Asma-ul-Husna1, Muhammad Sajjad Ansari2, Bushra Allah Rakha3, Rabea Ejaz1, Nemat Ullah1 and Shamim Akhter1*
...ept over liquid nitrogen vapours for 10 min and plunged in liquid nitrogen for storage. Thawing was performed after 24 h of storage, at 37°C for 30 seconds and post-thaw sperm quality parameters were assessed. Sperm progressive motility, plasma membrane integrity, acrosomal integrity, viability and chromatin integrity was higher (P<0.05) in extender containing melatonin 0.1 mM and 0.5 mM compared to control. In conclusion, the addition of melatonin 0.1-...
Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman1, Farzana Abbas1, Muhammad Ashraf1, Naeem Tariq Narejo2, Khalid Javed Iqbal3, Ghulam Abbas4* and Syedah Andleeb5
... injected 1st dose with ovaprim + HCG (0.3+0.3ml) and female fish was given 2nd dose after 24 hrs of intervals with ovaprim (0.2ml), while 1st dose ovaprim (0.7ml)+HCG (1.0ml) and 2nd dose ovaprim (0.7ml) was given to the females. The treatment which was given 35% protein diet received 1st HCG+HMG (0.3+0.3ml) and ovapr...
Wajid Hasan1 and C. P. Singh2
Relationship between the population of mustard aphid,Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) and weather parameters on different cultivars of Indian mustard ( Brassica juncea L.)
...ainfall, wind velocity, evaporation and positive with afternoon and morning relative humidity. The values of coefficient of determination (R ) were high (0.92 to 0.99), indicated that the population of L. erysimi governed significantly with the weather parameters. It concluded that the temperature (max. 18.7 and min. 5.0 C), relative humidity (morning 91.5 and afternoon 50.5 percent), rainfall (000.0 mm), evaporation (below ...
Abdul Razaq*, Muhammad Jamal Khan*, Tahir Sarwar* and Mohammad Jamal Khan**
EFFECT OF DEFICIT IRRIGATION, SOWING METHODS AND MULCHING ON WHEAT YIELD AND NITROGEN UPTAKE
...g temperature with high evaporation rate and poor sowing, an experiment was conducted at the research farm of the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during 2011-12. In the study three factors were studied i.e., sowing methods, mulching and deficit irrigation with four levels viz: full irrigation (DI ), 20% deficit irrigation (DI ), 40% deficit irrigation (DI ) and 60% deficit irrigation (DI ). Soil moisture was continuously monitored and full irrigation was d...
Mirza Imran Shahzad1, Hina Ashraf2,*, Muhammad Arshad3, Sabeeha Parveen4, Amna Aslam4, Nargis Naz4, Zahid Kamran1, Sumbul Gohar Khalid5, Sajid Hameed1, Muhammad Ashfaq6 and Muhammad Mukhtar7
... concentrated by rotary evaporator and finally dissolved in distilled water before taking their antiviral trials in 7-11 days old chicken embryonated eggs. The viral loads were determined through heamagglutination (HA) test. The methanolic extract of each plant was found effective against NDV but in varying order. The active extracts were further used in different concentrations and IC50 of each extract was calculated. The extract of Achyranthes ...
Radek Aulicky1,*, Vaclav Stejskal1 and George Opit2
... 1-, 6-, and 24-h DDVP (evaporation rate: 0.15 ± 0.02 g.day-1) strip exposures on 5 stored-product pests, namely, Tribolium castaneum, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus granarius in an experimental chamber. We tested two DDVP evaporation regimes from the strips, namely, “preventive” and “repressive&rd...
Rashid Iqbal1,2, Mathias Neumann Andersen1*, Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza2, Muhammad Adil Rashid1 and Salman Ahmad2
... and DI, 100 and 50% of evapotranspiration (ET) was replaced by irrigating the entire pot surface every 4-5 days. For PRD, root system was split into two equal halves and during each irrigation event, only one-half of the root system was irrigated with the same amount of water as applied to DI, and subsequently, irrigation was switched to the second half. PRD irrigation significantly improved WUE (both photosynthetic and intrinsic) and instantaneous carboxylat...
