Rehman4,*
...ection of 100 carbapenem resistant E. coli obtained from a tertiary hospital at Lahore Pakistan. All carbapenemase producers were further investigated to identify frequency of blaIMP and blaVIM encoding genes. Results of modified hodge test identified 81% carbapenemase producers, while combined disc diffusion test identified 28 isolates as MBL producers among them. Of all carbapenemase producers, 25 isolates (30.8%) o...
Muhammad Tariq Adnan Khan*, Tariq Mukhtar and Muhammad Saeed
...r found to be moderately resistant. Two cultivars namely Brinjal Shilpa and Singh Nath 666 appeared moderately susceptible. Five cultivars viz. Round Black, Short Purple, Brinjal PPL, Global Brinjal PPL and Namyal Ratchburi behaved as susceptible. All the cultivars behaved differently regarding formation of galls, egg masses, number of eggs per egg mass and reproductive factor. Maximum galls, egg masses, eggs per egg mass and reproductive factors were o...
Abdul Waheed1,2, Sidrah Saleem1, Naveed Shahzad3, Junaid Akhtar4, Muhammad Saeed5, Iqra Jameel1, Farhan Rasheed6 and Shah Jahan7,*
...s planned to detect drug resistant genes like “blaSHV” and “blaOXA” among gram negative rods (GNRs) isolated from different clinical specimens, collected from Jinnah Hospital Lahore during January-December 2015. Majority of the GNRs were isolated from urine samples (55%) followed by pus (28%), blood (7%), sputum (6%), Broncho-alveolar lavage (2%), fluid (1%) and from tips (1%). The isolated organisms ...
Huma Sattar1, Sehrish Firyal1,*, Ali Raza Awan1, Habib-Ur -Rehman2, Muhammad Sajid Hasni3 and Amjad Islam Aqib4*
...or screening of mastitis resistant and susceptible Sahiwal cows.  
...
Azra1* and Shaukat Hussain2
...ategorized as moderately resistant, 14 moderately susceptible and the remaining eight genotypes were grouped as highly susceptible. Significant differences were recorded for grain yield among all tested genotypes during kharif season 2015 and 2016 as well as data pooled over two years. Moderately resistant genotypes CS-2Y10, EVY-1 and EHY-2 scored highest yield. Conversely, the lowest yield was observed for the highly suscep...
Tahsin Razzaq*, Muhammad Fareed Khan and Shahid Iqbal Awan
...rcicum. We evaluated resistant genotypes against NCLB under agro-climatic condition of Rawalakot and assessed the yield loss due to impact of NCLB. Maize plants were artificially inoculated at four to six leaf stages. Thirty genotypes were screened in first field trail in June 2016. Genotypes had significant differences for NCLB severity and reactions and were classified into resistant, susceptible and moderate categorie...

Muhammad Khuram Razzaq1,2*, Saeed Rauf1, Mohsin Khurshid3, Shahid Iqbal1,4, Javaid Akhter Bhat2, Ayaz Farzand5, Adeel Riaz1,6, Guangnan Xing2 and Junyi Gai

 

...xploited to discriminate resistant and susceptible genotypes under abiotic stresses. High heritability in the segregating generation warrants good selection response. Moreover, magnitude and type of genetic variation associated with pollen viability also important in improving the trait and breeding procedures to be adapted for the improvement of trait per se. Genetic studies results under heat stress in sunflower showed additive to partial dominance towards h...

Betül Ayça Dönmez, Sarbesh Das Dangol and Allah Bakhsh* 

... robust potato varieties resistant to different biotic and abiotic stresses, specially in diploid potato and to redirect the breeding program away from tetraploids to the diploids. We aimed to develop the protocol for transformation of Solanum chacoense diploid M6 potato using tetraploid S. tuberorsum cv. Desiree as a control using five different Agrobacterium strains harboring pBIN19 binary vector that further contains gusA gene, interrupted by an intronic se...
Muhammad Ramzan1*, Muhammad Nadeem1, Masood Maqbool1, Ghulam Murtaza2
...reened out the different resistant varieties of cotton against thrips, Thrips tabaci.In this experiment seven cotton genotypes viz. MNH-886, MNH-986, MNH-554, MNH-52, NIAB-78, NIAB-98 and NIAB-999 were sown on dibbling method during 2017. The present study resulted that no variety was free from the attack of thrips population. Among all tested varieties, NIAB-78 and MNH-886 were found most resistant and suscept...
Barkat Ali1,2, Wasim Sajjad1,2,3, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Rafiq1, Sahib Zada1, Aamer Ali Shah1 and Fariha Hasan1,*
... the isolates were found resistant while only a few were susceptible, however, the isolates Lysinibacillus spp. N40 and Brevundomonas spp. P20 showed no activity at all. Increased levels of resistance to heavy metals such as; iron, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and nickel were shown by strains like; Alcaligenes spp. N14 and N21, Bordetella spp. N30 and Streptomyces spp. N28. Alcaligenes spp. N27 and Lysinibacillus
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2*,Mujahid Manzoor1, Zubair Aslamand  Samina Jam Nazeer Ahmad1, 2
...n. The laboratory reared resistant population, Sindh and South Punjab collected population showed high LC50 values as compared to susceptible, Baluchistan and KPK population. The expression of P450 gene through PCR showed enhanced level of P450 gene in different Instars as well as collected population. The dsRNA specific for CYP450 gene was designed and targeted through dsRNA in thoracic region of R. ferruginous through micro-injection. Gene expr...

Asim Munawar1,2*, Farooq Ahmad1, Aqsa Arshad1, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi3 and Chengjuan Liang4 

...tions were observed more resistant then lab strains. Calculated LC50 values was very less in field strains as compared to lab strains. Maximum mortality of lab and field collected strains of R. dominica and T. castaneum was observed against phosphine than against deltamethrin. Our results suggest that field strains experienced with different out door conditions was less susceptible as compared to lab strains which proved to be more susceptible and findings of...
Nahed H. Ghoneim, Maha A. Sabry, Zeinab S. Ahmed and Esraa A. Elshafiee*
... isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). The tet (O) gene, which is responsible for tetracycline resistance, was detected in only 6 isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of the tet (O) gene sequences recovered from the C. jejuni isolates revealed that the strains isolated from chickens and drinking water from the same farm were identical. However, the sequence ofthe tet (O) gene from human isolates was highly similar to that from drinkin...

Mudassar Rashid1, Zuhair Husnain2, Usman Shakoor1* and Muhammad Iftikhar ul Husnain

...he adaptation of climate resistant cultivars. 

...
Irfan Shahzad Sheikh, Masroor Ahmad Bajwa, Nadeem Rashid, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa, Mohammad Masood Tariq*, Majed Rafeeq, Abdul Samad, Tauseef M Asmat and Asad Ullah
...RBC) , mercaptoethanol-2 resistant (IgG) and mercaptoethanol-2 sensitive (IgM) antibodies on weeks 3, 4, 5 and 6. Lymphoid organ weight showed non-significant difference (P>0.05), with numerically higher weight in immune modulator groups. The vitamin E supplemented group had highest HI antibody titers (7.22±0.25, 7.36±0.18 and 6.55±0.38). In experiments 1 and 2, supplementation with immune modulators had significant (P<0.05) effects ...
Sana Aslam1, Wayne Thomas Shier2 and Imran Sajid1*
...ities against multi drug resistant pathogens and to characterize the bioactive metabolites produced by them. A total of seventy strains of actinomycetes were isolated from lake samples, out of them only forty bioactive strains were selected for further characterization on the basis of their preliminary antimicrobial activities. The isolated actinobacterial strains showed an optimum growth at alkaline pH (9.0-9.5). The taxonomic analysis revealed that these iso...
Tasbihullah1, Sadeeq ur Rahman2,*, Tariq Ali3 , Umer Saddique1, Shakoor Ahmad1, Muhammad Shafiq4, Sultan Ayaz2, Hamayun Khan1, Ijaz Ahmad1 Asadullah2, Raheela Taj5, Hafiz Nidaullah6 and Alamgir Khan7
...re found to be multidrug resistant displaying resistance against at least three different classes of antibiotics. Class 1 integron was carried by (21/24) followed by additional class 2 integron (15/24). A total of 8 isolates were harboring insertion sequence common region 1 (ISCR1), which was found to be linked with blaCTXM in 50% (4/8) isolates. Results of the current study indicate contamination of eggs with ESBL-producing E. coli...

Kenneth Nnamdi Anueyiagu*, James Jingmang Kopmut, Chrysantus Achi Lagi and Kelly Nkem Okoh 

Amjad Usman1*, Arshad Khan1, Ruidar Ali Shah2 and Toheed Iqbal3 

...were found comparatively resistant and susceptible respectively. There were more glandular trichomes than non-glandular trichomes on leaves. Among the glandular trichomes, Type IV was the most abundant followed by Type VI whereas Type I and VII were rarely found on the leaf of the tested genotypes. Among the non-glandular trichomes, Type V was most abundant compared to II, III VIII. RomaVF had higher trichome density (52.58±0.49 and 62.48±2.7 per...
Quratulain1, Ata-ul-Mohsin1, Muhammad Naeem1, Ghulam Shabir1, Muhammad Khalid Rafique2 and Rashid Mahmood2*
...d imposta was relatively resistant with 37.02±9.97 individuals per plant infestation. Thrips tabaci showed maximum activity at 24 oc which shows positive correlation between temperature and thrips development. Considering categorization of ten onion accessions against thrips, Red Imposta was found as highly resistrant, early red, Chiltan, Nasar puri as resistant cultivar whereas Swat 1, Virio7 and 8,...

Muhammad Safdar Hussain1*, Muhammad Farrakh Nawaz2, Muhammad Ayyoub Tanvir2 and Noor-E-Hira

...rial vegetation, drought-resistant plants should be sorted out. The objective of this study was to explore the growth behavior of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (recommended for waterlogged areas) and Tamarix aphylla (recommended for arid regions) under water stress. Therefore, a pot experiment was carried out with three treatments: Well-watered, 25% and 50 % drought to achieve said objective. It was found that drought negatively affected plant growth. The mean heig...

Bilal Atta1*, Muhammad Rizwan1, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Dildar Gogi2, Muhammad Sabar1, Bakhtawar3, Faizan Ali3 and Mehran Sarwar

...tored grain pests become resistant to this fumigant. There is, therefore, a great need to find alternatives. In this study insecticidal efficacy of different plant extracts viz. Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) was compared against T. castaneum infesting stored wheat. The results have suggested that mortality and repellency in T. castaneum increased as the dose rate of crude pl...
Sana Khan1, Raheela Taj1, Noor Rehman2, Asad Ullah3, Imad Khan3 and Sadeeq ur Rahman3,*
...ingly becoming multidrug resistant. The current study was aimed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of extended spectrum β-lactamases producing C. freundii clinical isolates. A total of 2950 clinical samples were collected from both hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients of Khyber Teaching Hospital (KTH), Peshawar, and processed by for isolation of C. freundii followed by phenotypic detection of &b...
Murtala Muhammad, Ting Zhang, Siyu Gong, Jing Bai, Jiansong Ju, Baohua Zhao* and Dong Liu*
... emergence of antibiotic resistant strains. The bacteria was responsible for the disease outbreak that caused massive mortality of Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) in 2016. We isolated the pathogenic bacteria (HNM-1) from the infected A. sinensis and identified its identity by conventional physiological, biochemical, and molecular techniques. Virulence and pathogenesis of the disease were determined by intraperitoneal injection of the etiolo...

Anila Latif, Zaheer Abbas, Farhatullah and Ghulam Muhammad Ali* 

...erous crops globally and resistant against different chemicals and biopesticides. DBM has shown resistance against 12 different strains of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and 91 active ingredients of agricultural chemicals globally. Alternative ways should be explored to control DBM. Berberine is an insect toxic alkaloid and produced by plants of family Berberidaceae. Berberine Bridge Enzyme (BBE) gene involved in the synthesis of berberine was isolated from Berbe...

Hasnain Alam1*, Jabar Zaman Khan Khattak1 and Taoufik Saleh Ksiksi

...avillei were found to be resistant to both iso-osmotic conditions of PEG and NaCl. However, GP of T. apollinea and T. mandavillei decreased with decreasing OL. T. apollinea and T. mandavillei stood out as the best under both induced salt and drought stress at the germination stages. It is concluded that all four-selected species successfully germinated under maximum osmotic potential understudy which is not suitable for landscape species. All four investigated...

Md. Zubael Islam, Rukhsana Amin Runa and Md. Mahmudul Alam* 

...attle were comparatively resistant to foot diseases than crossbred animals. One to two years old cattle were mostly affected in our investigation. In the rainy season, FMD, laminitis, and sole ulcer were more common compared to those in winter and summer. The prevalence of foot diseases was higher in the stall housing system (56.52%) compared to the open pack housing system (43.48%). This study highlights the prevalence and potential risk factors of bovine foo...

Yasir Iftikhar1, Mustansar Mubeen1,2*, Waqas Raza1, Qaiser Shakeel3, Waseem Abbas1, Shehzad Iqbal1 and Ashara Sajid

...H 216 A) were moderately resistant, while three varieties, FD 74-41, FD 74-50 and N 96-25 were found to be moderately susceptible. In susceptible varieties, disease severity was significantly correlated with temperature (max and min), and relative humidity (RH). Whereas, disease severity in moderate resistant varieties also showed a significant correlation with temperature. However, disease severity in the moderate

M. Hammouchi1*, G. Sebbar1, N. Touil2, C. Loutfi1, Y.S. Malik3, M. El-Harrak1 and O. Fassi-Fehri4 

Pravin Mishra1, Md. Muket Mahmud2, Md. Ahosanul Haque Shahid2, Alamgir Hasan2, Vivek Kumar Yadav3 and Moinul Hasan1* 

...bal concern. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is rapidly increasing in both humans and animals. A two and half years old indigenous calf brought with myiasis wound and bacteria associated with myiasis wound was studied and further molecular detection confirms the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from the outer part of the wound but not from the inner part. The study helps an...
Naeem Ejaz*, Daulat Khan**, Usman Ali Naeem*, Muhammad Ali Shamim*, Muhammad Fiaz Tahir*, Faisal Shabbir*, Jawad Hussain*
DETERIORATION OF ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT AND FLY-ASH BASED GEO-POLYMER CONCRETES DUE TO SULFATE ATTACK UNDER THE ACTION OF SULFURIC ACID AND WASTEWATER
... fly ash (FA) is an acid resistant and can be used as a substitute binder for sewer construction. This research work highlights the laboratory results of fly ash based geo-polymer concrete and effects on its durability under sulfuric acid exposure. Class ‘F’ fly ash was used in the preparation of samples that were properly cured for 28 days at room temperature. After curing, specimens were immersed in three types of sulfate cont...

