Salma Shaheen, Muhammad Jamil Khan, Saleem Jilani
...oach by applying organic wastes with readily available source of chemical fertilizer to minimize the risk of reduced plant growth due to immobilization and with EM to enhance mineralization of organic nutrients, therefore warrant testing under field conditions....
Amtul Jamil Sami1*, Madeeha Khalid1, Sara Iqbal1, Maira Afzal1 and A.R. Shakoori2
... be used for sustainable waste water treatment as a coagulant-flocculent due to its ability to coagulate various ionic substances such as metal ions as well as dyes. In the current study novel polymer composites were prepared using natural polymers chitosan and starch in molds. Structure of composites was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. The physical parameters such as weight and swelling degree of composite were studied. Chitosan starch based comp...
Salma Shaheen, Mumtaz Khan, Muhammad Jamil Khan, Saleem Jilani, Zarina Bibi, Muhammad Munir and Mehwish Kiran
...application with organic wastes and chemical fertilizers on enhancing spinach yield is scarce. A pot experiment was conducted at Gomal University D.I. Khan, Pakistan, during 2009-10 to study the changes in soil fertility and spinach growth after the application of EM with organic wastes and chemical fertilizers. The six treatments were; control (T0), 10 tons (t) ha-1 farm yard manure (FYM) (T1), 20 t ha-1 pressmud (T2), 0.7 ...
Zaffar Malik, Moazzam Jamil, Ghulam Hassan Abassi, Muhammmad Nafees, Muhammad Rafey and Muhammad Kamran
...woodchips biochar (WCB), waste water sludge biochar (WSB). The physical and mechanical parameters of vertic soil like soil consistency limits like plastic limit (PL), liquid limit (LL) and plasticity index (PI), tensile strength (TS), shear strength (cohesion (C) and angle of friction (φ)) were studied. Results showed that amendments had improved soil physico-mechanical properties. No specific trends were observed for consistency limit, however, PI decreas...
Muhammad Mohsin Javed*, Muhammad Azhar Nisar, Bushra Muneer and Muhammad Usman Ahmad
...ction by using vegetable waste extract as substrate. The power production was analyzed for three days. Maximum power density of 88990mW/m2 with a current density of 314.4mA/m2 was observed on the second day of process with minimum internal resistance comparatively i.e. 123.23Ω. The higher power density shows efficiency of this U-shaped design compare to other dual chamber MFCs.
...
Sidra Ilyas1, Abdul Rehman1* and Qasim Ilyas2
...isolated from industrial wastewater showed tolerance to Pb (upto 35 mM), As (upto 29 mM), Cu (upto 23 mM), Cd (upto 11 mM) and Cr (upto 8 mM). Exposure to heavy metals at 0.1 mM for 2 days showed a remarkable increase in glutathione (GSH) level after As and Pb treatment in contrast to Cd, Cr and Cu exposure. GSH: GSSG ratio declined after As, Pb and Cr treatment, whereas non-protein thiol levels were higher after Cd and As treatment followed by those of Pb, Cr...
Idowu Fagbamila1*, Adaobi Okeke2, Micheal Dashen2, Patricia Lar2, Sati Ngulukun1, Benshak Audu1, David Ehizibolo1, Paul Ankeli1, Pam Luka1, Maryam Muhammad1
Sadiq Ali* and Ijaz Ahmad Khan
...n spaces like roadsides, wasteland and water ways resulting in loss of local biodiversity. Field survey of district Swabi (Peshawar Valley) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, was carried out during May-June, 2013-14 to study the distribution of Parthenium weed. Five villages were selected and thirty locations were randomly selected from each village. The data revealed that the flora is predominated by parthenium weed with the highest relative density of 63.4% among all we...
Adel Eid Mohamed Mahmoud*
...eding cost by 10%.Bakery waste can replace corn grains and wheat bran in concentrate feed mixtures up to 60 % in growing lambs rations without any adverse effects on animal’s performance with increasing growth rate.
... 
Ahmad Khan1, Raza Ullah Khan1*, Muhammad Zameer Khan1, Fayyaz Hussain1,Muhammad Ehsan Akhtar2, Jalal-Ud-Din3
...al, sunflower, and maize waste materials on onion yield. Four HSs rates; 0, 20, 30 and 40 kg/ha were applied to onion (variety Red Swat) transplanted earlier to field (plot size=1.2×0.8 m2). Results showed that maximum bulb yield of 25.1 and 24.5 t/ha were obtained with application of plant derived HSs; SFDHSs and MDHSs respectively, while 24.7 t/ha bulb were obtained with CDHA applied at the rate of 20 kg/ha. Almost same trend was obse...
B. Ramanujam, R. D. Prasad, S. Sriram and R. Rangeswaran
Mass production, formulation, quality control and delivery of Trichoderma for plant disease management
...eal grains, agricultural wastes and byproducts. The solid state production is highly labour intensive and fit for cottage industry. These products are used mainly for direct soil application in nurseries/main fields to suppress the soil-borne inoculum. In liquid state fermentation, Trichoderma is grown in inexpensive media like molasses and yeast medium in deep tanks on a commercial scale. Biomass from the liquid fermentation can be made into different formula...
Furukh Faiz1,2, Muhammad Issa Khan2, Masood Sadiq2 and Haq Nawaz3
...-align: justify;">Citrus waste is mostly wasted after juice extraction around the world which contains compounds that have positive effects on the health of animals and poultry. In the current studies the citrus waste is dried and mixed with the broiler feed replacing maize from the feed at 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%. 225 birds were reared in 5 treatments and 3 replications of each treatme...
Oaj Khurshid1*, Naureen Aurangzeb1, Ayaz Khan1, Alia Naz1, Abdullah khan1, Sobia Nisa2 and Sehrish Sajawal3
...tance of municipal solid waste (MSW) produced in low, middle and high income areas of Peshawar having the a population more than 2 million. Outcomes of MSW investigation showed the occurrence of great proportion of Decomposable organic matter, adequate moisture content and C/N ratio. On windrow composting, not only the bulk of the waste was compacted but also formed a powdery earthy stinking soil-like, compost material. All ...
Fawad Ali1*, Hidayat Ullah2, Ikhtiar Khan1
...of using highly polluted wastewater for irrigation by local farmers since long has contaminated the soil and now the pollution is being transferred to our food chain. An investigation has been done to ascertain toxic heavy metal concentration in the wastewater, irrigated soil, their accumulation in vegetables, and potential human health risks. The results reveal that Cr concentration in the waste
Bacillus subtilis BML5 Isolated from Soil Contaminated with Poultry Waste has Keratinolytic Activity
Aqsa Imtiaz and Abdul Rehman*
...ontaminated with poultry waste. From amongst nine bacterial keratinase producing isolates were found. The BML5 isolate was identified as Bacillus subtilis based on biochemical characterization and 16S rRNA Ribotyping. B. subtilis BML5 showed maximal keratinase activity at 37°C and at pH 8. An increase in keratinase activity of B. subtilis BML5 was determined in the presence of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Zn...