Zakirullah1, Hamayun Khan1, Ali Gohar2, Haq Amanullah1,*, Muhammad Younas1, Muhammad Tarique Tunio3, Muhammad Saleem Khan4, Ibrar Muhammad Khan1 and Noushad Khan5
...ooled in liquid nitrogen vapors for 10 min. followed by storage at -196°C for assessment. Progressive motility and viability of spermatozoa were significantly higher in 1.5 mM and 1.0 mM L-cysteine supplemented groups in comparison with 0.5 mM or 0 mM. The number of supra-vital hypo-osmotic swelling test positive spermatozoa at 1.5 mM and 1.0 mM was greater in comparison with lower concentration of 0.5 or 0 mM L-cysteine. Furthermore, significant improveme...
Aamir Saleem1, Arshad Mahmood Malik2*, Najam Ul Hassan1 and Imtiaz A. Qamar3
... fall, temperature, pan evaporation, sunshine and wind speed for interpreting results along with their statistical analysis as fixing legume with grass has improved the forage quality. Overall, these results has suggested that grass-legume mixtures can improve livestock and pasture productivity, sustainability and as well as to fix atmospheric nitrogen and this may improve soil N status also. These mixtures were also recommended for use in the semi-arid region...
Olufisayo Bamidele* and Safiriyu Idowu Ola
...cro;g/kgBW of sGnRHa in Ovaprim®, respectively. Blood samples were collected pre injection and at 60 and 120 minutes post insemination. Data recorded were Plasma LH levels, kindling rate, total kit born, total born alive, still born, weight of kits at birth and gestation period (days) and were analyzed using Analysis of variance of the General Linear Model procedure and t-test where appropriate. The plasma LH for the AI groups peaked at 60mins while it pea...
Alicja Kowalczyk1, Marian Kuczaj2, Anna Szul3 and Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska4*
...rozen in liquid nitrogen vapour using a computer controlled automatic freezer. After one day, straws were thawed in a water bath at 38ºC for 20 sec and then were examined. Semen analysis included viability, DNA defragmentation and motility of spermatozoa were being estimated. The addition of 2μg / mL of the GnRH analogue significantly (P <0.05) improved the percentage of live spermatozoa compared to the control group. Samples with supplemente...
Tajwali Khan1*, Ihtzaz Qamar1, Feroz Shah2, Kareem Akhtar2, Rehman Akhtar3
MODEL FOR FUEL DROPLET EVAPORATION IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF LIQUID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES
...ken by a droplet to get evaporated. An analytical
mono component fuel droplet evaporation model is developed and proposed for droplet evaporation in liquid rocket
engine based on heat and mass transfer. Effect of the fuel droplet curvature on vapor pressure is incorporated in the
model. The model is applied on a small-scale combustio...
mono component fuel droplet evaporation model is developed and proposed for droplet evaporation in liquid rocket
engine based on heat and mass transfer. Effect of the fuel droplet curvature on vapor pressure is incorporated in the
model. The model is applied on a small-scale combustio...
Muhammad Shahzad Khattak*1, Barkatullah1, Ayesha Aziz1, Jamil Ahmad2, Mohammad Sharif3, Mukand Singh Babel4, Muhammad Fahad5
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CROP WATER REQUIREMENT UNDER MULTI - REPRESENTATIVE CONCENTRATION PATHWAYS DURING MID-CENTURY: A CASE STUDY OF D. I. KHAN
...s conducted to estimate evapotranspiration (ETo) and crop
water requirements (CWR) of wheat and maize crops of the study area during mid (2040-2059) century under emission
scenarios based on Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs). The methodology employed here involves
the comparison of temperature and precipitation data projected by different GCM with the observed data. The delta
change and ratio method was used to obtain the...
water requirements (CWR) of wheat and maize crops of the study area during mid (2040-2059) century under emission
scenarios based on Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs). The methodology employed here involves
the comparison of temperature and precipitation data projected by different GCM with the observed data. The delta
change and ratio method was used to obtain the...