Muhammad Usama Hameed*, Zulfiqar Ali Gurmani, Sajjad Khan and Allah Bakhsh 

...a newly approved lodging-resistant, late-maturing, and high-yielding fodder oats variety developed at Fodder and Forage Research Program, National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC) Islamabad, Pakistan. This variety was selected from material imported from New Zealand for better agronomic characters and improved fodder yield. For initial two years (2006-07 and 2007-08) selections were made, and head-to-row method was used to reduce hetrozygosity. In 2009-10 a...
Mahak Fatima1, Memoona Syed1, Rabia Zeeshan2, Farah Rauf Shakoori3, Naveed Shahzad4, Moazzam Ali1 and Zeeshan Mutahir1*
...he growth of gemcitabine resistant breast cancer cells named MCF7-R. For this purpose, we transfected MCF7-R cells with MTH1 specific validated siRNA. Successful transfection of siRNA and consequent cytotoxicity in MCF7-R cells was confirmed by qRT-PCR, western blotting and cell viability assay. As a result of siRNA transfection, MTH1 protein was knockdown to approximately 77% in the transfected sample and resulted in a 1.75-fold increase in sensitivity...
Maryam Yousaf1, Naveed Shahzad2, Zeeshan Mutahir1 and Moazzam Ali1*
...(PC-3/Wt) and epirubicin resistant (PC-3/Res) prostate cancer cell lines were used in this study. Our data revealed that PC-3/Res cells had high expression of MRP-1 mRNA and protein in comparison with PC-3/Wt cells. MRP-1 was found distributed between intracellular and cell surface pools in PC-3/Res cells and was capable of drug efflux as shown by doxorubicin and epirubicin efflux assays. Moreover, qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed that PC-3/Res cells a...
Anum Feroz1, Abdul Rauf Shakoori2 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1*
...(Lab-S) and deltamethrin resistant population (GUW) of stored grain pest, Trogoderma granarium. After exposure to LC20 of bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos and their combinations of 3:1 and 1:3, the activities of total esterases, cholinesterase and carboxylesterase increased significantly in both the 4th and 6th instar larvae of Lab-S and GUW populations when compared with their respective controls. Acetylcholinesterase (A...
Ayesha Noreen1, Amina Elahi1, Dilara Abbas Bukhari2 and Abdul Rehman1*

 

...ze: small;">The arsenite resistant Bacillus cereus 3.1S, isolated from pesticide industry effluent, showed maximum growth at pH 7 at 37 °C in LB medium after 24 h of incubation. The strain tolerated As3+ up to 40 mM and also showed resistance against Pb2+ (8mM), Cd2+ (6mM), Cr6+ (6mM), and Cu2+ (10mM). The arsenite oxidase is responsible for the conversion of arsenite (As3+) into arse...
Mah Jabeen and Amjad Farooq*
.../i> showed comparatively resistant response with minimum population of aphids i.e., 0.43 per 10-cm inflorescence. The population of aphid was recorded to be the highest (12.83 per 10-cm inflorescence) on March 11 which showed non-significant difference with those of recorded on March 04 (12.52/10-cm inflorescence) Furthermore, the population of aphids remained present throughout the crop season starting from December 10 of each cropping period. The popu...

Arifa Khan1*, Danish Anwar2, Shazia Erum3, Naveeda Riaz1, Shahid Riaz4, Tariq Rafique3 and Zafer Iqbal2

Screening of Exotic Potato Germplasm against Potato Virus PVX, PVY and PLRV through Biological and Serological Test (ELISA)
...lity to PVY virus. Among resistant genotypes, CIP-10 and CIP-22 possessed greater yield and could be suggested for commercial cultivation in Pakistan.

...

Amir Afzal, Muhammad Ijaz and Sayed Rashad Ali Shah*

Determination of Suitable Growth Stage for Application of Fungicide against Stripe Rust in Wheat
...ltivation may not remain resistant for long because of fluctuating nature of pathogen. Therefore, an alternative management strategy to control diseases is application of suitable fungicide at appropriate growth stage. For this, an experiment was conducted to investigate proper growth stage for application of fungicide to control stripe rust in wheat. Sowings at various dates was done to attain various growth stages at once. Two genotypes 16C038 and cv. Ihsan ...

Shereen Zulfikar1, Zulfikar Ahmed Maher2, Attaullah Khan Pathan4, Imran Ali Rajput3*, Din Muhammad Soomro1, Muhammad Akbar Lashari1, Arsalan Memon3, Sibghatullah5 and Mir Zehri Khan5

Population Fluctuation and Weight Losses Caused by Khapra Beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts on Different Wheat Varieties
...easures and selection of resistant varieties. During the present study, the different wheat varieties were screened against T. granarium. The initial weight of healthy grains of each variety was recorded properly. The losses caused by pests were categorized on the basis of grain weight loss (%), powder weight (mg) and population of pests emerged. In results, it was observed that the attack of T. granarium was present more or less on all wheat varieties. Howeve...

Ummad ud Din Umar1, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Ishfaq Ahmed1, Ateeq ur Rehman1, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar2, Sibghat Ullah3, Shah Pasand4, Zehri Khan3 and Abdur Rehman5

Prevalence and Serological Detection of Spiroplasma citri, a Cause of Citrus Stubborn Disease in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
...squo;s early appeared as resistant cultivars against CSD infection in all the surveyed areas. Small acorn shaped, lopsided fruit and leaves with shortened internodes were appeared to be characteristic disease symptoms in Citrus stands of Southern Punjab.

...

Iram Bilqees1, Yasir Iftikhar1, Mustansar Mubeen1,2*, Qaiser Shakeel3, Ashara Sajid1, Zahoor Hussain4, Aqleem Abbas2, Muhammad Aamir Sohail2, Judith Jeruto Kiptoo5 and Shehzad Iqbal2

Use of Nutrients and Plant Extract to Manage Okra Yellow Vein Mosaic Disease (OYVMD) in Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
...ivars Indian Rachna were resistant to OYVMV and its vector. The growers are advised to apply micronutrients along with the plant extracts to control these diseases to enhance the okra production.

...
Huma Abbas1, Muhammad Azhar Iqbal2, Muhammad Kamran3, Muhammad Umar Shahbaz3*, Haseeb Ullah Kamber1, Nazir Javed1, Muhammad Junaid1, Hira Abbas4 and Muhammad Ehetisham ul Haq3
Evaluation of Advanced Mung Bean Germplasm against Cercospora Leaf Spot and its In-vitro Management by Different Fungicides
...dy was aimed to find the resistant germplasm against the disease and to evaluate the relative efficacy of different fungicides against the C. canesens in lab conditions. Twenty varieties/lines were screened against Cercospora Leaf Spot disease in field conditions. No line/ variety was found immune and only one line (16051) was resistant against this disease. Five different fungicides Cymoxanil 8% + Mancozeb 64% (Curzate), Co...
Muhammad Zahid Mengal1, Hamida Ali2, Raheela Asmat3, Muhammad Naeem1,4, Ferhat Abbas1, Abdul Samad1, Mohammad Zahid Mustafa1, Jannat Raza2 and Tauseef M. Asmat1*
...ate marker for multidrug-resistant TB in less than two hours. The RIF-resistance pattern in Balochistan, Pakistan, is not documented. This study was aimed to detect RIF-resistant TB and mutations in RNA polymerase beta (rpoB) gene of M. tuberculosis within 81-bp RRDR in Quetta, Pakistan using GeneXpert® MTB/RIF assay.In total, 2300 clinical specimens were collected from suspected TB patients at F...

Muhammad Imran1,2*, Shahbaz Talib Sahi1, Muhammad Atiq1 and Amer Rasul3

Brown Leaf Spot: An Exacerbated Embryonic Disease of Rice: A Review
... natural byproducts, and resistant cultivars) are used by farmers in different field areas of the world. The use of the resistant source is the simple, reliable, operative and cost-effective strategy to control the diseases and maximize the yield in limited time. Due to changing the environmental conditions and appearance of the disease epidemic, the use of fungicides judiciously is the alternate significant method for quick...
Aatif Amin1,*, Zakia Latif2, Arslan Sarwar1, Basit Zeshan1 and Mushtaq A. Saleem1
...nt-size: small;">Mercury resistant (HgR) bacteria were isolated from heavy metal polluted wastewater and soil, collected from the proximity of some tanneries from Kasur, Pakistan. Three out of 30 bacterial strains were screened out on the basis of resistance level against various concentrations of HgCl2. Bacterial isolatesAZ-1, AZ-2 and AZ-3 showed resistance up to 40 μg/mL of HgCl2 and mercury sensitive (HgS) iso...
Sher Bahadar Khan1, Mumtaz Ali Khan2,*, Hameed Ullah Khan3, Sher Ali Khan4, Shah Fahad5, Faheem Ahmad Khan6, Irshad Ahmad7, Nighat Nawaz8, Sidra Bibi9 and Muhammad Muneeb10
...respective antimicrobial resistant genes. Overall prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni was 14% being higher in Peshawar division (21%) followed by Bannu division (16%), Malakand division (13%) and Hazara division (8%). Over all highest antibiotic resistance was found against AMX (93%) followed by LIN (88%), AMP (86%), TET (82%), SXT (75), CHL (68%), CLR (65%), STR (50%), GEN (44%), OFX (27%), CIP (25%), LFX (13%) and AZM (11%) while the least resistance w...

Ashraf Ismail Afia1 and Ahmed Soliman Mohmed El-Nuby2*

Soybean Genotypes Response to Root-Gall Nematode
...genotypes were ranked as resistant or susceptible to challenge nematode genus. The genotypes viz., G22, G111(100% RF) were found to be highly resistant (HR), genotypes ranked as resistant (R) viz., C97, H2, CV1, Clark, A7 (99.97, 99.96, 98.73, 98.29 and 97.06% RF, respectively), moderately resistant (MR) category was achieved by seven genotypes (G21, CV2...

Shahid Ahmed1,2*, Huiqing Su1, Xuqian Sun1, Peng Feng1, Yongpan Chen1, Liang Yu1, Qian Liu1 and Heng Jian1

Performance of Cereal Varieties against Cereal Cyst Nematode (Heterodera avenae)
...nd 7 oat lines ranked as resistant genotypes while 9 wheat and 3 oat lines were ranked as moderately resistant and 1 wheat line and the local check were highly susceptible to H. avenae. These genotypes need to be exploited in breeding program to introduce the resistance gene pool in local cereal cultivars for resistance to H. avenae in China.

...
Muhammad Aamir Naseer1, Amjad Islam Aqib2*, Ambreen Ashar3Muhammad Ijaz Saleem1, Muhammad Shoaib4Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar1, Khurram Ashfaq1, Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta1 and Shagufta Nighat5
...isolates were found 100% resistant to Cefotaxime, Fusidic acid, and Ampicillin while 60-80% of these isolates were found sensitive to Cefoxitin, Gentamicin, Trimethoprim + Sulphamethoxazole, and Oxytetracycline. Except Trimethoprim + Sulphamethoxazole, non-significant differences (p>0.05) of isolates at resistant, intermediate, and sensitive cadre were noted against Vancomycin, Oxacillin, Amoxy clavulanate, and Lin...
Ayesha Talib1,2, Khanzadi Nazneen Manzoor1, Wajahat Ali1, Maria Saeed1, Muhammad Asif Gondal1, Malik Badshah3 and Abid Ali Khan1*

Ghulam Murtaza1*, Muhammad Ramzan2, Amna Razzaq4, Muhammad Numan3, Rukhsar Beanish4, Ayesha Zafar4, Muhammad Shan Latif3 and Muhammad Adnan3

Screening of Brinjal (Solanum melongena) Varieties against Jassid, Amrasca bigutulla bigutulla
...during 2018 to check the resistant brinjal varieties (Nirala, Dilnasheen and Bemisal) against jassid (A. bigutulla bigutulla). The highest population of jassid was recorded on 5 November while lowest on 2 December on all tested varieties. The population density was lowest in December on all varieties such as Nirala (1.0), Dilnasheen (2.1) and Bemisal (1.2), while maximum in November such as Nirala (3.8), Dilnasheen (6.6) and Bemisal (4.2) per leaf. Bemisal and...
Adeen Kiran1, Umar Farooq Gohar1*, Ayesha Farooq1, Malik Muhammad Asif2 and Hamid Mukhtar1
Redressal of Antibiotic Resistance using Plant Extracts
...diseases caused by these resistant pathogens. In this battle, there is a continuous need to develop new drugs or compounds that can cure these infections or to reverse the antibiotic resistance in these pathogens. In recent years different experimental approaches highlighted the importance of phytochemicals present in plants and its ability to kill these pathogens and microbial inability to develop resistance against these pathogens. Therefore, the trend has b...

Muhammad Tariq Mahmood1*, Muhammad Akhtar2, Mushtaq Ahmad1, Muhammad Saleem2, Ali Aziz2, Irfan Rasool2, Zeshan Ali3 and Muhammad Amin2

An Update on Biology, Extent of Damage and Effective Management Strategies of Chickpea Pod Borer (Helicoverpa armigera)
...od borer involves use of resistant cultivars, manipulation of sowing dates, maintaining low crop density, management of nutrition, use of trap crops (maize, sunflower, sorghum, safflower, pigeon pea, okra and tomato), installing animated bird perches and application of biological control measures (use of plant extracts, virus/bacteria based insecticides). In case of pod borer outbreaks, chemical insecticides remain as last option for farmers. However, manageme...