Maryum Fakhar, Iqra Jabbar, Anjum Nasim Sabri*
...n
urification of waste waters and treating contaminated soils....
urification of waste waters and treating contaminated soils....
Asma Akhtar, Abdul Rehman
... acteria from industrial wastewater. Two bacterial isolates were identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus lactis on the basis of biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequence. The minimum inhibitory concentration of both isolates showed fair growth up to 1 mM of K2Te2O3. Both strains showed maximum growth at 37ºC and pH of 7. The bacterial growth in the presence of metal ions was delayed as compared to the control. High ellurite reduction pot...
Bushra Mazhar1, Nusrat Jahan1, Nazish Mazhar Ali1, Saiqa andleeb2, Shaukat Ali2*
...anillin production using waste residues of rice bran oil. After the screening of different bacterial isolates, a novel strain Enterobacter hormaechei showed significant production of vanillin when inoculated in waste residues of rice bran based media. E. hormaechei produced 5.2 g/l of vanillin in culture media containing ferulic acid as a substrate. Optimum pH for E. hormaechei was 7 and the temperature was 30°C. Using o...
Abdullah Adil Ansari* and Kumar Sukhraj**
...ing on recycling organic waste using vermitechnology and use of vermicompost and vermiwash obtained from the vermitech in varied combinations for exploring the effect on soil and productivity of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in Guyana. The soil quality was monitored during the experiment along with plant growth parameters of Okra. The study revealed that combination organic fertilizers vermicompost and vermiwash combination [VW+VC] compared with control [CON] ...
Tahir Abbas, Bushra Nawab, Rahila Nazli, Rubina Saleem, Amrat Lal and Khalid Jamil*
EFFICACY OF COTTON WASTE COMPOST AND FERTINEMAKIL FERTILIZER ON THE GROWTH PARAMETER OF SUNFLOWER PLANTS
...p;The efficacy of cotton waste compost alone and in combination with Fertinemakil fertilizer on sunflower crop was tested in the field of PCSIR Laboratories Complex Karachi, Pakistan. Individually all the treatment showed maximum plant growth character in terms of plant height, number of flowers, diameter of flowers, 1000 grains weight and oil contents. The highest significant improvement in plant growth characters were recorded in plots treated with cotton
Munir Ahmad*, Asif Ali Mirani**, Hafiz Sultan Mahmood**, Tanveer Ahmad** and Muhammad Azhar Saeed**
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF CROSS-FLOW RICE DRYERS
...amount of rice grains is wasted every year in Pakistan because of unavailability of postharvest drying and processing technologies. About 70% of the rice produced in the country is dried through sun heat. which is one of the major causes of reducing head rice recovery during the milling operation. Recently, cross-flow rice dryers have been adopted in the rice milling industry of the country. The heat source of these cross-flow dryers can be a gas or rice husk....
Fouzia Tabssum1* and Syed Shahid Ali2
...ustries, tea making, and wastewater treatment among others. The present investigation was undertaken to isolate pectinase-producing bacteria from local habitats. To enrich the diversity of isolated bacteria that produce pectinase, samples were collected from the soil, water, fruits and vegetables wastes. Initial screening of pectinase producing bacteria was carried out on pectin containing agar plates of pH 7 incubated at 37...
Fouzia Tabssum1* and Syed Shahid Ali2
...ustries, tea making, and wastewater treatment among others. The present investigation was undertaken to isolate pectinase-producing bacteria from local habitats. To enrich the diversity of isolated bacteria that produce pectinase, samples were collected from the soil, water, fruits and vegetables wastes. Initial screening of pectinase producing bacteria was carried out on pectin containing agar plates of pH 7 incubated at 37...
Feroza Haider1,2, Shamim Gul2,3*, Javaid Hussain4, Sadaf Asalam Ghori5, Muhammad Naeem Shahwani6, Muhammad Murad6 and Abdul Manan Kakar7
...p) under groundwater and wastewater irrigation. Biochars were applied at 0.25, 0.5 and 1 kg m-2 to soil. Amendment of biochar increased significantly the aboveground plant biomass by 28% - 34.3% under groundwater and 18.3% - 30.4% under wastewater irrigation. Dry weight of root biomass increased by 16.1% - 20.2% under groundwater and by 21% - 31.2% under wastewater irrigation in response t...
Muhammad Anwar-ul-Haq1, Amer Jamal Hashmat1, Ejazul Islam1, Muhammad Afzal1, Abid Mahmood2, Muhammad Ibrahim2,*, Muhammad Nawaz3,*, Shahid Nadeem4 and Qaiser Mahmood Khan1
...olumes of highly colored wastewater. The scope of this new electrochemical treatment is a significant advance to the existing technologies. There were four different treatments employed as; T1: wastewater, T2: wastewater with 0.1% electrolyte, T3: diluted wastewater (50% tap water), and T4: diluted wastewater (50% tap ...
Dilara A. Bukhari1,*, Naureen Fatima1 and Abdul Rehman2
...es, 15% were from animal waste and 10 % were from moist soil of the crop area. A 650bp of cry11 gene was amplified by PCR and seven isolateswere found positive for cry11 gene. The 16S rDNA study exposed that these screened B.t. confirmed 99% homology with B.t. serovar tolworthi, B.t. str. Al Hakam, B.t. serover thuringiensis, B.t. serovar konkukian, B.t. serovar Chinensis. B...
Safina Naz1, Muhammad Akbar Anjum1, Saeed Akhtar2, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi3* and Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar4
...prolonged irrigated by f waste water are a reason of accumulation of heavy metals leads to the production of contaminated food which exerts serious health risks to the humans. In the present study, edible portions of five vegetables viz., okra, tomato, spinach, carrot and cauliflower, grown with canal, tubewell and sewage irrigation water, were assessed for their proximate (moisture, ash, protein and fiber) and heavy metal (Pb, Ni, Cu, Cd, Fe and Cr) contents....
Muhammad Babar Khawar1, Muddasir Hassan Abbasi2*, Zillay Mariam1, Nadeem Sheikh1,2*
...here is a need of proper waste treatment prior to its disposal.
...
Farah Mansha, Abdul Rehman*
...s present in the organic wastes and would be helpful in cleaning the environment.
... 
*Irum Javed1, Muhammad Asgher2, Sadia Noreen1, Humara Naz Majeed1 and Tanzila Sahar1
SOLID STATE FERMENTATION OF ASPERGILLUS NIGER FOR CITRIC ACID PRODUCTION USING AGRICULTURE RESIDUE AS SUBSTRATE
...on using agro-industrial wastes. It is a bidirectional beneficial process for cost effective manufacturing of citric acid and management of agro-industrial waste products. This project was carried out in order to evaluate the enhanced production of citric acid by Aspergillus niger using agro-industrial wastes. In the first step of study the liquid state fermentation (LSF) and solid state f...