Abdul Malik*, Abdul Sattar Shakir**, Muhammad Jamal Khan***, Muhammad Latif**, Zia-ul-Haq*
YIELD RESPONSE AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF SUGAR BEET IN SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENT UNDER DIFFERENT DEFICIT IRRIGATION REGIMES
... between root yield and evapotranspiration was linear. It can be concluded from the study that, for better sugar beet yield, full irrigation treatment should be used for semi arid conditions with no water shortage. However, in water limited situation, sugar beet may be irrigated at 80% offull irrigation. This might decrease the sugar beet root and sugar yields by 13.7% and 9.10%, however it may save 20% irrigation water that can be used to bring more area...
Muhammad Irfan*, Saeed Gul*, Mohammad Younas*
SOLAR STILL PERFORMANCE FOR SEA WATER PURIFICATION: A STATISTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
...d optimized for maximum evaporation rate of model sea water. The various parameters such as water depth in still, average day temperature and average water temperature in still were studied experimentally and verified statistically though ANOVA (analysis of variance). It was found that the water temperature in the still is the most significant parameter that largely affects the evaporation rate. The fresh...
Asad Naeem Shah1,2, GE Yun-shan1, HE Chao1,3
MACROSCOPIC SPRAY CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL AND BIODIESEL-DIESEL BLEND: AN EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISON
...y role in the fuel evaporation and mixing of fuel with air in the combustion chamber. It was found that the injection pressure, spray tip penetration and cone angle of the fuels increased with the increase in injection duration. Furthermore, the injection pressure of B20 was higher than that of diesel because of its higher incompressibility, which increased the droplet momentum and tip penetration. The ambient pressure displayed a stronger&...
Iftikhar Jan* and Sahib Alam
...ence, ammonium hydroxide vapor induced color change and sclerotia production) and immunological methods i.e., enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All the four cultural methods successfully differentiated aflatoxigenic and nonaflatoxigenic isolates, however ammonium hydroxide vapor induced test was found to be the most efficient (80.29%) for segregation of the isolates. Among all isolates, thirty were screened for thei...
Saeed Akram Khan1, Shahid Sherzada1*, Muhammad Ashraf1, Durr-e-Shehwar1, Sonia Iqbal1, Usman Atique1,3, Farzana Abbas1, Sohail Ahmad2 and Muhammad Sultan Haider4
...y the administration of ovaprim or its analogues. However, the conditions of the induced environment vary from place to place as well as the dose of ovaprim. The present investigation is focused on possible impact of different temperatures on the induced spawning behavior of C. mrigala. The factors investigated include the ovulation time, embryonic and larval development, and yolk sac absorption induced at 4 different water ...
Athhar Manabi Diansyah1, Muhammad Yusuf2*, Abdul Latief Toleng2, Muhammad Ihsan Andi Dagong2
Djoko Kisworo*, Martina Safitri, BRD Wulandani, Bulkaini, Syamsuhaidi
...mainly due to bacteria, evaporation of the egg contents, indicated by egg weight loss, Haugh Unit (HU), air cavity, and an increase in pH. This research aims to determine the best level of sour starfruit (SSF) extract on the shelf life of chicken eggs. A Completely randomized design (CRD) was used in a 3 x 3 factorial pattern with five replications. The Factors were the level of SSF (0%, 10%, and 20%) and storage time (2, 4, and 6 weeks). Data were analyzed ac...
Nuzhat Kamal1, Muhammed Sajjad Ansari2*, Bushra Allah Rakha1, Shamim Akhter1, Saima Qadeer1 and Ali Akhter1
...ept over liquid nitrogen vapors for 10 min. Then straws were plunged into liquid nitrogen (-196°C) for storage. After 24 h of storage, straws were thawed at 37°C for 30 seconds and assessed for sperm motility (%), plasma membrane integrity (%), viability (%), normal apical ridge (%) and chromatin integrity (%). Sperm motility was recorded higher in extender containing 15mM alanine compared to control. Sperm viability was recorded higher in extender con...