Shishir Sharma* and Laxmi Prasad Joshi

Current Insights on Stemphylium Blight of Lentil with its Management Strategies
... used to develop disease-resistant varieties which it is the most efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable technique. Integrated disease management approaches along with Omics and weather prediction tools may be crucial in avoiding severe SB outbreaks. A comprehensive review article discusses the morphological as well as molecular dimension of pathogens, their effects, pathogenicity, integrated disease management approaches, and future views....
Riffat Sultana1*, Nuzhat Soomro2, Santosh Kumar3 and Ahmed Ali Samajo2
...e insect does not become resistant.
...
Hafiz Tassawar Abbas1*, Tamoor Khan1, Ghulam Khaliq2, Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar3, Muhammad Rashid4, Intazar Ali5, Muhammad Abuzar Jaffar2, Ghulam Ali Bugti6 and Muhammad Waseem4
 

...disease. Leaves of three resistant and susceptible (un-inoculated and inoculated) chickpea lines/varieties were tested to find out their ionic status (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe and Cu). The un-inoculated and inoculated plants of resistant and susceptible groups exhibited significant variation (p

Uwem E. George1, Oluwadamilola A. Arowolo2, Oluseyi A. Olayinka3, Ijeoma M. Ifeorah4, Temitope O.C. Faleye3,5, Bolaji Oluremi6, Arthur O. Oragwa7, Ewean C. Omoruyi8, Emmanuel E. Udoh9, Oluwadamilola G. Osasona1,10, Emmanuel Donbraye11, Olufunke P. Adeniji12, Olubusuyi M. Adewumi3,13* and Johnson A. Adeniji3,13,14

...or positive selection of resistant pathogens and high levels of Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs). We examined Nigerian Chimpanzees in Boki Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, Cross-River State, Nigeria, to detect ARGs. Faecal samples from 15 Chimpanzees in pristine enclosures of Non-Human Primates in the Wildlife Sanctuary were analyzed. All faecal samples were pooled, then resuspended in phosphate-buffered saline. Subsequently, nucleic acid was extracted from ...
Saima Siddiqui1, Ghulam Hussain Abro1, Tajwar Sultana Syed 1Abdul Sattar Buriro2, Sohail Ahmad3, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed4 and Muhammad Asam Riaz4*

 

...produce cotton varieties resistant against sucking pest.
...
Basharat Ahmed1, Muhammad Hamza Azhar2, Farah R. Shakoori1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1,3,*
...o eight drugs. 36 % were resistant to three or more antibiotics at 25µg/ml, 34 % were resistant to three or more antibiotics at 50µg/ml, 18 % were resistant to three or more antibiotics at 100µg/ml and 8 % were resistant to three or more antibiotics at 300µg/ml. The most common pattern of antibiotic resistance was Carbenicillin+am...
Li Shengqing1,2,3, Zhang Xiyun2,3, Liu Shengcai2,3, Hu Guoyuan2, Fan Yuxia2,Liu Huaixin2, Wang Tingting2 and Zhang Yanming1*
... of rodents are strongly resistant to type D botulinum toxin. Experimental results indicate that type D botulinum toxin can be used as a new biological rodenticide for the prevention and control of rodent damage in plateau pastoral area.
...
Xuhai Wang1,2, Xin Li1, Fangyuan Yuan1, Chaocheng Li1, Bin Jia1* and Song Jiang1*
...sue of kazakh sheep with resistant and non-resistant MHC haplotypes after oral infection with E. granulosus eggs. The results demonstrated that miR-216b negatively regulated IL2RB in the cystic echinococcosis intestinal tissues, and they were differentially expressed in the intestine tissue between the resistant sheep and non-resistant sheep, more...
Iqra Muzammil1, Muhammad Ijaz Saleem1, Amjad Islam Aqib2,*, Ambreen Ashar3Syed Ashar Mahfooz1, Sajjad ur Rahman4, Muhammad Shoaib4, Muhammad Aamir Naseer1, Imran Khan Sohrani1, Javeed Ahmad1, Razaullah Saqi1, Fizzah Laeeq Lodhi1 and
Qaisar Tanveer5
... from bpSA and nbpSA was resistant against linezolid, gentamicin, and oxytetracycline in this study. bpSA were highly resistant against amoxicillin and vancomycin.The study found higher prevalence of pathogenic strains of S. aureus, higher number of potential risk factors, and diversified responses to antibiotic.
...
Abeer A. Feisall; B.A. Othman2; Kh.A. El-Dougdoug2 and H.S. Shalaby1
...hage DNA was
resistant to digestion with PvuI, BamHI, XhoI and EcoRI. The genome size of the
phage was estimated to be 18 kbp.
...

K.A. El-Dougdoug1, A.R. Sofy2, A.A. Mousa2 and E.E. Refaey2

...ded to three categories, resistant (Diamond, Execusa, Hermes and Valor), tolerant
(Sisi, Lady Balfor, Nikola, Ditta and Lady Rosetta), susceptible (Anabel and Spunta) based on
different external symptoms, the severity infection and virus concentration. Expressed protein
was differed in leaves of potato cultivars. Since PVY infection unexpectedly increased in
(Anabel, Sisi, Lady Balfor, Nicola and Execusa) or decr...

Rafia Ahsan1, Saif Ullah1, Ijaz Yaseen1, Faisal Sohail Fateh1, Muhammad Fayyaz1, Shahzad Asad1, Atif Jamal1, Muhammad Sufyan2 and Muhammad Zakria1*

...ere is need to introduce resistant Basmati varieties to reduce the inoculum level and yield losses.

...
Huda S. Darwish 1, Om-hashem M. El-Banna2, Mohamed S. Abbas3, Hoda M. Waziri 1, Maisa A. Awad1

Md. Sahidur Rahman1*, Tishita Ape1, Md. Islam1 and Sharmin Chowdhury2

...lopment of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the perspective of dairy farmers regarding antibiotic use as well as its residual and resistance effect. We collected data from 101 dairy farmers in Chattogram, Bangladesh. The results revealed that ceftriaxone, gentamicin, streptopenicillin, amoxicillin, and sulfur drugs were the most frequently used antibiotics in the study area. Among the participants, 99% did ...
Muhammad Noman Koondhar1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1,*, Muhammad Ammar Khan2, Riaz Ahmed Leghari3 and Parkash Dewani4
...re recorded as multidrug resistant (MDR) resistant. Maximum number of S. Gallinarum (9/10), S. Typhi(12/14), S. Cholerasuis (8/10) and S.Enteritidis(13/15) isolates were exhibited resistance against ampicillin antibiotic. A 78.6% isolates of S. Typhi were recognized as MDR isolates. While, 80% isolates...
Maimoona Imran1,2, Soumble Zulfiqar2, Hafsa Saeed2 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1*
...he current study, copper resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains KW and CC were investigated for their bioremediation potential. Maximum uptake of Cu++ by mid log phase cultures of KW and CC was 19.26 and 28.77µg per mg cell dry weight, respectively. The strains also exhibited efflux ability; KW possessed more efficient efflux system as it expelled 94.46% of maximum stored copper within 24 h as compared to 56% by CC. These strains were ...
Nabila Kousar1, Tanzeela Riaz2, Anum Feroz1, Abdul Rauf Shakoori3 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1*
...> instars of insecticide resistant populations of Trogoderma granarium collected from godowns of Gujranwala (GUW), D.G. khan (DGK), Okara (OKR), Lahore (LAB-S) and Layyah. The LC50 values of deltamethrin against 4th instar larvae of GUW, DGK, OKR, Layyah and LAB-S were 514, 353, 303, 189 and 98 ppm respectively while for the DE these values were 3606, 2684, 2407, 2192 and 2065 ppm, respectively. Based on the values of LC50

Javed Anwar Shah1, Azhar Iqbal1, Muhammad Tariq Mahmood2, Muhammad Aslam3, Muneer Abbas4 and Ilyas Ahmad5*

... showed that no line was resistant whereas, only eight chickpea desi lines were found moderately resistant, three lines were tolerant, seventeen were moderately susceptible and the rest thirty-two lines were found susceptible and highly susceptible. Identified moderately resistant lines (D-17001, D-17005, D-17008, D-17009, D-17011, D-17023, D-17024 and D-17032) may be included in chickpea ...
Mona Kadry, Sara Mohamed Nader*, Esraa A. Elshafiee and Zeinab S. Ahmed
... Medicine. β-lactam resistant Salmonellae are of great concern as they are becoming multi-drug resistant. This study describes the role of chicken in harboring and environmental spread of ESBL and carbapenemase - producing Salmonella spp, which could pose a potential hazard to human and animal health. A total of 334 chicken meat samples, 197 eggshells and 160 human stool specimens were included in this study. The presen...
Aqsa Shahid1, Saima Muzammil1, Farhan Rasheed2,Bilal Aslam1, Muhammad Akhtar Ali3, Syed Zohaib Haider4, Masroor Ellahi Babar4, Muhammad Saeed1, Umair Waqas1 and Mohsin Khurshid1,*
...ing reports of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii associated infections especially in the healthcare settings are of global concern. The recent emergence of 16S rRNA methylases particularly armA is associated with a high-level resistance to the routinely used aminoglycosides in clinical settings. The current study aimed to screen the armA genes among the A. baumannii isolates collected from clinical specimens at the tertiar...

Hamza Tariq1, Nasir Ahmed Rajput1*, Muhammad Atiq1, Shahbaz Talib Sahi1, Abdul Rehman1, Abdul Rashid1, Muhammad Ahsan Khan2, Akhtar Hameed1,3 and Warda Modassar Saddique1

...mquat expressed a highly resistant response with lesion size (0.750 cm), Sweet Lemon exhibited resistant response with (1.616 cm) lesion size, Mangal Singh moderately resistant with rating (3) while two varieties i.e. Malta and Succari exhibited moderately susceptible response, three varieties i.e. Jaffa, Tangerine and China Lemon (4.066, 4.250, 5.100 cm) lesion size respectively showed su...

Usman Khalique*, Muhammad Zahid, Noor Fatima, Syed Jawad Ahmad Shah

...ties; 20 were moderately resistant having aphid population range 15 - 21. 41 varieties were lowly resistant having 22 - 31 aphids per tiller throughout the study. Similarly, 34 varieties showed a lowly susceptible response with 32 - 42 aphids per tiller and 16 varieties hosted 43 - 53 aphids per tiller on an average and graded as moderately susceptible. Moreover, 14 varieties were found highly susceptible having 54 - 82 aphi...

Mohammad Aquil Siddiqui1*, Muhammad Mahran Aslam1, Mahboob Ali Sial1, Nighat Seema Soomro1, Muhammad Tahir Khan1, Shafquat Yasmeen1, Shumaila Sial2 and Imtiaz Ahmad Khan1

Mst. Deloara Begum1, Md. Muniruzzaman1, Md. Salauddin2* and Md. Mostafizer Rahman1

...f bacteria isolated were resistant to amoxicillin, penicillin-g, kanamycin, azithromycin, cefuroxime sodium, cephalexin, nalidixic acid, cephradine and erythromycin. The isolates were found to be of medical im­portance. Hence it is considered that a variety of bacterial species can be associated with dried fish related pathogen to animal and humans.

...
Nida Sadaqat1, Abdul Wajid2, Quratul Ain2, Muhammad Zia Akbar2Farkhanda Manzoor4, Muhammad Sarwar Khan1, Nasir Ali3,  Masroor Ellahi Babar3 and Tanveer Hussain3*
...sheep and goats. Scrapie resistant/susceptibility have been associated with the presence of PRNP gene polymorphisms. We analyzed the polymorphisms in PRNP gene sequences in 49 wild Punjab urial (Ovis vignei punjabiensis). Four novel amino acids polymorphisms (p.Q149E, p.Q155E, p.Y228L and p.L253F) were detected in PRNP gene. The urial was monomorphic at codon 149 and 155 and polymorphic at codon 228 and 253. These amino acid polymor...

Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi

...d. However, emergence of resistant nematode strains and health hazards are associated with the ceaseless use of the synthetics. The efficacy of furfural (2-furanaldehyde) from agricultural biomass waste was examined as a practicable replacement to the regular synthetic nematicide. Agricultural wastes were collected and refluxed with hydrochloric acid to produce furfural. Growth response of sugarcane plants increased significantly (p=0.05) with the highest conc...

Eman H. Mahrous1, Mohamed. W. Abd Al -Azeem2, Faisal A. Wasel1, Waleed Younis2* 

... they were all multidrug-resistant (MDR) with a predominance of resistance to erythromycin and oxytetracycline. In conclusion, these findings evidenced that clinically diseased rabbits have a high frequency of MDR and virulent Pasteurella multocida strains.

Keywords | Antimicrobial susceptibility; Pasteurella multocida; Rabbits; Virulence genes  

...

Asmaa G. Mubarak1*, Mona M. Mustafa2, Mohamed W. Abdel-Azeem3, Dina N. Ali2 

...e high rate of multidrug-resistant Salmonella isolates and the risks it poses to public health.

Keywords | Chicken meals, Salmonella, Humans, Antibiotics, Virulence, Sequencing 

...

Keiven Mark B. Ampode1*, Federico C. Mendoza2 

...concerns over antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the use of antibiotics in livestock and poultry feed has been banned in the European Union since 2006. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the effects of oregano powder (OP) as phytobiotic feed additives on the growth performance and cell-mediated immunity of broiler chickens. A total of sixty-day-old Cobb-broiler chickens were used in the study and arranged in a Completely Randomized Design experimental set...

Mohamed S. Hussein1*, Hanan A. Fahmy2, Ashraf A. Abd El Tawab3 

...led that 62 (86.1%) were resistant to at least one antibiotic, with highest resistance rates observed against first generation (86.1% for nalidixic acid, and 81.9% for flumequine), and lowest rate against levofloxacin (33.3%). A total of 24 isolates, dsplaying high resistance to at least 5 fluroquinolone antibiotics, were then screened for plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, qepA and aac(6′)-Ib-cr by PCR. The results reve...
Damat Damat1*, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Juris Burlakovs3, Zane Vincēviča-Gaile4
Devi Dwi Siskawardani1, Rista Anggriani1 and Anas Tain5
...ulp, thefoodfiber,andthe resistant starch content increased. The antioxidant activity of the analog rice also increased with the addition of spices, which provided a more attractive color and improved the taste and smell.
...

Hussain Ali1, Shahid Sattar Khan1, Fazal Maula2, Said Hussain Shah3* and Misbah Uddin1

... of properly integrating resistant cultivars and chemical management techniques for rice stem borers.

...