Sumera Siddique1,†, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1*, Amtul Bari Tabinda2, Muhammad Irfan1
Screening of some agri-wastes for economical cultivation of Candida tropicalis SS1
...bundantly produced fruit wastes and their efficiency for economic production of C. tropicalis SS1 which could be used as SCP supplementing animal feed’s formulations....
Muhammad Babar Khawar, Nadeem Sheikh*
Effect of paper industry leachate on various serological indices and serum proteins of wistar rats
...e globe. The toxicity of waste water (leachate) resulting from paper processing has become a serious issue now a day. So, current research was aimed to assess various toxic aspects of pulp and paper industry waste water. Study design involved the division of Wistar ratsof about 245±5g in three groups (n=5) viz, Control group (4ml/ kg normal saline), Group 1 (4ml/ kg leachate) and Group 2 (4ml/ kg 1:10 diluted leachate...
Farah Deeba, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir, Muhammad Irfan, Javed Iqbal Qazi*
Chitinase production in organisms: a review
...degradation of chitinous waste. Interest in chitin wastes utilization is increasing day by day because of its natural resistance against degradation. The review focused on different sources of naturally chitinase production in organisms was discussed....
Haniya Mazhar1, Naaz Abbas2, Zahid Hussain3, Amir Sohail4, Syed Shahid Ali4*
Extracellular lipase production from Bacillus subtilis using agro-industrial waste and fruit peels
...F) using agro-industrial wastes as substrate. A total of 14 bacterial strains were isolated, screened and compared for lipase production. Among the evaluated strains, Bacillus subtilis strain NL-39 was selected on the basis of best lipase production. The maximum enzyme activity (34.93 U/ml) was shown by B. subtilis using SSF with soya bean meal. The lipase production by other low cost agro-industrial waste, including sunflow...
Anam Javed, Javed Iqbal Qazi*
Skin health implications of Chemical detergents and importance of biodetergents
...rough utilization of bio-waste origin feedstocks would also enhance recycling and energy conservation in the environment. Through the application of biosustainable developments in the field of biotechnology, we would be able to get rid of various long lasting after effects of anthropogenic pollutants and synthetic detergents....
Maleeha Manzoor1,2*, Ruijuan Ma2, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Fouzia Tabssum1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1
Microalgal-bacterial consortium: a cost-effective approach of wastewater treatment in Pakistan
...-bacterial consortia for wastewater
treatments has proved more effective in biomass production, nutrient cycling and bioremediation of organic
pollutants, heavy metals and many other contaminants. The biodegradation approach of involving consortium might
attain self-sustaining level and may prove technically cheaper and advance technology. It will finally help in dealing
the dual mission of producing valuable metabolites and polluta...
treatments has proved more effective in biomass production, nutrient cycling and bioremediation of organic
pollutants, heavy metals and many other contaminants. The biodegradation approach of involving consortium might
attain self-sustaining level and may prove technically cheaper and advance technology. It will finally help in dealing
the dual mission of producing valuable metabolites and polluta...
Mohsin Arshad1, Muhammad Irfan*2, Asad-Ur-Rehman1, Muhammad Nadeem3, Zile Huma3, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir4, Quratulain Syed3
Optimization of medium and substrate for CMCase production by Bacillus subtilis-BS06 in submerged fermentation and its applications in saccharification
...ation using agricultural wastes as substrates for carboxymethyl cellulase
(CMCase) production under static and with agitation speed of 140 rpm. The whole
fermentation experiments were carried out in 250ml Erlenmeyer flask. Different
agricultural wastes such as sugarcane bagasse, wheat straw, rice husk, defatted
soybean meal, corn cobs and wheat bran were exploited for CMCase production
usin...
(CMCase) production under static and with agitation speed of 140 rpm. The whole
fermentation experiments were carried out in 250ml Erlenmeyer flask. Different
agricultural wastes such as sugarcane bagasse, wheat straw, rice husk, defatted
soybean meal, corn cobs and wheat bran were exploited for CMCase production
usin...
Liaqat Ali Shahid1*, Nadeem Amjad2 and Muhammad Abdul Hanan Siddhu3
...s tree top-trimmed mixed waste material with leaves. The average machine throughput capacity was found to be 503 kg.h-1 with an average machine efficiency of 89 percent. Total average fuel consumption and labour requirement (un-skilled + skilled) were found to be 3.5 litres and 3.53 man-hour, respectively. The machine was also tested with clean Eucalyptus stems without leaves and small branches. The average throughput capacity in this case was found to be 568 ...
Dur-E-Shahwar1,2, Riaz Ahmad Sheikh1, Nazia Jamil2*
...roduced water is a major waste water stream of petroleum industry which is produced during petroleum extraction from subsurface in which hydrocarbons are found as a main environmental pollutant. Present study is focused on production of biosurfactants from indigenous bacteria, isolated from produced water and produced water contaminated soil samples collected from three selected sites of Eastern Potwar, Punjab, Pakistan. Forty seven bacteria were isolated out ...
Doğukan Ölmez1 and Gonca Alak2,*
...sector contains too rich wastes in terms of protein. These wastes can be converted into different economic value products under controlled conditions. Under controlled conditions, byproducts have the potential to be converted into nutrients suitable for human consumption, as well as different products that have economic value. For this purpose, hydrolysates were prepared by enzymatic methods at different time periods using d...
Syed Turab Raza1,*, Zhu Bo1,*, Zulfiqar Ali2 and Tang Jia Liang3
...and recycling of organic waste materials such as agricultural crops (wheat straw, rapeseed) and animal manure (pig manure, cow dung) is becoming an important issue in rapidly growing population. Vermicomposting by earthworms (Eisenia fetida) is useful technique to recover nutrients of plants such as NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium). A vermicomposting system using the earthworm species (Eisenia fetida) and treating it with cattle dung, pig manu...
Amer Mumtaz2*, Muhammad Suhail Ibrahim1, Nouman Rashid Siddiqui2, Muhammad Naeem Safdar2, Masooma Munir2, Aqsa Qayyum2, Sahar Shibli2 and Muhammad Khalid Ibrahim3
...e juice industry, water, waste water treatment, starch modification and removal of food allergens from food. ...
Faiza Jabeen1,*, Bushra Muneer2 and Javed Iqbal Qazi3
...were grown on agro-dairy wastes to attain their cheap production by utilizing the wastes nutrients. Protein production was determined using 1% (w/v) of various agro-dairy wastes in production medium both with and without nutrients at pH 7.0 for 48 h at their respective suitable temperatures. They yielded enough thermostable protein suggesting their potential in production of various enzyme...
Ghalia Nawal1, Muhammad Irfan2*, Saira Ashfaq3, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1
...anner using agricultural wastes. Bacterial lipases are preferred due to their extra cellularity, easy step down approach and practicability of increased productions via technological modifications. They have wide- ranging applications in diverse sectors of the food, medical, cosmetic, detergent sectors and in paper industry which establishes their irrefutable noteworthiness.