Ghani Akbar*, Zafar Islam, Muhammad Umar and Shahi Salam
...r productivity based on evapotranspiration (WPET). The field results indicated, comparable yield for the NB treatment but increased (2.4%) the water productivity based on irrigation input (WPi), saved (3%) irrigation water and reduced (3%) deep drainage losses than the FB treatment. However, the WB treatment reduced (7.5%) crop yield, but increased the WPi (242%) and saved (73%) irrigation water. Thus, optimally managed furrow and drip irrigated raised beds ca...
Phan Truong Khanh* and Tran Thi Hong Ngoc
...the FAO-Penman-Monteith Evapotranspiration Model to calculate evapotranspiration of rice harvests in the province of An Giang, Vietnam, and evaluating the entire water demand for the production of rice in the year 2020. The results showed that the value ET0 for rice in An Giang province ranged from 3.2 to 3.91 mm.d-1, and averaged 3.73 ± 0.34mm.d-1 (equivalent to 1,323 mm.yr-1). Crop evap
Mustafa Erkan Özgür1*, Selim Erdogan2, Songül Aydemir3 and Hatice Yumusakbas2
Sigit Bintara1*, Riyan Nugroho Aji1, Panjono2, Ali Agus3
...zen into liquid nitrogen vapor about 5 cm above the liquid nitrogen surface for 10 minutes. Freezing was run by immersing the forage in liquid nitrogen for 24 hours before the post-thawing examination. Results showed that spermatozoa diluted with egg yolk citrate supplemented with 3% lycopene (P3) had better quality than that found in the other four treatments, namely motility before freezing (70.86%) and post thawing (53.00%); viability before freezing (76.00...
Ying Chen1, Chao-Zheng Li2, Zhun Yu3, Jia Zhou4, Yan Xu4, Zhe Lin4, He Lin4* and Xiao-Wei Huang4*
Xiao-Wei Huang1,2, Mei-Li Liu1, Jin-Ji Wang1, Yue-Xin Liu3, Zhe Lin1, Chun-Shu Rong4* and Ji-Xiang Ren4*
Muhammad Sultan1,4, Muhammad H. Mahmood2,4, Takahiko Miyazaki3,4, Shigeru Koyama3,4, Zahid M. Khan1
...d open cycle based water vapor adsorption kinetics for the development of desiccant air-conditioning system. In this regard, a polymer based hydrophilic sorbent was used for close and open cycle adsorption measurements. Gravimetric method based magnetic suspension adsorption measurement unit was used for close-cycle adsorption kinetics measurements. However, the open-cycle adsorption kinetics was determined from the instantaneous measurement of air relative hu...
Kalaiselvi Natarajan1, Karal Marx Karuppiah1, Sheena K Baby1, Sakthivel Mohammed2, Shanmugam Seerappalli Aran1 and Suresh Eswaran1*
...three synthetic hormone ovaprim, ovatide and WOVA -FH at 0.7 ml per kg of body weight. Comparatively WOVA-FH at 0.7 ml per kg showed better performance with higher number of ovulated eggs, fertilization and hatching rate than ovaprim and ovatide. For dose optimization, the matured brooders were administered with synthetic hormone WOVA -FH at three different doses viz., 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 and 1.0 ml per kg of body weight at tri...
*Arshad Javaid1, Syeda Fakehha Naqvi1 and Iqra Haider Khan1
...cted in methanol. After evaporation of the solvent, the remaining
extract was mixed in water and partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform and finally with ethyl
acetate. The last fraction was analyzed through GC-MS that indicated the presence of 15
compounds. These included the three major compounds namely o-xylene (15.03%),
cyclopentanol (13.42%) and 2-hexanol (13.99%). The moderately and less abundant
...
Iqra Haider Khan1, *Arshad Javaid1 and Nadeem Shad1
...ed and the methanol was evaporated on a rotary evaporator.
Thereafter, water was added to the residues and the aqueous mixture was successively
partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Different concentrations
of each fraction were prepared which ranged from 1.562 to 200 mg mL-1. Antifungal activity
was carried out in malt extract broth medium. In gen...