Hams M.A. Mohamed1, Mona A. El-Zamkan2* 

...while, two isolates were resistant to vancomycin and erythromycin, and three isolates were resistant to linezolid. None of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, chloramphenicol or clindamycin. B-lactams drug resistance encoded by pbp1A gene could be detected in all the isolates, while one isolate harbored vanA and optrA gene, and no isolate harbored ermB gene. Two isolates were biof...

G. Basana Gowda*, N.B. Patil, M. Sahu, S.R. Prabhukarthikeyan, S. Raghu, G.P. Pandi, T. Adak, C.K. Swain, S. Pokhare, S.D. Mohapatra and P.C. Rath 

... microbiota in phosphine resistant population inhabits phosphine degrading bacteria. The study demonstrated the differential gut bacteria in phosphine-resistant and susceptible populations in Tribolium castaneum. Phosphine bioassay of different populations of T. castaneum revealed that Jagatsinghpur (Odisha, India) population had the highest LC50 value (1.104 mg/l). Further, gut bacteria were isolated and characterized throu...

Naima Din1, Misbah Ashraf1, Muhammad Rizwan2*, Muhammad Babar Shahzad Afzal4, Hafiz Ghazanfar Abbas2, Farrukh Ilahi2, Amir Hameed5, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub6, Qurban Ali1 and Muhammad Farooq2,3

... OK Advanta-803 was most resistant to the jassid (13.36/leaf), whereas NS-810 was most susceptible to the A. devastans (23.93/leaf). A. devastans population showed a significant and positive correlation (r = 0.8573*) with area of leaf lamina and moisture percentage (r = +0.7192*). As leaf area of NS-810 (184.34 cm2) was larger; therefore, this variety showed maximum susceptibility to A. devastans while OK Advanta-803 showed minimum A. devastans population per ...

Imtiaz Ali Shah1*, Maleeha Anwar1, Rafiullah2, Inamullah Wazir1, Muhammad Hasnain Riaz1, Abdur Raziq1, Muhammad Ijaz Ali1, Faizul Hassan1, Khalid Khan3, Yasin Ahmad4, Irshad Ahmad5, Muhammad Ibrahim Rashid5, Muhammad Tariq Zeb1* 

...Salmonella isolates were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, and kanamycin while isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin and streptomycin. These positive samples were further investigated and confirmed through PCR by targeting serovars specific genes i.e rfbJ, fliC, fljB for S. Typhimurium and ST11, SPV, SefA for S. Enteritidis. The prevalence of Salmonella was found to be 22 (11%), out of which 17 (77....

Farheen Aslam*, Hira Lodhi, Rasheeda Bashir, Faiza Saleem and Shagufta Naz

... to screen multiple drug resistant strains of bacteria for New delhi-metallo-beta-lactamase (bla-Ndm1) gene. Blood samples (5ml) of children suffering from different infections, under treatment in a teriary care hospital, were screened for blaNDM-1 gene. Blood samples of 116 patients having tested for multiple drug resistance were analyzed for blaNDM-1 gene by PCR. Sixteen samples were found to be positive for blaNDM-1 gene. The bacterial species harboring bla...

Nazakat Nawaz1, Nasir Mahmood Cheema2*, Malik Muhammad Yousaf3, Muhammad Jahanzaib1, Mubashir Ahmad Khan1 and Muhammad Munir4

...e is rated as moderately resistant to fungal attack. At the same time, it is 10 to 15 days earlier than check varieties i.e. BARD-479 and Golden. PG-1090 has been approved by concerned authorities as a new variety with the name NARC-2019 for cultivation in rain-fed as well as irrigated areas of Pakistan.

...

Muhammad Idrees1, Bashir Ahmad2, Muhammad Waqas1, Syed Muhammad Mukarram Shah3 and Saad Ahmad Khan4

...eins encoded by the drug resistant genes, i.e., katG, gyrA, pncA and rpoB of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), were identified using computational methods. In the ligand base pharmacophore, an already reported four ligands for the four proteins encoded by the resistant genes of M. tuberculosis were selected for the generation of pharmacophores. The validated pharmacophores model of all the four proteins, generate...

Stephen Chijioke Emencheta1, Anthony Amaechi Attama2, Ezinwanne Nneoma Ezeibe1, Adaora Angela Agubata1 and Ebele Benedette Onuigbo1*

...solates were found to be resistant to amoxicillin (100 %), meropenem (100 %), and ceftriaxone (100 %). The Multi Antibiotic resistance index (MARI) of the isolates was calculated to be 0.33. The formation of plaques (clear zones of inhibition) on the lawn of the plates of Escherichia coli was confirmed. The isolation of Escherichia coli phages from residential and farm wastewaters is a promising molecular tool for E. coli tracking in the environment.

...

Mona M. Osman1, Kamelia M. Osman2, Manal Abu Elmakarem Mohamed1, Mahmoud E. Hashad2, Jeeser Alves Almeida3, Alaa Saad4, Octavio Luiz Franco5,6, Heba N. Deif 2* 

...e and tylosin and highly resistant to danofloxacin, lincomycin and florfenicol. Some interactions demonstrated significance (p <0.05), such as hemolysis/ tulathromycin (-0.607), tylosin/streptomycin (0.519), lincomycin/ florfenicol (0.808), lincomycin/ oxytetracycline (0.47) and oxytetracycline/H2S (0.76). Our study distinctly elucidates that although H2S production and hemolysis are not relevant (0.26) yet, H2S and antibiotic resistance for oxytetracycline...

Muhammad Anwar Ul Haq1*, Tariq Mukhtar1, Muhammad Inam-ul-Haq1 and Azeem Khalid2

...anak and Pala were found resistant and moderately resistant to M. incognita respectively. Fifteen varieties/lines viz. EP-972, Kokila F1, EP-950, EP-906, Jhansi F1, Adv-301, KHBR-201, KHBR-202, KHBR-203, KHBR-204, EP-900, 2016, KHBR-205, EP-966 and Sultan were found susceptible while four genotypes namely Nirala, Dilnasheen, Wer and Bemisal showed highly susceptible reaction against M. incognita. All the genotypes showed sig...

Sher Bahadar Khan1,*, Mumtaz Ali Khan2, Irshad Ahmad3, Faheem Ahmad Khan4, Hamayun Khan1 and Sher Ali Khan5

...respective antimicrobial resistant genes through PCR. Among them, the highest prevalence of Staph. aureus was found in Peshawar-Mardan division (30%), followed by Malakand (28.5%), Bannu-Dera Ismail khan division (25%) and Hazara division (16%). Over all the high resistance was found against Lin (96.25%) followed by AMX (82.5%), TET (63.75%), AMP (58.75%), SXT (50%), CHL (48.7%), CLR (36.25%), STR (25%), GEN (17.5%), OFX (15%), LFX (12.5%), AZM (8.75%) while l...
Mohammad Belal Shaker1, Waleed Rizk El-Ghareeb2,3*, Marwa Magdy Seliem4, Wageh Sobhy Darwish3, Bassam Abdulla Alhawas2, Ahmed E. Tharwat3

Mehwish Saleem Khan* and Sumama Farooq

...ese microbes have become resistant to variety of antibiotics. Due to multidrug resistance only few choices are left to treat the bacterial infections.

...
Amreen Zahra1*, Mushtaq A. Saleem2, Hasnain Javed3, Muhammad Azmat Ullah Khan4 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori4
...ypes and its deadly drug resistant variants in Pakistan in the recent years. However, such molecular approaches in developing nations like Pakistan, will pave favourable strategies for advanced drug design, diagnostic assays and antiretroviral regimen therapies.

...
Ch. Muhammad Rafiq1, Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Misbah Rizwan2, Muhammad Arshad3, Muhammad Zeeshan3, Hamza Latif3, Usama Bin Khalid1, Shawaiz Iqbal1
...the absence of N. lugens resistant variety, ecological manipulation and nutrients availability could be a better strategy for short-term N. lugens management in organic rice production.

...

Veronica Ngozi Emenuga1, Clara Idara Eleazar2*, Seto Tunrayo Aladenika1  

...ost of the isolates were resistant to Miconazole except T. mentagrophyte which showed 83.0% sensitivity. Contamination of the dairy likely resulted from contamination of the cattle bedding and infection of the udder.

Keywords | Mycoses, Cattle, Milk, Antifungal, Dermatophytes. 

...

Bibi Hajira*, Imran Khan and Zia-ud-Din

...digestible starch (SDS), resistant starch (RS) and estimated eGI were calculated from starch digestion values. Consumer acceptability was determined using nine-point hedonic scale. The incorporation of sorghum and barley into wheat bread decreased in-vitro starch digestion at all incorporation levels than CB. RDS content significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in 40% and 50% sorghum and barley-containing bread (SBB), respectively, compared to CB. The eGI of SBB, a...

Umair Faheem1*, Qurban Ali2, Mussurat Hussain1, Abrar Ahmad3, Tamsila Nazir2, Ghayour Ahmad3, Idrees Ahmad3, Madiha Mobeen4, Hammad Hussnain3 and Nadia Hussain Ahmad3

...and Bt-121 were the most resistant or tolerant varieties against the insect pests but the pesticide application would still be required to keep their population below the economic threshold level. Population of insect pests and parasitoids significantly reduced using insecticides. In Pakistan, environmental friendly insecticides need to be encouraged to avoid their deleterious effects on beneficial insects.

...
Rida Haroon Durrani1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh1*, Masood Rabbani1, Muti-ur-Rehman Khan2, Aneela Zameer Durrani3, Salman Ashraf1, Muhammad Anas Naeem1, Muhammad Usman3 and Tauqeer Mahmood4
...host-adaptive antibiotic resistant Salmonella. 

...

Noor Muhammad* and Shah Alam Khan

...o; proved as antixenosis resistant against the aphid compared to susceptible genotype Abaseen. The second experiment was performed to test antibiosis resistance against L. erysimi among the selected genotypes. During the antibiosis experiment different life table parameters of aphids; developmental period, reproductive period, longevity and fecundity were studied. Based on the calculations, only ‘KS-75’ proved antibiosis re...

Misbah ud Din1, Shah Alam Khan1, Said Hussain Shah1,2* and Najeeb Ullah3

... thiamethoxam along with resistant variety (China) were superior over rest of the all treatments that reduced the aphid and increased the yield productions, whereas regression of the slop of the tested insecticides based IPM strategy is to be applied for aphids control measure in canola crop.

...

Misbah ud Din1, Shah Alam Khan1, Said Hussain Shah1,2* and Najeeb Ullah3

... thiamethoxam along with resistant variety (China) were superior over rest of the all treatments that reduced the aphid and increased the yield productions, whereas regression of the slop of the tested insecticides based IPM strategy is to be applied for aphids control measure in canola crop.

...

Eman H. Abotalp, Sahar R. Mohamed, Jakeen K. El Jakee

...lfamethoxazole (45%). No resistant was observed to piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem & amikacin. The present study concluded that canines and felines carry diarrheic and multidrug resistant E. coli serotypes which have a public health concern. Attention should be paid to the contact with canines and felines, and the occurrence of multidrug resistance.

Keywords | Canines, Diarrhea, E. coli Serotypes, Felines, Mul...

Ali Wahdan1*, Mahmoud Ezzat1, Fatma Youssef2, Manal Munier2, Elsayyad M. Ahmed3, Marwa Abo Hashem1  

...obials. Three multi-drug resistant isolates carried ica from human abscess (A9), sputum of dog (A12), and cow mastitic milk (A13) were sequenced with other genome sequences retrieved from the GenBank. Ten samples (9.17%) were S. aureus from human, while 3 samples (1.24%) were S. aureus and 2 samples (0.83%) were coagulase negative staphylococcus (CONS) from animal sources. The multiple sequences alignments (MSA) and phylogenetic tracking proved the genetic sim...

Muhammad Waseem Akhtar1*, Khalid Mahmood Khawar2, Muhammad Naeem Akhtar3, Muhammad Rafique1, Khalid Hussain4, Sharmin Ashraf1 and Muhammad Fida Hassan1

...a cultivars were totally resistant to C.chinensis, however their vulnerability varied significantly. Finally, the acquired data will be statistically examined for the study of variance via statistical software. Means of significant treatments will be examined at = 5% using the HSD-Tuckey test.

...

Tariq Ali1,2*, Kamran1, Abdur Raziq1, Inam Ullah Wazir1, Anwar Ali1, Muhammad Ijaz Ali1, Muhammad Shuaib Khan2, Shakeeb Ullah2 and Sher Hayat Khan3

...ted bacteria were mostly resistant to ampicillin (96.5%), sulphamethoxazole (96.5%), streptomycin (95.1%), oxytetracycline (85%), and amoxicillin (78.1%). However, the isolates were highly susceptible to enrofloxacin (86.2%), gentamicin (83.5%), and florfenicol (82.6%). This study might be helpful to the clinicians and researchers associated with the dairy industry for designing prophylactic as well as therapeutic strategies for the control of bovine mastitis....
Muhammad Younas1*, Khalid Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Muhammad Atiq2, Niaz Hussain1, Wasim Abbas3, Muhammad Azeem Khan4, Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Irshad1, Nasir Ahmad Khan2 and Muhammad Zubair5
...ame, ON-14133) exhibited resistant response with minimum percent disease index (PDI) which ranged between 5-10%, followed by Mirpurkhas, Nasarpuri, HON-1069, Pania, Rubi F2, GSL-132, Red Moon, PK-1032, F-1122, Red Imposta, Early Red, Desi Large and Vrio-4 which showed moderately resistant response to A.porri with PDI of 11-20%, whereas, the four accession including Golden Arab, Desired, Sultan F1 and Red Nasik expressed Mode...

Sadaf Ansari1, Shahid Hussain Abro1, Abdul Jabbar Tanweer2, Abdullah Sethar3, Ghulam Abbas4, Sabahat Ansari1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1* 

...ae) were found multidrug resistant.

Keywords | Microbial load, Raw fish, Cooked meat, Beef, Foodborne pathogens 

...

Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko1*, Joelle Toffa1, Azize Orobiyi1, Gbèblonoudo Anicet Dassou2, Rolande Okpeicha1, Dieudonné Gavoedo1 and Alexandre Dansi2

...in order to find out the resistant ones against C. maculatus infestations. The effect of seven grain physical traits (testa thickness, colour, texture, hardness, length, breadth, and 100-grain mass) on the susceptibility of eight soybean varieties to C. maculatus were evaluated in the laboratory. The correlations and contributions of the studied traits were evaluated using correlation path coefficient analysis. The tested soybean varieties showed a variation i...