...
Zafar Abbas1*, Muhammad Mubashir1, Umair Riaz1, Zeenat Javid1, Muhammad Ashraf1, Saeed ur Rehman1, Muhammad Javid Qamar1, Syed Ali Zulqadar1 and Shahzada Munawar Mehdi2
...fertilizers like kitchen waste, poultry manure and compost were used while the inorganic sources were NPK fertilizer. This experiment was laid out in the field area of soil and water testing laboratory for research, Bahawalpur in growing seasons from July to October of 2017. Treatments were arranged in Two factorial Completely Randomized Design CRBD fashion with three replications and six treatments. Treatments are arranged as control T1 (Without fertilizer + ...
Shad Mahfuz1,2, Shuyuan Wang1, Mo Chen1, Fei Zao1, Dong Zhen1,
Zhongjun Liu4 and Hui Song1,3*
...ulina velutipes stem waste (FVW) inclusion in laying hens diet on production performance, egg quality and serum metabolic profile during the early phase of production.A total of 105 ISA Brown 18 wk old laying hens were grouped into 5 treatments with 7 replications of 3 hens each. Dietary treatments included a basal diet as control; antibiotic (0.05% flavomycin); 2% FVW; 4% FVW; and 6% FVW for 8 wk. Data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance using ...
Nafeesa Batool1*, Javed Iqbal Qazi1, Nida Aziz1, Ali Hussain2 and Syed Zawwar Hussain Shah3
...iry manure (DM) and food wastes (FW) in agrarian countries by anaerobic digestion (AD) and co-digestion (Co-AD) under mesophilic (35 ± 2 ﹎) settings at substrate to microorganism (S / M) ratio of 1.0 based on volatile solids (VS) for 30 days. Solids [Total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), fixed solids (FS) and their ratios as (VS / TS)] determinations were also carried out for process monitoring. The highest cumulative biogas yield of 459.4 mL /g VS...
Muhammad1*, Muhammad Suleman Bacha2 and Syed Akhtar Ali Shah1
...key to sustainable urban waste management planning. The goal is to reduce the environmental damages, enhance food supply, increase employment opportunities and broke the vicious circle of poverty. This study performs a focalized analysis and investigates the influencing factors of urban farmers’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) for organic fertilizer in District Mardan, Pakistan. The Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was used and data were randomly collected fro...
Mubashar Hussain1*, Misbah Younas1,Muhammad Faheem Malik1, Muhammad Umar1, Maimoona Kanwal1, Moazama Batool2
...y nutrient recycling and waste removal. The study was conducted to explore the distributional patterns of dung beetle assemblages on local scales. The sampling was accomplished by surveying grassy fields, croplands, old dung piles and fresh dung pats from selected localesofSialkot during 2016. Specimens were collected by hand picking and cattle dung baited pitfall traps. Sixteen species representing three guilds i.e. Paracoprid (10 species), Endocoprid (4 spec...
Bala Gambo Jahun1,2*, Muhammad Yamin2,3, Desa Bin Ahmad2, Muhammad Razif Mahdi2, Shamsuddin Suleiman4 and Salihu Ahmad Abdulkadir5
...uces large quantities of waste from oil palm fronds (OPFs). During mulching of oil palm fronds, lifting angles of mulcher’s blades affect the mulching depth and may damage the shallow roots of oil palms. This study investigates the influence of blade lifting angles, tractor’s forward speed and tractor’s PTO speed in predicting mulching depth. Four blades with lifting angles of 0°, 60°, 120°, and 150°; 02 tractor’s PTO sp...
Daulat Khan1*, Khizar Azam2, Noor Muhammad Khan1, Muhammad Israr1, Naeem Ejaz3
ASSESSMENT OF WASTEWATER FOR DISPOSAL IN ACCORDANCE WITH NEQS CRITERIA AND ITS REUSE FOR IRRIGATION WITH DILUTION
...harge of any effluent or waste in an amount, concentration or level which is more than the
National Environmental Quality Standards(NEQS)”. Even in the presence of this act there are many housing societies
and Industrial zones, which are continuously disposing off their untreated wastewater to the natural water bodies. In
this study Laboratory investigations on 5 composite samples were carried out....
National Environmental Quality Standards(NEQS)”. Even in the presence of this act there are many housing societies
and Industrial zones, which are continuously disposing off their untreated wastewater to the natural water bodies. In
this study Laboratory investigations on 5 composite samples were carried out....
Shafiullah1*, Mohammad Nafees2
MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY COAGULATION/ FLOCCULATION PROCESSES VIA OPTIMIZATION OF INOCULATION DOSE AND SETTLING TIME
...s conducted on municipal wastewater with an attempt to identify proper treatment measures. The
drain under study was observed for three months. In total 45 samples were collected from five different sites at the
rate of three samples per day (Morning, Afternoon and Evening). Each sample was a composite of three grab samples
collected with four hours intervals. All Samples were analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. On comparison
drain under study was observed for three months. In total 45 samples were collected from five different sites at the
rate of three samples per day (Morning, Afternoon and Evening). Each sample was a composite of three grab samples
collected with four hours intervals. All Samples were analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. On comparison
Khuram Rashid1, Saroosh Danish2, Muhammad Akram Tahir3
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON UTILIZATION OF WASTE RUBBER TIRES AS FILLER IN CONCRETE
...e the potential usage of waste rubber tires in concrete. Disposal of
tires is a major problem and their accumulation create health and fire hazards. To incorporate waste rubber tires in
construction industry is considered as a sustainable and environment friendly solution. Experiments were designed
by incorporating coarse and fine rubber content as partial substitution of conventional aggregates. Seven m...
tires is a major problem and their accumulation create health and fire hazards. To incorporate waste rubber tires in
construction industry is considered as a sustainable and environment friendly solution. Experiments were designed
by incorporating coarse and fine rubber content as partial substitution of conventional aggregates. Seven m...
Nazish Huma Khan1, Mohammad Nafees1, Adila Bashir1, Farooq Ahmad1
STUDY OF POLLUTION LAOD IN PAPER MILL EFFLUENTS AND ITS RECYCLING BY SUNDRY PLANTS AT HAYATABAD INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, PESHAWAR
...peration and sampled for waste water. Total 7 waste water samples were collected from selected
points of Paper mills, Industrial drain and Sundry plants. Samples were analyzed for various physicochemical characteristics (colour, pH, EC, Alkalinity, Turbidity, TDS, TSS, COD and BOD5) by adopting standard methods for the
examination of water and waste water. These samples were ...
points of Paper mills, Industrial drain and Sundry plants. Samples were analyzed for various physicochemical characteristics (colour, pH, EC, Alkalinity, Turbidity, TDS, TSS, COD and BOD5) by adopting standard methods for the
examination of water and waste water. These samples were ...