Asma Hassan*, Zuhair Hasnain, Muhmmad Asadullah, Syed Saqlain Hussain and Muhammad Abbas Anees

...a pseudo cereal, drought-resistant, and medicinally value able with a superior nutritional profile as compared to common cereals. It’s obligatory to obtain the maximum yield of quinoa under rain-fed conditions with a well-adjusted quantity of nutrients. To evaluate nitrogen (N) levels viz 55 kg ha-1, 65 kg ha-1, 75 kg ha-1, 85 kg ha-1, and 95 kg ha-1 and seed priming techniques water soaking, K2HPO4, K2SO4, and CaSO4 (2%) seeds for half-day used to find ...

Khalid Hussain1, Muhammad Younas1*, Niaz Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Muhammad Raheel2, Anees Akhtar3, Muhammad Irshad1, Munir Abbas1 and Farah Shabir4

... were examined for their resistant levels against Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum ciceris (FOC). Six exhibited resistant response with <10% disease incidence and seven genotypes were moderately resistant (11-20% DI) against wilt pathogen. However, five genotypes recorded moderately susceptible response (21-29% DI) and five genotypes showed susceptible response (30-50% DI) mor...

Jie Yang1, Wenjun Zhou2, Qi Zhang2, Lei Chu2, Zhenshi Chen1, Xiajun Zhang2, Weidong Wu3*, Shaoru Zhang1* and Lihui Wang1*

...ut N. gonorrhoeae is now resistant to most antibiotics, and there is no vaccine available. The main purpose of this study was to understand the molecular characteristics of clinical isolates of N. gonorrhoeae and their resistance to azithromycin (AZM) in Danyang, China. Firstly, the clinical isolates of N. gonorrhoeae from January 2016 to December 2020 were collected by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS)...

Hams M.A. Mohamed1*, Katreen K.G.2, M.W. Abd Al-Azeem1, Faysal A. Wasel2, Ahmed M. Abd-Eldayem3 

...ticularly virulent, drug-resistant and biofilm-forming strains, is highlighted in this study and can result in a public health danger when present in raw milk. Therefore, it is essential to keep an eye on bacterial resistance in the setting of food production.

Keywords | Listeria spp., L. monocytogenes, Virulence genes, Biofilm, antimicrobial resistance 

...

Bilal Atta1*, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Syed Sultan Ali1, Muhammad Rizwan2, Muhammad Dildar Gogi3, Muhammad Usman Saleem1, Tahir Hussain Awan4, Tahir Latif4, Mohsin Ali Raza1, Muhammad Afzal5 and Nadeem Rehman6

...tics, and rice cultivars resistant to T. castaneum. 
 
Novelty Statement | This is the first study in Pakistan to test these four varieties (which are being grown on a large area in the Punjab) for feeding preference of T. castaneum and associated post-harvest losses.
...

Md. Aminul Islam1*, SM Mostafizur Rahaman Sumon1, ANM Aminoor Rahman2, Fahima Khatun3 

... shown 33.33% and 16.67% resistant against Ivermectin and Fenbendazole, respectively. The Fasciola spp. was 66.67% resistant against Triclabendazole and the Trichuris spp. was the highest resistant against Ivermectin injection (100%) in all the investigated dairy farms. These findings are crucial for the selection of anthelmintics for the treatment of various types of nematodes in dairy co...

Sayed H. Al Habty1, Dina N.Ali2* 

...the percent of multidrug resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in some dairy products as well as to assess the effectiveness of lactoferrin (LF) as a bio preservative for yogurt. 150 dairy product samples from yogurt, ice cream and Damietta cheese (50 for each) were collected from Assiut city, Egypt. Antimicrobial susceptibility against antibiotics commonly utilized in human and animals was tried using the disc diffusion method; PCR was applied on ...

Nourhan M.M. Hassnin, Ali H.H. Ali and Hosny H. Kesba*

...) were considered highly resistant and BS F1 resistant. Scions (Aswan F1, and Nems) were moderately susceptible. Grafted watermelon hybrids varied in their reaction to nematode infection. Rootstock, 6001 F1 reduced significantly nematode parameters meanwhile BS F1 was insignificant. Levels of ClabZIP59 and ClabZIP52 genes expression were upregulated significantly in nematode infected treatments compared to the check. Root ex...

Nauman Zaheer Ghumman, Muhammad Ijaz*, Arslan Ahmed, Muhammad Umar Javed, Iqra Muzammil and Ahmed Raza

...stify;">The emergence of resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) confers overwhelming economic losses to the global dairy industry. The current study was planned to investigate the S. aureus and MRSA associated subclinical mastitis in 345 milk samples (Cattle n=173, Buffalo n=172) collected from indigenous bovines of district Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The milk samples were s...

Mian Shamas Murtaza1,*, Aysha Sameen2, Saima Rafique3, Muhammad Shahbaz1,*, Nabeela Gulzar4, Mian Anjum Murtaza5, Umar Farooq1 and Iram Hafiz6

...ent levels of inulin and resistant starch in low fat cheddar cheese to improve its quality. Different levels have significant effect on the physic-chemical (moisture, fat, protein, ash,) characters. Melt-ability and flow-ability showed inverse relationship with levels of inulin. Melt-ability and flow-ability decreased by increasing level and increasing hardness. Yield calculation showed non-significant effect within levels but significant effect as compared wi...

A. Beyan1, A. Seid†2 and H. Shifa1

...s found to be moderately resistant as measured by the lower number of root galls and egg-masses per plant compared to the susceptible Marmande genotype. Hence, further study is required to evaluate the performance of Assila genotype in hot spot areas of Meloidogyne species and Fusarium species infested farmer’s field conditions.

...

I. K. A. Ibrahim1, Z. A. Handoo 2†, A. M. Zid1 and M. R. Kantor2

...dwil 1 and Toshka 1 were resistant (R) to the tested nematode species. On the other hand, six flax cultivars were tested, among them Giza 1 and Giza 5 were susceptible (S) to all the tested nematode species; Giza 6 was susceptible to Ma and Mj, while Sakha 1 was susceptible to Ma only. Giza 6 was highly susceptible (HS) to Mj only whereas Sakha 1 was highly susceptible to Mi and Mj. The flax cultuvars Giza 7 and Giza 8 were susceptible to Ma and Mi while these...

W. M. El-Nagdi,1†, Z. , E. Ghareeb2 and E. M. Zayed3

...best with high yield and resistant reaction to M. incognita; in contrast Starmon genotype had highly susceptible reaction while Jary, Mnro andVorosch genotypes had moderately resistant. Fodder root yield was positively and significantly correlated with root weight; meanwhile, it was negatively and significantly correlated with damage index and gall index, respectively. These findings indicate that selection for root weight a...

S. A. Montasser1†, N. A. Mahmoud2, A. F. El-Mesalamy2 and M. A. A. Abdel-Mageed2

...iv>were ranked as highly resistant hosts with (Rf) values 0.12, 0.33, 0.19 and 0.42 folds, respectively, whereas
Giza-843 and Giza-51 of broad bean and lentil were regarded as resistant hosts to nematode infection with (Rf)
values 0.59 and 0.80 folds, respectively.
...

Y. I. Erum and F. Shahina†

...hat the most diverse and resistant genotype against CCN was Moomal-2002 as compared to the
rest of the genotypes studied and the most effective loci to screen diversity was OPA-09.
...

A. A. Galal1,2, S. F. Abou-Elwafa1,3, F. J. Kopisch-Obuch1 and C. Jung1

...table for distinguishing resistant
and susceptible genotypes. It was further demonstrated that 7 weeks after inoculations is sufficient to determine
nematode numbers instead of 10 or 12 weeks after inoculation. Moreover, measuring the root fresh weight was
necessary to calculate the relative number of nematodes/g root mass. In conclusion, results led to a more efficient,
quicker and more accurate measurement of b...

I.K.A. Ibrahim1 and Z. A. Handoo2

...ppini 24 were moderately resistant to Mi1. On the other hand, all the tested rice cultivars were either resistant or moderately resistant to Mi 3. Control of M. incognita race 1 on rice cv. Sakha 101 was studied in the greenhouse. Three tests were conducted to study the effects of soil treatment with some plant materials, stems of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), the biocontrol agent...

S. Fatemy†1 and H. Ghasemi2

...e cv. Marfona and in the resistant cvs Agria, Satina and Banba in glass-house conditions. The hatching response of the nematodes to root diffusates of these cvs was also investigated. Disinfected cysts of G. rostochiensis were placed in root diffusates and the numbers of hatched second stage juveniles (J2) were counted weekly over a 6-week period. Pots were planted with a single sprout of each cv. and the soil was inoculated with a suspension of 400 freshly ha...

M.M.A. Youssef† and W.M.A. El-Nagdi

...), one variety as highly resistant (Panther), three
varieties as resistant (BTS301, BTS302 and SN626) and one variety as tolerant (Tenor). It is concluded that the
tested sugar beet varieties differed in their susceptibility/resistance to root-knot nematode M. incognita depending on
their damage index in combination with their plant vigor. The highly resistant

A.W. Amin† and A.W. Mona*

...n cucumber grafting onto resistant plant rootstocks Bh; grafting onto resistant plant
rootstocks Ercola 6001, followed by Rugby 20L, marigold and finally Rugby 10G, respectively as compared by
nematode infested cucumber. Root-knot nematode (RKN) significantly decreased shoot plant height and leaf area,
when they were grown in soil infested by RKN compared to infested plant (check). In addi...

A.A. Mokbel

...ed peanut cultivars were resistant to M.
incognita race 2 and moderately resistant to M. javanica. Whereas, peanut cvs. Balady, Ismailia 1 and Giza 6 were
found highly susceptible to M. arenaria race 1 and Giza 4 and Giza 5 cvs. were susceptible. The suppressive
efficacy of using three isolates of Pasteuria penetrans (Pp) against M. arenaria race 1 infected pea...

Salman Hussain1, Basit Zeshan2*, Rabiya Arshad1, Saba Kabir1 and Naveed Ahmed3

...on among the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clinical isolates. A total of 208 different samples were collected and processed for phenotypic and genotypic identification of MRSA. All MRSA isolates were subjected to antibiotics sensitivity, cefoxitin disk diffusion test, and vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) E-test. The MRSA isolates were detected for the presence of mecA, mecC, and nuc genes. Congo red agar (CRA) method was u...

Sofiane Tamendjari1,2*, Farida Bouzebda Afri1,2, Lina Chaib1, Hebib Aggad3, Zoubir Bouzebda1,2 

...re becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics, leading to therapeutic failures. It is in this context that our study aims to have an idea on the degree of hygiene of meats produced and consumed in the wilaya of Souk Ahras with respect to these strains, and to evaluate their degrees of resistance to certain antibiotics used in human and veterinary medicine
A total of 90 samples of sheep, chicken and turkey meat were collected and analyzed. Modified B...

Tariq Mahmood1*, Mamoona Wali Muhammad2, Sami Ullah1, Bilal Ahmad3, Zarmina Aslam4, Naveed Ahmad Khan5, Muhammad Shahzaib Tariq6, Muhammad Ali Raza6, Rana Usama Iqbal7 and Samia Zain8

...al species that are more resistant to pests, diseases, and pesticides, as well as to quantify the synergistic impacts of the probable causes of present colony loss, further research is required.

...

Nachaat Sakr

...l for developing disease-resistant cultivars. FDK component did not differentiate the eight analyzed cereal genotypes and pathogen strains. Most significantly, stability of cultivars for head blight resistance was fulfilled during seasons as well as under several experimental conditions, suggesting that cultivars with stable and high disease resistance could be incorporated to crossbreeding programs to reinforce host resistance to fungal infection. This primar...

Aqleem Abbas1, Mustansar Mubeen2, Yasir Iftikhar2, Qaiser Shakeel3*, Hafiz M. Imran Arshad4, Maria del Carmen Zuñiga Romano5 and Sarfaraz Hussain6

...nally, the expression of resistant-related genes in rice crops and biological agent mechanisms of action are discussed.

...

Muhammad Afzal1,3*, Shafqat Saeed1, Hasan Riaz1, Muhammad Ishtiaq1, M. Habib ur Rahman2

...cies. The CLCuD develops resistant cultivars against CLCuV and screening of new host resistance forms. Applications of DNA markers to induce resistance into the cultivars and editing of genome are some of the good practices contributing to suppress this disease. The study is helpful in understanding population dynamics of whitefly cryptic species interaction with the begomoviruses and alternative host plants which is imperative to devise effective management s...
Safika1*, Ni Luh Putu Ika Mayasari1, Juliadi Ramadhan2
...oniae were isolates were resistant to antibiotics and were categorized as multi drug resistant (MDR), demonstrating variable proportions of antibiotic resistance coding genes. Antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae has been detected in the majority of veterinary clinics in Bogor, although at varying degrees in each group. Resistance gene activity against each antibiotic can measure both the phenotype and genotype of ...

Ghada A. Ibrahim1*, Mohamed Sayed Helal1, Nahed Abd Elhafeeze Kamoura2, Mohamed Samir3,4, Amira Mohamed Mazid5, Mohamed F.M. Farag6

...ign: justify;">Multidrug resistant Klebsiella spp. (MDR) and the extended-spectrum đť›˝-lactamases (ESBL) producing strains are one of the dominantly pathogenic bacteria that involved in bovine respiratory infections. Its spreading problem is growing rapidly especially it could combine resistance with high-level of virulence traits that make it is more difficult to be treated. This study provides insight into the respiratory infections by Klebsiella spp. and i...

Shabana Memon1*, Aamir Ali Abro1, Muhammad Iqbal Jakhro2, Aqsa Farid3, Maliha Habib4, Maqbool Ahmed5, Liaquat Ali Bhutto6, Saba Ambreen Memon7 and Muhammad Farooq8*

...ogrammes and are drought resistant.

...
 