Faisal Shabbir*, Naeem Ejaz*, Daulat Khan**, Naveed Ahmad*, Jawad Hussain*, Muhammad Fiaz Tahir*
INVESTIGATION OF USING PAPER INDUSTRY WASTE (HYPO SLUDGE) IN CONCRETE MIX
...gates the utilization of waste paper sludge ash (WPSA) in concrete. WPSA was partly replaced in the ratios of 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent of cement. Specimens were tested for initial setting time, final setting time, mechanical strengths (i.e. compressive and tensile strength) and dry density, and results are compared with ordinary concrete (without WPSA).The results showed that WPSA can be replaced up to 15% by weight of cement. Also the initial and final settin...
Sajjad Haydar*, Zunaira Asif*, A. A. Bhatti**, Obaidullah Nadeem***, Ghulam Hussain*, Nadeem Abbas*
EFFICIENCY OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT IN THE PUNJAB TANNERY SECTOR: A CASE STUDY OF DADA TANNERY
...r to install
wastewater treatment plants to address the issue. This study aims to evaluate the performance of wastewater
treatment plant (WWTP) of a local tanning industry. Raw wastewater showed high concentration of organic matter
and Chromium. Phosphorous concentration was found deficient for satisfactory biological treatment. WWTP showed
o...
Wisal Shah*, Muhammad Nafees**, Muhammad Iqbal***
EVALUATION OF MARBLE SLURRY WASTE FOR PREPARATION OF COMMERCIAL GRADE CEMENT
...a large amount of slurry waste which poses serious impact on the environment.
This study was conducted with the objective to demonstrate the practicability of using marble slurry wastes in the
manufacturing of cement on commercial scale. Waste marble slurry was obtained from marble processing units
Faisal Shabbir*, Muhammad Fiaz Tahir*, Naeem Ejaz*, Daulat Khan**, Naveed Ahmad*, Jawad Hussain*
EFFECT OF COCONUT FIBER AND MARBLE WASTE ON CONCRETE STRENGTH
...A large amount of marble waste (MW) is being produced by marble industry every year, while coconut fibers (CF)
are abundantly available in tropical regions. These two raw materials can be used as a partial cement replacement
in concrete. In this research, a combination of CF and marble dust (MD) has been investigated. Cubes were formed
for compressive strength and beams were formed for flexure strength tests using different pe...
Syed Farasat Ali Shah*, Amjad Naseer**, Rashid Rehan**
USE OF RUBBER WASTE IN CONCRETE TO REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION- AN OVERVIEW
...lopment, tonnes of solid waste are generated every year. Managing, disposing and recycling of these waste has turned out to be a great challenge in recent times. Typically, waste generated from industrial and domestic activities is dumped in open spaces. However dumping of solid waste in open spaces is hazardous to environment; therefore researchers have...
Naeem Ejaz*, Daulat Khan**, Usman Ali Naeem*, Muhammad Ali Shamim*, Muhammad Fiaz Tahir*, Faisal Shabbir*, Jawad Hussain*
DETERIORATION OF ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT AND FLY-ASH BASED GEO-POLYMER CONCRETES DUE TO SULFATE ATTACK UNDER THE ACTION OF SULFURIC ACID AND WASTEWATER
...n in concrete sewers and wastewater treatment plants has been a major problem but this issue has not been resolved satisfactorily yet. Generally, deterioration happens due to sulfuric acid reaction with treatment units and sewer materials. Geo-polymer binders especially fly ash (FA) is an acid resistant and can be used as a substitute binder for sewer construction. This research work highlights the laboratory results of fly ash based geo-po...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Saima Sadaf1, Adnan Ahmad1, Usman Rafique1 and Muhammad Arshad Javed1
An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness Level Regarding Integrated Farming System in District Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
...othing is supposed to be wasted here. It is an integrated approach to farming compared with existing monoculture approach. It passes on to an agricultural system that integrates crop production and livestock. IFS helps small scale farmers to increase cash income, improve quality and quantity of food produced by methodical exploitation of resources. Purpose of the study was to assess the awareness of the farmers to determine the impact of integrated farming sys...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Saima Sadaf1, Adnan Ahmad1, Usman Rafique1 and Muhammad Arshad Javed1
An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness Level Regarding Integrated Farming System in District Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
...othing is supposed to be wasted here. It is an integrated approach to farming compared with existing monoculture approach. It passes on to an agricultural system that integrates crop production and livestock. IFS helps small scale farmers to increase cash income, improve quality and quantity of food produced by methodical exploitation of resources. Purpose of the study was to assess the awareness of the farmers to determine the impact of integrated farming sys...
Saba Iqbal1*, Muhammad Luqman1, Hafiz Muhammad Nasrullah1, Asmat Ullah1 and Hafiz Muhammad Akram2
Response of Cotton to Application of Organic and Inorganic Source of Nutrients in Semi-Arid Climate
...ultry manure and slurry (waste product of biogas plant that uses manure of all kind of farm animals to produce biogas) were investigated to figure out the best possible combination for cotton crop. Different combinations were; T1= control (recommended fertilizer dose 145-56-62 NPK kg ha-1); T2= poultry manure (8 t ha-1); T3= FYM (10 t ha-1); T4= slurry (10 t ha-1); T5= urea 30 kg ha-1+ poultry manure 6 t ha-1, T6= urea 30 kg ha-1+ FYM 8 t ha-1; T7= urea 30 kg ...
Naeem Ejaz*, Daulat Khan**, Usman Ali Naeem*, Muhammad Ali Shamim*, Usman Ghani* and Muhammad Fiaz Tahir*
INVESTIGATION TO CHECK THE FEASIBILITY OF COMPOSTING FOR SMALL CITIES IN DEVELOPING WORLD: A CASE STUDY OF TAXILA CITY
...sition of solid communal waste from a small city in a developing world and investigates the feasibility of using composting waste treatment. Taxila, a small city in Rawalpindi District, is selected as a focal area for this study and to start with the prevalent major environmental problems resulting from poor solid waste management were investigated. In the next stage of ...
Sikandar Bilal Khattak1*, and Iftikhar Hussain1
ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENT CONSCIENCE CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES IN PAKISTAN USING SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO
...rbon emissions and solid waste as well. The positive impact is more of a community or region based, whereas its contribution to climate change has a global spread. For years, environment-friendly construction, green buildings, lean construction, and sustainable construction has been portrayed as a possible alternative. However, the success factors for environment conscience construction differs in different regions. Identification of these facto...
Hina Imtiaz1*, Salma Khalid2, Kashaf Riaz1, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3 and Zubair Rehman4
...hazardous impact of open waste dumping on water quality and its subsequent effect on people living in the vicinity of Nullah Lai stream. Water samples were collected from different points of the stream and tested for basic parameters like color, odor and turbidity while EC, pH and TDS were checked on-site by portable water quality meter. The assessment of heavy metal concentrations i.e. Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr), Zinc (Zn), Mercury (Mg...
Ayesha Noreen1, Amina Elahi1, Dilara Abbas Bukhari2 and Abdul Rehman1*
... the original industrial wastewater after 3 and 6 days of incubation, respectively. This bacterially treated wastewater, when used for plant growth, revealed an improved growth of Vigna radiata as compared to the original (untreated) wastewater. This multiple metal resistant bacterium’s ability to convert toxic arsenite into relatively less toxic form may find potential applic...
Tehmina Aslam, Shagufta Saeed*, Muhammed Tayyab, Huma Mujahid, Ali Raza Awan, Sehrish Firyal and AbuSaeed Hashmi
...f different agricultural wastes like wheat bran, rice polishing and molasses for the synthesis of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) by Azotobacter vinelandii. The optimization of different carbon sources and various physical parameters was also performed. Highest yield of PHB was obtained by fermentation of 4% (w/v) wheat bran after 48 h of incubation with 4% (v/v) inoculum volume at pH 7.0 and 37oC. Among different nitrogen sources tested, 0.2% pept...
Aatif Amin1,*, Zakia Latif2, Arslan Sarwar1, Basit Zeshan1 and Mushtaq A. Saleem1
...rom heavy metal polluted wastewater and soil, collected from the proximity of some tanneries from Kasur, Pakistan. Three out of 30 bacterial strains were screened out on the basis of resistance level against various concentrations of HgCl2. Bacterial isolatesAZ-1, AZ-2 and AZ-3 showed resistance up to 40 μg/mL of HgCl2 and mercury sensitive (HgS) isolate ZA-15 was taken as a negative control. 16S rDNA ribotyping and phylogen...
Muhammad Tahir Khan1, Shahid Mehmood2*, Athar Mahmud2, Khalid Javed3 and Jibran Hussain2
Arshad Mahmood Malik1*, Hafiz Muhammad Tayyab1, Muhammad Arshad Ullah2 and Muhammad Talha Bilal3
Dynamics of Salinity and Land Use in Punjab Province of Pakistan
....28 mha, thus developing wasteland of 2 m ha due to presence of highsalinity. The injudicious use of brackish underground water is one of the major factorsresponsible for increased salinity ultimately effecting productivity in Pakistan. Salinity hasdevastating socio- economic impact on farmer’s micro economy in Pakistan, directly impactingliving standard, migration, health, the crumbling of houses, and harming tocommunication and transport. The study in ...
Imran Ahmad Rana*, Muhammad Ali Yab and Ch. Abdul Rehman
Quality Engineering Tools Implementation a Comparison of Indian and Pakistani Business Organizations
...to motivate employees on waste reduction and productivity enhancement projects. This may facilitate training managers to better target advance quality programs for the countries by going through analysis of selected aspects and recommendations for deploying and implementing DMAIC methodology. ...
Ayesha Alam1,* and Labeeb Ali2
... in untreated and treatedwastewater has been reviewed to evaluate the health threats to the people. It has been cited that viruses such as Rotavirus, Norwalk virus, adenovirus, and Hepatitis A virus, are common mediators of the diseases in human beings. Including respiratory disorders, bronchiolitis, digestive tract disorders, pneumonia and conjunctivitis. Additionally, traces of COVID-19 were also found in sewage water sources in some countries like Italy bri...
Faheem Ahmed Khan1*, Sarzamin Khan2, Qurat-ul-Ain3, Saqib Ishaq1, Muhammad Salman1, Abdul Rehman1, Ikram Ullah4, Kalsoom5 and Johar Jamil5
..., orange peels and apple waste, respectively. Soybean meal protein source in broilers ration was replaced by SCMP. The level of antibody titre against Newcastle Disease Vaccine was significantly higher (p≤0.05) than all treated groups. Higher antibody titre was recorded for group C (6g/Kg) (HI≥1:64) followed by group B (4g/Kg) (HI≥1:32) and Group A (2g/Kg) (HI≥1:8) while antibody titre was lower for control group D. Replacement of soybean meal with...
Waseem Khalid1, Ali Ikram1*, Muhammad Rehan2, Farukh Adeem Afzal1, Saadia Ambreen1, Marryam Ahmad3, Afifa Aziz1 and Anam Sadiq1
...ne-height: normal;">Food waste is a big problem today. On the other hand, the market for natural composites for health is growing. Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a very common fruit, eaten all around the world, containing significant quantities of seeds as well as peels that have been discarded. These seeds contain high functional and nutritional potential compounds. It is the most exported and consumed fresh fruit and the residues like seeds and peel are c...
Masood Sadiq Butt1, Sadia Aslam1,2, Rizwan Shukat1,*, Syed Qamar Abbas1, Muhammad Issa Khan1, Shadab Shaukat3 and Muhammad Shahid4
..."font-size: small;">Fish waste contains an appreciable amount of proteins, enzymes and fats. It was considered as garbage of no financial value and disposed of without any attempt of recovery. The aim of this study was to optimize the hydrolysis conditions for production of protein hydrolysate with enhanced functionality. Minced rohu (Labeo rohita) waste mainly comprising of head, tail, fins and skin was considered as...
Ali Ahmad1*, Zubair Aslam1, Korkmaz Bellitürk2, Naeem Iqbal3, Muhammad Idrees3, Muhammad Nawaz4, Muhammad Yasir Nawaz5, Muhammad Kashif Munir6, Ahmad Kamal1, Ehsan Ullah1, Muhammad Ahsan Jamil1, Yousuf Akram1, Tanveer Abbas1 and Muhammad Mohsin Aziz1
...fferent forms of organic waste. The review also presents the basic idea of all those research studies about effect of vermicomposting on different parameters of plant growth. Such an explanatory review is remarkably few and far among studies about the impact on plants of vermicasts prepared from aquatic weeds and agriculture wastes....
Muhammad Adnan Islam1*, Zia-Ul-Haq2, Rana Shahzad Noor2, Matiullah Khan4, Muhammad Mohsin Ali1, Zulfiqar Ali3, Asif Ali Mirani3, Hafiz Sultan Mahmood1, Muzammil Husain1 and Badar Munir Khan Niazi1
...ore sowing crop. This is wasteful method of fertilizer application as only 15-20% of applied phosphate is utilized by the crop. To overcome the problems of phosphorus fixation, fertilizer band placement drill (FBPD) for wheat had been developed and its performance was evaluated at farmer’s fields. This drill places DAP fertilizer near the seed that is about 5 cm away and 5 cm deeper than the seed due to which phosphorus use efficiency has increased. Expe...
Ayse Haligur* and Sema Ozkadif
...wild animals and off the waste of people, thus having a close association with people. Anatomical knowledge of the red fox is very poor and we aimed to investigate the branches of the plexus brachialis in the red fox. We used six male red foxes that were died in traffic accidents. The right plexus brachialis was formed by the cervical spine nerves, C6, C7, and C8, and the thoracic spine nerve, T1 of the rami ventralis in four animals, and between C5, C6, C7, C...