 SADAF SARFRAZ1*, SAFDAR AMEER1, REENA AMBREEN1, SHOMAILA SIKANDAR 2, SHAISTA NAWAZ3 AND YASIR SALEEM
...n the occurrence of drug resistant microbes. This has urged the investigators and researchers to use and develop the antimicrobial agents derived from some natural resources. Among various naturally occurring medicinal plants, Cinnamaldehyde, owing to its acid generation, acid tolerance and virulence gene expression has gained a considerable attention. Keeping in view its beneficial aspects, the present study has bee...

Chenchen Liu1,2, Tong Wang1, Muhammad Khan3*, Xiaolin Cui2 and Yongming Li1,2*

...n parental and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Growth inhibitory effects of ALT are evident from CCK-8, Edu, and colonogenic assays. The molecular mechanism associated with induction of apoptosis includes ROS generation, G2/M phase arrest and inhibition of aerobic glycolysis. Inhibition of glycolysis was found to be linked with down-regulation of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1). Finally, ALT effectively suppressed gro...

Hanaa M. Abdelkhalek1, Hanan E. Nagib1, Randa S. Elias1, Saad S. Mansour1, Walid S. Mousa2*

... and norfloxacin against resistant P. aeruginosa isolates from mastitis origin. In addition, detection of some virulence and antibiotics resistance genes. Two hundred buffaloes were examined and sixty mastitis milk samples were collected from clinical cases from the period from October 2021 until March 2022. The acute mastitis sings were assessed according to cardinal signs of inflammation and milk abnormalities. Out of two hundred buffaloes, sixty (30%) were ...

Fang Chen

...e screening, an apatinib-resistant SCLC cell line (H69/Apatinib) was established. All cell lines were stored in RPMI-1640 medium, which was supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 100 µg/ml streptomycin and 100 U/ml penicillin and kept in humid air containing 5% CO2 at 37°C. The cell assay was performed when the cells were in the logarithmic growth phase. In the cultured H69/apatinib, the IC50 of apatinib was greater than 30nM, while it was about 1...

Yue-Xia Ding1, Qun Wu2, Zhao Namula1 and Yi Ma1,*

...u;g/mL, and ermB or mefA resistant gene were carried. Transfer rate of resistance was 100% by plasmid conjugant, conjugants had obtained the resistance phenotype and the related resistance genes from the donor bacteria. The LD50 of conjugants and induced resistance strains compared with parental strain, the virulence was lower than sensitive strains. The present study demonstrated that the virulence of resistant Streptococcu...

Natalia Shchur1,2*, Olha Chechet1, Tetiana Mazur2, Oleksandr Martyniuk2, Olga Gorbatiuk1, Halyna Buchkovska1, Iryna Musiets1, Diana Ordynska1, Olena Finkova3, Larisa Moskalenko3, Tetiana Ponomaryova-Gerasimyuk3, Maksym Lusta3, Vitalii Nedosekov2 

...p;The presence multidrug resistant (MDR) Campylobacter isolates obtained from broilers indicates dangerous uncontrolled use of antibiotics in poultry farming. The article highlights the potential health hazard to consumers posed by the presence of Campylobacter jejuni in industrial poultry and poultry products, as well as its resistance to various antibiotics. The study also reports a high rate of detection of resistant Camp...

Md. Saiful Islam Siddiqui1*, Sharmin Akter2 and Mohd. Riajul Islam2 

...owledge about antibiotic resistant (ABR). A cross-sectional survey was conducted over a period of around one year among 50 broiler farms of about 25000 birds at Sylhet district in Bangladesh. Data revealed that Amoxicillin, Enrofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Azithromycin, Cephalexin, Erythromycin, Neomycin and Colistin were found most commonly used antibiotics. Majority poultry farmer’s bear’s very poor educational status and knowledge abou...

Tasew Getu1*, Wassu Mohammed2, Awol Seid3, Tesfamariam Mekete4 and Bekele Kassa

...ed with VC fell into the resistant category towards MI and RS disease complex. The study revealed that the tested treatments respond differently to the disease complex, and potato yield parameters. Therefore, the integration of drip irrigation, VC and selected cultivars could be used for sustainable management of MI and RS infections in potato production during the dry season.

...

Hafiz Muhammad Walayat Ali1, Hafiz Basheer Ahmad1*, Zaheer Ahmad Nazar2, Muhammad Akhlaq Mudassir1, Mahmood-Ul-Hasan1, Abdul Khaliq1 and Muhammad Shahzad Afzal1

...and 80 clones were found resistant to smut in plant and ratoon crop respectively. Principal component analysis showed that first eigenvalue was equal to (1.78) and represented that (35.6%) of the total variation. The 2nd eigenvalue (1.077) and represented of the total variation (57.2%) for the crop plant. For the ratoon crop, the first eigenvalue was (1.83) and presented (36.6%) of the total variation while 2nd eigenvalue (1.15) and represented (59.7%) of tota...

Amina Rahat1, Zahin Anjum1*, Sehlina Zehra2, Fatima Umal Baneen3 and Rabia Chishti1

...abolic syndrome, insulin resistant syndrome, and high level of cholesterol, nerve tension problems; it stops hair fall and boost’s immune system. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that almost all the plant extracts showed potential antibacterial, insecticidal and antifungal activities against different. The research has focused on the potential therapeutic efficacy of AliumSativum, NigelaSativa, and Plantago Ovata in the treatment o...

Mehwish Malik1*, Zanib Sadia2, Muhammad Sajid3, Hammidullah1, Yasir Amin1, Zubair Ali1 and Sohail Ahmad1

...nary medicine makes them resistant to many bacteria including ESBL E. coli. Resistance of microbes to antibiotics is becoming an alarming situation throughout the world and the infection caused by such bacteria is difficult to treat and handle and ultimately an economic challenge to Pakistan also. E. coli is worth important bacteria in poultry as it is an opportunistic cocco-bacilli, it may cause Colibacillosis, which is the major cause of mortality and morbid...

Sarfraz Ahmad1, Mian Anjum Murtaza1,* and Kashif Akram1,2

... (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6%) and resistant starch (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5) were added in Mozzarella cheese making from low fat milk (2% fat). The positive (4% milk fat) and negative (2% milk fat) control samples were also prepared for comparison. The Mozzarella cheese samples were analyzed for physico-chemical composition, functional properties, cheese yield and textural profile. The findings showed that there was a significant impact of added hydrocolloids (inulin and

Ahmed El-Sayed Ismail 

...sceptible) and Kahera 1 (resistant), were subjected to the infection by H. zeae to determine the biotic effect of the host susceptibility on development and reproduction of the nematode, the final population and rate of build-up of the nematode were more remarkable on Giza 2 cultivar than on Kahera 1. Due to the high suitability of Giza 2 for nematode reproduction, there was more pronounced damage to plant growth in Giza 2 than in Kahera 1. As for the second f...
Maria Azam1, Tahir Mahmood Qureshi1, Saddam Hussain2, Amjad Islam Aqib3*, Shanza Rauf Khan4, Kashif Akram1, Misbah Ijaz5, Maheen Murtaza6, Afshan Muneer6 and Sammina Mahmood7
...ines. On the other hand, resistant strains were put to antibacterial testing assay against metallic nanoparticles both by well diffusion and broth microdilution method. To analyze the data, both probability and non-probability statistical tools were applied using SPSS version 22 of statistical software at 5% probability. The current study showed 24.56% of S. aureus positive from commercial dairy while the resistance of these isolates against gentamicin, enrofl...

Nosheen Jehajo* and Naheed Shah

...ash gram were moderately resistant to C. maculates infestation. It is concluded based on overall study results that temperature and relative humidity have great influence on insect feeding behavior and reproduction, and could be usefully manipulated for stored grain management.

...

Jameel-ur-Rehman1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1*, Ahmad Ali Moryani1, Riaz Ahmed Leghari1, Abdullah Sethar2, Ali Raza Nizamani3, Abdul Ahad Soomro3, Kanwar Kumar Malhi1 

...d S. pyogenes were found resistant to 9 antibiotics; followed by P. aeruginosa and P. flavescens 8; S. flexneri 7; K. oxytoca and S. epidermidis 6; and E.coli, Salmonella spp., K. pneumoniae and S. aureus 4 antibiotics. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that market fishes are more contaminated than pond fishes. The occurrence of bacterial organisms was highest in CC than CM and LR. Moreover, all bacterial isolates were recorded as multi drug

Wei Wang1, Meifeng Zhou2, Yuebo Liang1, Fan Zhang1, Zhong Wu3, Shaowei Mo4* and Yi Qing Wang1*

...btained, and trastuzumab resistant model SK-BR-3-TR was constructed. Cell viability was determined using MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Protein and mRNA expression was measured using western blotting and RT-qPCR, respectively. The mRNA and protein level of YAP was significantly increased in the tumor tissues of HER2-positive breast cancer patients. Consistently, the expression of YAP and TAZ were both dramatically upregulated in SK-B...

Muhammad Hussain1, Yasir Ali2*, Baber Iqbal1, Muhammad Azhar Iqbal1, Salman Ahmad3, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed4, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif2, Muhammad Saeed1 and Muhammad Jawad Yousaf1

...73 and AARI-11 indicated resistant (R) response against stripe rust of wheat with a lower area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values ranged from 68-102. In comparison, seven genotypes, including Ass-11, V-13266, V-11C023, V-12266, Gandam-II, V-13270 and V-13273 demonstrated resistant response against leaf rust severity during both crop seasons 2020-2021. Five linessuch as V-11098, V-12001, V-13001, and DH-31 demonstrat...

Shaista Ilyas1, Safdar Ali1, Amer Habib1, Misbah Ali1,2, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan3*, Yasir Iftikhar3, Muhammad Usman Ghani4,5 and Muhammad Umair1

... found immune and highly resistant. Correlation and regression analysis were performed to find the relation of environmental factors and disease development. There was a positive relationship between disease severity (Cercospora leaf spot disease) and relative humidity, wind speed and rainfall. The results revealed that there was negative correlation between maximum temperature and disease development. It could be concluded that the application of nutrients al...

Khwaja Junaid and Shah Alam Khan

...break. Contrary, growing resistant rice varieties plays a key role in keeping the insect pest population below economic threshold level. Growing resistant varieties is considered as safe and cost-effective method for the control of (RLF). Keeping in view the importance of the pest and economic value of the crop this experiment is designed to screen thirty five genotypes for resistance against rice leaf folder. These genotype...

Blessing Ndenum Peter1, Olufemi Bolarinwa Adedeji1, Reuben Chukwuka Okocha2,3*, Ekemini Moses Okon4 

...n, and ciprofloxacin but resistant to gentamicin, cefixime, augmentin, and nitrofurantoin. This study concluded that ready-to-eat shrimps in Ibadan are not safe, wholesome and fit for human consumption because of the high loads of bacteria. The bacterial and fungal organisms isolated from the shrimps indicate contamination from personnel and the environment. 

...

Muhammad Faizan1, Muhammad Nasir1, Muhammad Waqar Hassan1*, Ghulam Sarwar2 and Moazzam Jamil3

...eties were classified in resistant category. Percent weight loss by C. maculatus was maximum in cow pea and mung bean genotypes and least percent weight loss was recorded in chickpea genotypes. Maximum eggs were laid on mung bean varieties, one chickpea genotype (Bitttle-16) followed by in cowpea in descending order and least eggs were laid in two chickpea varieties (Sadiq-21 and BWP-white). Study of factors which could affect egg output of C. maculatus includ...

Naeem Akhtar1*, Sana Noureen1, Muhammad Asif2, Ahsan Aziz2, Usman Saleem1, Talat Mahmood3, Nadeem Raza4 and Waqas Raza5

...otype SC31.SC4 displayed resistant to sugarcane mosaic virus but its yield was very poor as compared to others due to its genetic makeup. SC3 exhibited high disease incidence, having less brix percentage but showed maximum cane yield. Genotype SC7 revealed moderate susceptibility but exhibited high yield with maximum brix percentage. Evaluation of all agronomic traits and screening of superior genotypes would help in future sugarcane-breeding program to increa...

Baoxuan Nong1,2, Biqiu Wu3, Anlong Xu2, Wenai He2 and Yongfu Qiu2*

.... Identification of WBPH-resistant germplasm and genes can promote the development of resistance varieties and effectively limit pest damage. In this study, fourteen varieties of rice were surveyed for insect resistance by assessing growth rates via seedbox screening, feeding activity via measurements of honeydew excretion, and insect development by counting the number of hatched nymphs. Two resistance varieties N22 and OB677 were crossed with susceptible line...

Vijay Kumar1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1*, Nazar Ali Korejo1, Ambreen Leghari2, Faiz Muhammad Khand2, Riaz Ahmed Leghari1, Khaliq-ur-Rehman Bhutto3 

... recognized as multidrug resistant (MDR). Similarly, out of 19 isolates of layer birds, 17 (89.47%) were recorded as MDR organisms. However, Salmonella isolates of ducks exhibited a little bit less number of MDR organisms i.e., 60%. The antibiotic resistance pattern further shows that out of the total 51 poultry (broiler, layer and ducks) isolates 84.31% (n = 43) were recorded as MDR. The resistance pattern further shows that out of the total 51 Salmonella iso...

Raed Hussein Salih Rabee1, Yahya Sabah Abdulameer1, Walla Farhan Obed1, Noor R Abady1, Adnan Mansour Jasim1*, Firas Hussein Albawi1, Mohammed Jasim Jawad2, Ahmed Samir Abukhomra3

...e emergence of multidrug-resistant microbial strains, allergic and an alteration of the normal flora in the intestines. The study aimed to evaluate the residue levels of enrofloxacin in chicken meat after administering berberine (BBR). Escherichia coli (E. coli) was isolated from chickens suffering from diarrhea, and its isolation was confirmed by culturing it on MacConkey agar medium. In this study, a total of one hundred chicken chicks were reared, and on th...

Ahmad Khan1, Muhammad Amjad Ali1, Muhammad Tahir1, Samreen Nazeer2*, Muhammad Zubair Akram3*, Muhammad Arslan Azmat1 and Sabina Asghar4

...e insights for selecting resistant varieties and implementing nematode management strategies. Understanding the response of plant varieties to root knot nematodes is crucial for effective nematode control and ensuring optimal crop yield. 

...