Muhammad Adnan Fahad1, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Sheraz Ahmed2* and Imtiaz Ali2
...of the valuable water is wasted in form of conveyance losses in earthen watercourses. To assess the effect of watercourses improvement on water availability and productivity, ten watercourses were selected randomly. Out of which, five improved and other five were found unimproved. Water losses in both watercourses were measured to find water saving from improved watercourses. Conveyance losses were measured in improved and unimproved watercourses by current me...
Taqi Raza1*, Kashif Nazir Qureshi2, Shakeel Imran2, Neal Samuel Eash3 and Imma Bortone4
...tries entering into main wastewater collecting channel located in Faisalabad city. Heavy metals contents were determined via atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results showed that the highest pH (11.06) was recorded in textile effluent while EC (7.89mS/cm), TSS (1185.55mg/L) and TDS (6317.33mg/L) were found highest in chemical industrial effluents. Heavy metals contents were determined through atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The mean comparison of heavy...
Muhammad Fiyyaz1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Sarfraz Hussain3, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1 and Aneela Riaz4
...arm yard manure, poultry waste, rice husk etc. can increase productiveness of soil. Combined usage of poultry waste material and chemical fertilizer improved maize growth and health of soil. This experiment comprised of 11 treatments applied under completely randomized design like, T1 = chemical fertilizers at recommended rate, T2 = chemical fertilizers at half recommended rate, T3 = waste...
Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Abdul Moeez1, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1 and Aneela Riaz3
...Si as phosphate industry waste was applied @ 0, 50 and 100 µg Si/g soil. Results showed that application of Si reduced the adverse impact of salinity and significantly enhanced the nutrients status of wheat plant. Under normal soil conditions, sodium (Na) concentration (5.63 mg/g), potassium (K) concentration (9.20 mg/g), Na/K ratio (1.60 mg/g), relative water contents (56.49%) and total chlorophyll contents (2.74 mg/g) were observed when maximum concent...
Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-Us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Abdul Moeez1, Humaira Ramzan1, Mudassar Hafeez1, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Aneela Riaz3, Sher Muhammad4 and Muhammad Latif4
...Si as phosphate industry waste was applied @ 0, 50 and 100 µg Si/g soil. Results showed that application of Si reduced the adverse impact of salinity and significantly enhanced the growth of rice plant. Maximum height of rice plant (106 cm), fertile tillers number per spike (6), 1000-grain weight (21.76 g), shoot fresh biomass (25.62 g) and shoot dry matter (12.86 g) were found under saline environment when maximum concentration of Si was applied i.e. 10...
Maimoona Imran1,2, Soumble Zulfiqar2, Hafsa Saeed2 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1*
Ghulam Muhiyuddin Kaloi1* and Mehrunisa Memon2
...justify;">Sugar industry wastewater could be handled positively for agricultural purpose. The wastewater is a nutrient rich plant material well known for its high biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand and soluble salts. Its injudicious use may be hazardous for soil health. Study was conducted to evaluate significance of wastewater in context of sugarcane juice quality and soil h...
Zunaira Noreen* and Khawar Sultan
...ed accumulation of solid waste at landfills is attracting large numbers of wild avifauna for food subsidies and transforming landfills into new habitats by changing the wild profile of native species. This study aims to establish the baseline situation of avian diversity and abundance on various land uses including the landfill at Gujranwala in northeastern Punjab, Pakistan, and understanding the impact of urban solid waste ...
Jia Li and Hong Yang*
...ine treatment during the waste activated sludge (WAS) anaerobic fermentation. During the experimental study, the biodegradation efficiency of BaA was enhanced from 12.2% in the control to 25.6% at pH 10 and 46.7% at pH 10 and alkyl polyglucosides (APG) reactors. APG and alkaline treatment increased the BaA deposition desorption from the sludge and transfer into micro-organisms and finally increased the BaA bioavailability. In the meantime, the enormous secreti...
Shahid Hameed Khan Khalil1, Adnan Shakeel1, Ghani Akbar1, Muhammad Asif2, Ashraf Khan3* and Zafar Islam1
...gn: justify;">The use of wastewater in agriculture sector is growing worldwide because freshwater resources are depleting. Waste water is considered suitable for growing vegetables after appropriate treatment. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the yield response factor of capsicum to different concentrations of municipal wastewater treatments through bioremediation. Four irri...
Diana Rachmawati1*, Johannes Hutabarat1, Olga Anne2, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi3 and Tita Elfitasari1
...l;">Accumulation of feed waste from a long-term aquaculture practice has resulted in the deterioration of the aquaculture environment. Floating net aquaculture engineering of tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus Forsskål, 1775) on Bacillus subtilis supplementation in the diet is one of the solutions to overcome the deterioration of the aquaculture environment caused by the accumulation of dieting waste
Nazish Huma Khan1*, Mohammad Nafees2, Tooba Saeed3, Khaliq Ur Rahman4 and Adila Bashir2
...ban and industrial solid wastes. For this reason, there are difficulties in planning solid waste management. In this context, this study aims to determine the organization’s role in record keeping and solid waste management in the Hayatabad Industrial Zone, Peshawar. To this end, a questionnaire survey was carried out among 105 industries and relevant government departments were inte...
Hasnain Raza1*, Maryam Maqsood2, Muhammad Muzamil Nazir1, Iqra Tariq1, Kaynat Ahmed1, Qurat-ul-Ain1, Ali Raza2, Huda Bilal3, Muhammad Bilal Shoukat1, Attiq ur Rehman1, Awais Rasheed1 and Muhammad Zeshan Gulzar1
...gn: justify;">Currently, wastewater irrigation is increasing to combat the depletion of freshwater resources and the water stress caused by climate change. In many countries, wastewater irrigation has been highlighted as a serious environmental concern due to heavy metal buildup in soils and food crops, as well as potential health hazards to humans from ingesting these foods. Human health hazards are becoming more cruc...
Nagarathinam Arunkumar*, Jainullabudeen Gulsar Banu, Nagarajan Gopalakrishnan and Arkalgud Hiriyannaiah Prakash
...ltural industries and in waste treatment plants proved their importance. In this study, 23 wax-degrading bacterial strains isolated from four mealybug species infesting cotton were screened for lipase production. On the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, lipase-positive strains were classified into six genera, namely, Pseudoxanthomonas, Acinetobacter, Klebsiella, Providencia, Enterobacter, and Serratia. Acinetoba...
Suherman Suherman1*, AndhiniPutri Trianita1, Hadiyanto Hadiyanto1 and Wea Aanisah Mentari Putri2
...d 82.47 % of the product wasted during the drying process, and the product yield was approximately 17.53 %. The water content value in the mango from all treatments was 6.17 % to 7.13 %, which was < 31 % as desired by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI—Standar Nasional Indonesia) for dried fruit products. The results showed that the colors changed in Treatment 2 (17 h and a pressure of 35 Pa). The hedonic test showed that Treatment 1 (13 h a...