Hafiz Nawaz1*, Kashaf Nawaz2, Attiq ur Rehman1, Muhammad Bashir3, Mussera Hira2 and Mariyam Nawaz4

... insecticides, and virus-resistant mungbean cultivars may help suppress the disease. MYMD-resistant NIAB mungbean lines include 1429, 3198, 3845, 3850, 3854, and 3881 (Schreinemachers et al., 2019). A recent study has revealed resistant varieties NM-5, NM-7, NM-68, NM-69, M 20-21, and M 22-24. This review guides research and MYMD-resistant cultivar devel...

Kristina MorkĹ«nienÄ—*, RĹ«ta InsodaitÄ—, Laimutis KuÄŤinskas, Renata BiĹľienÄ— 

...bees’ colonies are resistant to V. destructor and that may be related to changes in the amino acid sequence of the Mblk1 protein leading to higher brain functions in bees. In this study, we aimed to test the contribution of three Mblk-1 gene polymorphisms to the resistance to V. destructor mites. This case–control study involved 117 DNA samples that were genotyped for three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) using the real-time polymerase chain ...

Frah R Kbyeh1*, Ahmed N. Abedsalih2 

...the pathogenicity of the resistant Escherichia coli 0157: H7 strain. Resistance Escherichia coli 0157 H7 for antibiotics decreases the cure rate. Repurposing Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved medications against the contributing factors is a novel method to overcome this scarcity. The analgesic medication diclofenac was reported to have anti-virulence action against resistance Escherichia coli O157 :H7. This study aimed to demonstrate the antimicrobi...

Saboor Naeem and Amjad Usman*

... genotype categorized as resistant, with shoot and fruit infestations of 1.45% and 10.1%, respectively followed by genotypes Durga seed and Nutech seeds, with moderate resistant. Where F1 Hybrid brinjal, Brinjal malni and Advanta 303 were categorized as susceptible genotypes while Black long was declared a highly susceptible genotype with 8.9% shoot and 41.4% fruit infestation. L. orbonalis incidence was higher on the spring...

Aleena Kokab1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh1*, Masood Rabbani1, Wasim Shehzad2, Muhammad Ilyas Riaz1, Sohail Raza1 and Rida Haroon Durrani1

...;">Worldwide, antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Enteritidis being accountable for major foodborne Salmonella outbreaks, is a significant concern for public health and the agro-food sector. The use of bacteriophages, as a potential replacement, for antibiotics and as food antimicrobial agents to potentially target foodborne pathogens is gaining augmented attention. This study’s goal was to isolate and physiologically characterize lytic bacteriophages agains...

El-Bramawyl , M . A. S. A. and El-Beshehy2, E. K. F.'

...Fl, F2 and F3 progeny of resistant and susceptible faba bean plants were investigated under artificial infection by BYMV in the green house during two successive seasons (2008/09 and 2009/010). Faba bean population's plants were evaluated for the resistance to BYMV using a four-class scale of increasing susceptibility to the BYMV disease, which took into a account the infected main percentage and disease severity for the faba bean population's plants. Our resu...

Zein Salwa N; Abd El-khalik, Samaa; Khatab  , Eman A.A.H and Azzam4,Clara R.

...Sakha 53, which could be resistant to TMV-S. The statistical analysis indicated significant differences among irradiation doses on plant height; all used doses increased plant height comparing with the control. Inoculation with TMV-S caused decreases in plant height over all other factors. Number of leaves differed significantly according to the used cultivars, gamma ray doses and T&W-S. The highest number of leaves were found during M2 generation, The dif...

El-Sayed • l , Eman H; Mahfouze , Sherin A.; Shaltout ,A. D.; El-Dougdoug3 ,Kh. A. and Sayed1 , R. A.

...m 2, 4-D was found to be resistant against BMV isolate. In the same time, it is not BBTV resistance banana plants

...

Nurhashunatil Mar’ah1, Safika Safika2*, Agustin Indrawati2

... udder rinses water were resistant to amoxicillin, cefotaxime, ampicillin (100%), and ceftazidime (60%). Samples obtained from milker hand swabs results were resistant to amoxicillin, cefotaxime, and ampicillin (100%). The cattle udder swab samples showed resistance to ampicillin and amoxicillin (100%), cefotaxime (75%), and ceftazidime (50%). Gene resistance detection found that water samples encoded blaTEM gene (100%), Udd...

Haseeb Zafar1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1*, Zain-Ul- Abideen1, Muhammad Kamran Taj2, Sibtain Ahmad3 , Umbreen Zafar2 

...acycline were found 100% resistant while, imipenem, chloramphenicol, tobramycin and ciprofloxacin showed 100% susceptibility to E. coli isolates. These results showed that the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli is very high in Quetta district thus, strict biosecurity and control of non-judicial use of antibiotics in poultry production is warranted. 

...

Aimal Zeb1, Abdur Rauf1*, Nabila Bano2, Muhammad Qayash3, Muhammad Yasin4, Ikramullah Khan1, Syed Abidullah1, Wisal Khan5, Muhammad Asmat Ullah2, Abdul Ghaffar Khan6 and Samrin Gul

...orphogenetic and disease-resistant characteristics during 2019-2020. It was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications of seven varieties (PVH-1600, PVH-2275, PVH-2340, PVH-2324, PVH-2329, SPT-G-28, and K-399). The plant height, leaf dimensions, green leaves, cured leaves weight, nicotine, and reduced sugar contents were examined. Analysis showed highly significant differences (P>0.01) among varieties for examined traits....

Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Naveed2,3*, Muhammad Shafiq2, Irfan Rasool2 and Muhammad Afzal Zahid2

... for high yield and wilt resistant recombinants in subsequent generations. Resultantly, a uniform and high yielding progeny line PCK-09012, later designated as “Noor-2019” was selected and evaluated for yield, agronomy, and insect pests. This cultivar revealed a potential yield of 2882 kg ha-1 in testing phase and outperformed standard checks by producing 78.2%, 13.1%, and 28.8% higher grain yield in station, adaptation and national uniform yield t...

Alif Rahman Rohim Puarada*, Safika, Agustin Indrawati

...e presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria among wild bird species in remote habitats, suggesting the potential for these avian populations to serve as reservoirs and sources for emergent AMR profiles. Recognizing the critical role of wildlife in AMR dynamics this study focuses on birds of paradise, indigenous to Indonesia. Their gastrointestinal microbiome, intricately shaped by a unique ecological milieu, presents a compelling avenue for exploring AMR genes...

MUHAMMAD MANSHA1, MAIRA HAFEEZ1, QAMAR ALI1, ABRAR HUSSAIN1, MUHAMMAD TARIQ1 & ATIF YAQUB2

... against microorganisms, resistant to presently available anti-microbials. In the present study, 13 hydrazone derivatives were screened in vitro for their biological activity against microorganisms by employing agar well diffusion method. The microbes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were cultured on agar plates. Wells in agar plates were loaded with 50 μl of 0.02 μg/ml and 0.04 μg/ml of hydrazone derivatives. Biological a...

ZUBIA RASHID1, ZULFIQAR ALI MIRANI2, SITWAT ZEHRA1, SYED MUDDASSAR HUSSAIN GILANI3, ARIF ALI CHISHTI1, ABID AZHAR1 & SADDIA GALANI1*

...bial strategies for drug-resistant pathogens is desired. Here, Phytogenic Feed Additives (PFA) were administered in chicken diet to decipher their impact on animal performance and gut microbiota composition. One-hundred-fifty-day-old chicks were randomly divided into three treatment groups with five replicates/group as (i) Control diets (CON); (ii) Control diets + 0.01% w/v enramycin (antibiotic growth promoter, AB); (iii) Control diets + 3% w/v blend of garli...

MUHAMMAD NAEEM RAZA1, KALSOOM SUGHRA1* & NADIA ZEESHAN1

...le for treatment of high resistant cases of HCV. Further studies are needed to find out the exact cause of high viral load in this region.

...

*AMNA SHOAIB, AROOJ SHEZAD, ARSHAD JAVAID, SUNDUS AKHTAR & ZOIA ARSHAD AWAN

...s provides the basis for resistant in chickpea.

...

Teedzai Chitura*

...;">The emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms threatens human and animal health. The inappropriate use of prescribed antibiotics as growth promoters in livestock production is the main contributor of antimicrobial resistance. As a result, there have been growing calls by consumers and international health organizations for reduced application of antibiotic growth promoters in livestock production. To address this problem, several animal feed commissioners ...

Nadia Kèmi Assana Chabi1, Gildas Codjo Tchemadon1,2*, Olaïgbé Lydie Hounkpatin3, Paul Kouété Jimmy4 and Leonard Antoine Chaffara Afouda1

...tion programs focused on resistant varieties to viruses and improve the agricultural practices of farmers.

...

Shishir Sharma1*, Suk Bahadur Gurung2, Ritesh Kumar Yadav1, Bibek Phulara1 and Laxmi Prasad Joshi1

...sing Rampur Hybrid 10 as resistant check in a rod row design from October 2020 to March 2021 at the National Maize Research Program’s research farm in Rampur, Chitwan. The goal includes identifying correlations between genotypes, estimating the proportionate contribution of various disease characteristics, and selecting eligible parent lines for hybridization purposes utilizing principal component analysis and Ward’s clustering. Correlation assessm...

Rahamdad Khan1, Abdul Basit, Syed Majid Rasheed* and Syed Salim Shah

...is variety showed strong resistant towards
the allelopathic effects of both the tested invasive weeds.
...
Jae-Eup Park,Lee, In-Yong,Chang-Seok Kim,Byung-Chul Moon,Oh-Do Kwon,Jeongran Lee

Abdur Rahman Khan1*, Mansoor Ali Khan1, Abdur Rehman1 and Muhammad Umair Khan1

... are highly hydrophobic, resistant to pesticides, promising physico-mechanical properties, UV resistance, eco-friendly and fire retardant etc. Nano-structures accelerate and enhance the durability and life span of building materials and furniture. The nanotechnology scavenges the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the synthetic adhesive used in wood panels. Due to the vast scope of nanoparticle, it paves a way to use nano-structure in wood composit...
Tanvir Hussain, G. M. Nasir and Ayaz Khan
...lba wood may be more resistant to deteriorating agents in comparison to Morus nigra. Further, the wood of both the species may also be suitable for pulp and paper making....
Tanvir Hussain, Zahid Rauf and G. M. Nasir
... the species may be less resistant to biological agents however, the seasoning and preservation behaviour of the woods may be slow. Based on the results of strength properties the wood of Fraxinus xynthoxyloides and Alnus nitida can be used in making items where minimum forces and loads act on the wood. Quercus wood has very good machining, nailing, carving, routing properties and can be used in making agricultural implements and tool hand...
Tanvir Hussain
...neraria) may be more resistant to Ganoderma lucidum than the other studied species....
Muhammad Afzal, Aqeela Mobeen Akhter and Masood Amjad
...one-year-old branches of resistant plus trees of Shisham having 15-20 year age and 35-40 cm diameter from different places of district Faisalabad. These cuttings were collected during January-February. The length of cuttings was kept uniform as 23 cm with a thickness of 10 mm. The cuttings were treated with bleach with 1:4 ratio for half hour to disinfect them from any pest/pathogen infestation. Auxins used were Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), Indole Butyric Acid (I...
Sardar M. Rafique and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...-MKD strain was the most resistant while C-102 the least resistant with 4.0% and 10% mortality, respectively. However, difference among 205-MKD, J-99, J-101 and 208-PO was statistically non-significant. Overall mortality at higher temperature and relative humidity (30+1oC and 80+2% rH) was highly significant (P0.01). Mortality was escalated in all the test strains except 206-MKD and 206-PO Mortality increased in a...
Mahmood Nasir and Mohammad Noor
...the species is a grazing resistant The cover percent (5%), above ground biomass (78 kg/ha) and density (3) of

Cymbopogon jawarancusa were higher in un-protected area. The data show that Chrysopogon aucheri is a decreaser while Cymbopogon jawarancusa is an increaser under prevailing free grazing in Mithawan rangelands. The higher cover percent, above ground biomass and density of Chrysopogon aucheri and Eleusine compressa in p...

Anwar Ali, Kamran Khan, Ayaz Khan Marwat, Sajid Aman and Irfan Ullah
...rried out. Seven drought resistant tree species were planted in three replications on RCB design. After plantation in 2017 the survival and height data of each species were collected every year in June till 2020 and analysed statistically. Acacia ampliceps and Acacia elata gained maximum height than Acacia nilotica, Zizyphus mauritiana, Acacia victoriae, Acacia catechu and Acacia stenophylla

Mean heights recorded for differen...
Ayaz Khan Marwat, Kamran Khan, Anwar Ali, Sajid Aman and Irfan Ullah
...ried out. Twelve drought resistant tree species were planted in three replications on RCB design. After plantation in 2017 the survival and height data of each plant species were collected every year in June till 2020 and analysed statistically. The result showed that maximum height was gained by Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Acacia albida than Acacia nilotica, Acacia ampliceps, Acacia nilotica (Cup), Tamarix aphylla, Acacia farnesiana, ...
G. A. Bajwa and M. N. Ashiq
... was relatively the most resistant strain to flacherie and grasserie while J-101 was relatively the most susceptible strain to these microbial diseases. 206-MKD and C-102 were intermediate between 207-PO and J-101, however they were relatively more resistant to grasserie than flacherie....
Hanif Gul
... wood resistance trails, resistant wood extractive trials, influence of plant stress on termites infestation. Population assessment trial carried out in different localities showed the species wise distribution along with their strength. Wood resistance, trials showed the Dalbergia sissoo, Cedrus deodara and Acacia nilotica as the most resistant wood while Salmalia malabarica and Populus x-eura...
Udo Schickhoff Dr.
...plalatable and browsing resistant species. A detailed vegetation mapping has revealed that the potential forest areas have decreased by c. 50%. The historical transformation processes from forests into farm and rangelands can be differentiated into several periods with varying degrees of intensity. It turns out that the dynamics of landscape change are heavily dependent on the general socio-economic conditions. Until the beginning of the nineteenth ce...
Mehar Nigar Ashiq, Muhammad Iqbal Ahmad and Raj Muhammad
...s in a year and is also resistant to silkworm diseases, high temperature and low humidity....
Anwar Ahmad Khan and Shakeel Haider Zaidi
...S. khasianum was resistant. Chemical analysis of berries depicted higher percentage of solasodine content (2.65%) in S. khasianum as compared to S.mammosum (1.5%). The results of chemical analysis are in conformity with Atal and Kapoor 1977.Spacing of 75 x 75 cm was found to be suitable in both the species. S. khasianum on the basis of better performance and resistance to black shank disease could be recommended for cultivat...
M. Ismail Chaudhry, Nasrullah Khan and M. Arshad
... grandis proved most resistant while Salmalia malabarica, Abies pindrow and Picea smithiana were the most susceptible timbers....
Amjad Mahmood Chima
... of daffodils. Varieties resistant to nematode attack differed in their multiplication rates....
M.I. Sheikh, Abdul Aleem and Mohammad Hafiz
...of aprons.
4. Light resistant type of plastic was mere durable....
Mohammad Hafeez
...of aprons.
4. Light resistant type plastic was more durable. ...
Jalal-ud-Din and M. Farooq
...al flora or drought/salt resistant tree species. If, however, sufficient water is made available for intensive forestry, the reclamation of saline-sodic soils could be undertaken by using gypsum and growing high delta crops. The dense soil mass could be improved by subsoiling and green manuring. The sand dunes cannot be brought under irrigated plantation. They could be developed as range land, or used for wild life....

Helal F. Al-Harthi1*, Essam H. Eldrehmy1,2, Afaf Eladl3, Marwa I Abd El-Hamid2*

... (MDR) among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a significant threat worldwide. Thus, the current work was designed to elucidate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of S. aureus among meat and meat products’ samples in Egypt and to determine the virulence genes profiles of MDR biofilm-producing MRSA isolates. A total of 150 samples were obtained from bovine meat (n= 30) and meat products (n= 120) samples in...

Kremlin Mark B. Ampode

...ial spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This study investigated the effectiveness of Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) leaf meal (OLM) as a potential antibiotic alternative in enhancing broiler chicken growth performance. A completely randomized design was employed with 125 Cobb broiler chickens and five treatment groups. The diets included antibiotics (0.0025%) in T1, and groups supplemented with varying OLM levels T2 (1%), T3 (3%), T4 (5%), and T5 receiving...

Ahmad Shandookh Hameed1, Ali Abd Kadhum2 and Murtada Wafi Beden1

...hogens ,their antibiotic resistant profile and mortality rate of SARS-CoV-2 patients. A total of 41 patients with ventilator associated pneumonia of whom 23 were confirmed positive. for SARS-CoV-2 (infectious group) and 18 were tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 (non-infectious), were recruited in this study during the period from February to September 2022 at Al-Hussein. Teaching Hospital in Thi-Qar province, Iraq. Endotracheal aspirate samples were collected for...

Imania Ghaffar1, Ali Hussain2*, Arshad Javid1 and Shahid Mehmood1

...ptake potential of metal-resistant Aspergillus flavus at laboratory scale under pre-optimized conditions. A. flavus showed a remarkable potential of remediating simulated wastewater, i.e., 100% Hg2+ reduction was achieved at 25 mg/L of the added metal in 15 days of incubation. On higher concentrations like 75 and 100 mg/L, A. flavus showed almost negligible reduction of Hg2+ but this strain was able to tolerate Hg2+ up to 200 mg/L. Polystyrene microbeads at a ...

Walid Elmonir1*, Dalia Abdeltawab1, Hanem El-Sharkawy2 and Rasha N. Zahran3

...gn: justify;">Multi-drug resistant (MDR) non-typhoidal Salmonella in poultry food chain are emerging worldwide. This study aimed to estimate the serotypes diversity, virulence and antimicrobial resistance traits of non-typhoidal Salmonella in commercial and backyard egg production systems in Kafrelsheikh Governorate, Egypt. A total of 610 samples (200 egg shells, 200 egg contents, and 210 environmental samples) were collected from 10 commercial layers farms an...

Azhar Ali1, Faheem Ahmed Khan2, Wu Di3, Huang Chunjie3, Muhammad Rizwan Yousaf1, Bilal Ahmed1, Farwa Shakeel1, Nuruliarizki Shinta Pandupuspitasari1, Windu Negara2, Bambang Waluyo Hadi Eko Prasetiyono1*

...eservation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This work employed shotgun metagenomics to examine antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) present in the feces of dairy cattle. The presence of resistance genes in the feces indicates that certain microorganisms carry several resistance genes, which are often found in close proximity and originate from various species. Our findings indicates that the gastrointestinal system of dairy cows harbors a repertoire of 216 anti...

Aysha Fatima1, Safdar Ali1, Saira Azmat2, Luqman Amrao1, Muhammad Usman Ghani3*, Yasir Iftikhar4, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan4*, Adeel Ahmad5 and Humaira Kalsoom6

...o;Johir” expressed resistant (R) response out of 6 entries. The response of 2 varieties “Nadir F1 and Gohar” was tolerant, “Walter Gaint FM9” was susceptible (S) while “Naqeeb F1 and Money Maker” were highly susceptible (HS) against early blight. The varieties “Nadir F1, Naqeeb F1, Johir and Gohar” were used for management purpose. The plants were treated with zinc sulphate (ZnSO4), copper sulphate (CuSO4),...

Hamid Ullah Khan1*, Muhammad Anas1*, Rozina Gul1, Waseem Ullah Shah1, Abdul Haleem2, Muneeb Ahamd Khan1, Muhammad Taimur1, Tahreem Shah1, Sajjad Ur Rahman1, Noman Anjum1 and Muhammad Saqib3

...ere to identify pod worm-resistant/tolerant and high-yielding genotypes over two years along with other desirable traits that could be manipulated in future chickpea breeding programs. The experimental material consisted of 45 chickpea genotypes tested over two years in the Randomize Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar. Data was documented in terms of days of emergence, days to flower, plant height, p...

Suhair Sh. Al-Siraj1, Jihan M. Badr2 and Dalia M.A. El-Masry3*

...strain has mecA and blaZ resistant genes and coa virulent gene, but no Sea virulent gene. However, E. coli carried Stx2 and iss (Virulent genes) and Mcr1 and floR (resistance genes). The nano-emulsion extract of laurusnobilis Sub-MIC highly reduced the relative expression of Staphylococcus aureus’s coA gene and antibiotic-resistant genes (mecA and blaZ genes) and E.coli’s Stx2 and iss genes and antibiotic-

Qais Abdulrahman M. Al-Jaghifi, Zina Saab Khudhir* 

...gent against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from frozen and fresh beef was evaluated. Bacterial isolates were confirmed using cultural, biochemical, and the VITEK 2 system. All suspected MRSA isolates tested positive for MRSA. In frozen meat samples (n=50) collected from different markets in Baghdad city, the number and isolation percentage (%) of S. aureus and MRSA were 11/50 (22%) and 4/50 (8%), respectively. In fresh meat sample...
Abdul Majeed Saim1, Arshad Javid1, Misbah Sarwar2­, Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman3 and Ali Hussain4*
...rica isolates were found resistant to amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole, while sensitive against doxycycline, gentamycin, and tetracycline. E. coli isolates showed positive results in catalase, indole, and methyl red tests while S. enterica isolates showed negative in citrate, lactose, and urease tests. E. coli and S. enterica strains were 100% and 99% identical, respectively, to previously isolated E. coli and S. enterica strains. Overall preva...
Sohaila Fathi El-Hawary1, Nermeen M.L. Malak2, Reda A. Gomaa3, Hesham Z. Tawfeuk3, Suzan Ismail4, Nady Khairy Elbarbary5*
...the isolates were highly resistant to many commonly used antimicrobial drugs in Egypt. These drugs included ampicillin, tetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole. The average MAR score was 0.530 indicating that the isolates have acquired a hereditary resistance that poses a public health hazard to customers. Moreover, the marinate with 5% lemon juice (LJ) and 3% pomegranate peel (PPE) extract had a positive impact on the diminution of V. cholerae and V. par...

Mohamed Ahmed Abaza1, Amany O. Selim2, Mona Abdallah3, Shimaa A.E. Atwa4, Hala El Daous5, Mona Abd-Allah Abd-Elrehim6, Mohamed M.S. Gaballa7, Reda R. Fathy1*

... was to control the drug-resistant E. coli O6 infection using nano-production of zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs) in both in vitro and vivo studies. ZnO-NPs was applied in one day old specific pathogen free chicks to evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness of 50mg/kg ration dosage compared with colistin as commercial antibiotic at 5 days old. E. coli serotype O6 was the highest prevalent and pathogenic multi drug resistant bacterial st...

Enany M.E.1, Fadel Hanaa M.2, Abo-Shama U.H.3, Ahmed Mona M.1, Kholief M.E.A.4*

...ate biotypes were highly resistant 85.7 % in autumn through antimicrobial susceptibility test, conversely to non-nitrate isolates are sensitive 35.7% & 57.1% in autumn and winter, respectively especially for felines against levofloxacin, tetracycline and amoxicillin in presence of vacA 100%, otherwise deficient vacA isolates of sheep; nitrate and non-nitrate biotypes from milk and congested gut in summer and spring, respectively representing cagA & hrg...

Ashraf Samir Hakim1*, Doaa Diab Khalaf1, Engy Farahat1, Mohammed Darwish Mohammed1, Wahid Hussein El-Dabae1, Khaled Abd El-Hamid Abd El‑Razik2, Amany Nabil Dapgh3, Ehab Ali Fouad4, Hussein Ahmed Abuelhag1

...ssemination of multidrug resistant uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) which causes community-acquired UTI in pets and human community has been monitored. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of shared uropathogenic E. coli serotypes isolated from companion animals and human as well as assessed their virulence determinants which implemented in pathogenesis and severity of infection via phenotypic and molecular methods. Besides that, the study determi...
Faiza Ghazanfar1, Masood Rabbani1*, Aamir Ghafoor2 and Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq3
...rofile of multiple drugs resistant (MDR) strains of thermophilic C. jejuni from broiler chickens. A total of 375 cloacal swab samples were collected by systematic sampling method of commercial broiler farms in and around Lahore and examined for the presence of thermophilic C. jejuni. Their prevalence was found to be 53% (200/375). Confirmation was done by biochemical and molecular (Polymerase chain reaction) testing methods. Phylogenetic tree analysis was also...

Mona F. Shousha1*, Aml M. Ragab2 and Salwa M. Helmy1

...d the emerging multidrug-resistant strains. As a result, this study determined the patterns of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella spp., which was isolated from sick broilers from different farms in Egypt. Then, we investigated the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Salmonella isolates. First, 800 internal organs (heart, liver, intestine, and yolk sac) were collected from 200 infected broilers to ge...

Muhammad Ahmad1, Safdar Ali1*, Amer Habib1, Muhammad Usman Ghani2,3, Humaira Kalsoom4, Yasir Iftikhar5 and Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan5*

...rieties like Hike showed resistant response, HON-304E moderately resistant, Kaseer and Rosabella showed a moderatly susceptible response, Sultan and Tarzan showed a susceptible response, and Phulkara (Check) showed highly susceptible response in disease development and spread. Meteorological variables showed that disease severity negatively correlated with temperature. Rainfall enhanced disease development, sunlight duration...

Nguyen Khanh Thuan1*, Bui Thi Le Minh1, Ngo Van Thong1,2, Nguyen Ho Thanh Tuyen1, Nguyen Lam Truong1, Pham Minh Thien1 

...feces were significantly resistant to ampicillin (61.30%, 81.81%), followed by streptomycin (54.84%, 63.64%). However, those E. coli strains were still sensitive to some of the antibiotics, especially ofloxacin (100%). A total of 71.43% of E. coli strains depicted resistance against multiple antibiotics, and the resistant pattern of ampicillin and streptomycin was the most predominant. Detection and confirmation by PCR assay...
Maimoona Imran2, Farah Rauf Shakoori2*, Soumble Zulfiqar1
Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1*
... ZraS with lead and zinc resistant genes. This regulator also possesses weak associations with Cue and Cut regulons and starvation sensing system.

...

Mahmoud Ezzat1, Fatma Youssef2, Ahmed Eid1, Marwa E. Abo Hashem1*

... 2/2). All serovars were resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin (100%). Multidrug-resistance (MDR) was detected in SEP, STP, STH by 100%, 80% and 50%, respectively. invA, stn genes were detected by 100% in all serovars. ermB was detected in SEP, STH and STP by 100%, 100% and 80% respectively. aadB gene was detected in SEP, STP and STH by 100%, 80% and 50%, respectively. stn sequencing revealed similarity between S. Typhimurium of human and S. Typhimurium an...
Abrar ul Haq1, Shusheng Yin2, Amara Maryam1, Muhammad Khan1*, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Muhammad Akhtar Ali3, Muhammad Irfan4, Muhammad Faisal Maqbool1 and Yongming Li2*
...HCC97-L, A2780 and taxol resistant Hey-T30 cells in a dose-dependent fashion. Using Molecular docking study, we found that lathyrol exhibits strong binding interactions with STAT3 DNA binding domain through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions with various amino acid residues of STAT3. Using immunoblotting, we found that lathyrol did not inhibit STAT3 phosphorylation and dimerization. Moreover, we showed that lathyrol induces apoptosis as evident from...

Sehar Aslam1, Muhammad Qasim1*, Mohsin Khurshid2*, Usman Ali Ashfaq1 and Muhammad Akhtar Ali3

...ivity against antibiotic-resistant pathogens, such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The anti-cancer activity of all isolates was also evaluated against the Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2), and all isolates showed significant anticancer activity. These findings validate the beneficial therapeutic values of novel probiotic strains isolated from dairy sources, specifically Dahi, and suggest that they could be used in food and drug...
Mat Zin Ain-Auzureen1, Maizan Mohamed1, Tan Li Peng1, Mohd Faizal Ghazali2, Choong Siew Shean1, Kamaruddin Mardhiah3, Najiah Musa4, Nora Faten Afifah Mohamad5, Chai Min Hian2 and Ruhil Hayati Hamdan1*
...i Besut, Terengganu were resistant to all antibiotics tested. The statistical analysis revealed that the mean MARi in Besut, Terengganu was significantly higher than in other locations (P=0.032). Additionally, the index score between MARi and MVGi was found to be significantly different (P=0.013), indicating a possible relationship between the two variables. The outcome of this study may be helpful in elucidating V. alginolyticus pathogeni...

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture

September

Vol.40, Iss. 3, Pages 680-1101

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