Muhammad Mohsin Javed1*, Muhammad Azhar Nisar2 and
Muhammad Usman Ahmad2
...-size: small;">Vegetable waste has been analyzed for bioelectricity production in locally designed U-shaped microbial fuel cell. These fuel cells were subjected to different concentrations of NaCl and pH for evaluation of power generation. The MFC with 50 mM NaCl concentration showed maximum response and gave 88.9 W/m2 power densities and 569 mV of open circuit voltage. The results showed that NaCl, at its optimum level, plays an important role in i...
Ayesha Khan1*, Asmatullah2, Urooba Perviaz1, Khalid Nawab1 and Mahmood Iqbal1
...manure and other organic wastes effectively in agriculture. The universe of the study was Malakand division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The EM-Technology using 128 farmers’ data were gathered from the District Director Agriculture of six districts. Each farmer was interviewed face to face to collect accurate information of EM-Technology used through fermenter. Majority of the farmers 93.8% were provided the EM-Bioaab solution by extension department. The exte...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi
...rom agricultural biomass waste was examined as a practicable replacement to the regular synthetic nematicide. Agricultural wastes were collected and refluxed with hydrochloric acid to produce furfural. Growth response of sugarcane plants increased significantly (p=0.05) with the highest concentration (75 mg) of furfural. A reduction in nematode population in soil of treated plants was remarked. The results indicated that fur...
Farah Deeba1, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Muhammad Irfan2, Muhammad Khan1 and Javed Iqbal Qazi1*
...ation of agro-industrial waste (rice straw) not only decrease the production costs of microbial chitinase but can also providing positive way out for solving environmental pollution problem related to the waste.
...
Najeeb Ullah1*, Muhammad Nadeem2, Malik Mujaddad-ur-Rehman1, Rubina Nelofer2 and Yasir Arfat3
... conducted by using skin waste from leather industry as a substrate. Different sources of nitrogen and carbon were screened in order to enhance the production of protease by a locally isolated Bacillus sp. In order to ensure the best results Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize five different independent variables including substrate, Molasses, temperature, pH and incubation period. Maximum protease activity was observed by using molasse...
Stephen Chijioke Emencheta1, Chinelo Charity Eze1, Anthony Amaechi Attama2, Damian Ejike Agbo1 and Ebele Benedette Onuigbo1*
...solated from residential wastewaters. The isolated Pseudomonas spp. were confirmed through biochemical tests. Antibiogram was done with nine (9) different antibiotics, including;aztreonam (ATM), chloramphenicol (CPL), gentamicin (GTN), tetracycline (TTE), sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SXT), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC), meropenem (MEM), ciprofloxacin (CIP), ceftriaxone (CRO)). Plaque assay was done to determine lytic action of the bacteriophage on the l...
Ijaz Rasool Noorka1,2*, Bilal Ahmad Khan3*, Kafeel Ahmad4, Zafar Iqbal Khan4, Muhammad Ather Nadeem3, Amer Nawaz2, Tasneem Ahmad5 and Humayun Bashir4
...esh water resources. The waste water is manly passed down as supplemental irrigation source to irrigate field crops including fodder and forages. The studies showed the provisions of Iron (Fe) in feces, forages, soil, fodder and grazing animal’s blood data collect from the Sargodha, Jhang, Layyah and Bhakkar districts of the Punjab. Five sites, three animal’s (Cow, Sheep and Goat) and two origins (Blood and Feces) were selected. Standard samples pr...
Tintin Rostini1*, Irwan Zakir1, Danang Biyatmoko2
...R0 (basal ration of palm waste-based local feed without Curcuma and yeast), TR1 (basal diet with 0.5% yeast), TR2 (basal diet with 2% Curcuma flour) and TR3 (basal diet with 0.5% yeast and 2% Curcuma flour). Meanwhile, the variables measured include consumption, dry matter digestibility, organic matter, crude protein, NDF, ADF, daily body weight gain, feed conversion, and blood metabolism. Furthermore, the data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance...
Zane Vincevica-Gaile1, Karina Stankevica1, Maris Klavins1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Damat Damat3*, Praptiningsih Gawawati Adinurani4, Lili Zalizar5, Muhammad Zul Mazwan6, Juris Burlakovs7,
Didiek Hadjar Goenadi8,9, Rista Anggriani3 and Aamir Sohail10
... and paying attention to waste utilization as secondary raw material. This paper aims to discuss general features of peat-free soil amendments as well as provide efforts into the use of secondary raw materials such as biomass ashes for the elaboration of peat-free soil-improving products. As a case example, may serve a description of the peat-free product made by rotary drum granulation from biomass fly ashes (energy production waste
Warkoyo Warkoyo1*, Devi Dwi Siskawardani1, Anggit Ayu Pradana Siwi1, Moch. Wachid1, Ivar Zekker2 and Jumpen Onthong3
...to reduce the increasing waste in the world. An edible film based on lesser yam (Dioscorea esculenta L. Burkill) has the potential to be innovated and expanded, which contained starch yield up to 21.4 %. Several starch properties obstruct edible film characteristics. It cannot tolerate acid and high temperature, which produces suspension with inconsistently gel-forming, syneresis probability of starch gel is high, limited solubility in water. Therefore,...
Zein Ahmad Baihaqi1,2, Irkham Widiyono3*, Bambang Suwignyo4, Amado A. Angeles5
...gical or agro-industrial waste in the world different contents, structures and benefits. This review of the last 5 years related to the utilization of tannin active compounds showed the effect on the reduction of methane production. Condensed tannin (CT) and hydrolyzed tannin (HT) types both play an important role in reducing methane, but CT is widely studied because of its presence which is more commonly found. The concept of tannin utilization still presents...
Kanakuntla Sandhyarani*, Dhoppalapudi Madhuri, Yadala Ravikumar
...excretion of nitrogenous waste and lack the enzyme uricase, which converts uric acid to less harmful substances. Uric acid itself is not toxic but precipitated crystals can cause severe mechanical damage to tissues like kidneys, heart, lungs, intestine (visceral gout) and also in the joints (articular gout). Gout is a multifactorial metaboic disease which involves infectious agents, nutritional factors and managemental prcatices. Infectious agents include Neph...
Ali Ghazi Atiyah1*, Nadia Hameed Rija Al-Falahi2 and Ghazi Atiya Zarraq3
...;-CPP bone scaffold from waste biomaterials such as avian eggshell, which consider a natural source of calcium precursor. The β-CPP powder was prepared by a wet precipitation process using calcination temperature 1200 ºC for 2 h, then the scaffold was designed by using cylindrical template under specific compression pressure. Synthesis of β-CPP powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning elect...
Tahir Munir Butt1*, Azra2, Muhammad Luqman3, Naveed Farah4 and Muhammad Yaseen3
...ards and consequences of wastewater irrigation in vegetables in the central Punjab. Two highly populated districts of the Punjab (Lahore & Faisalabad) were purposively selected as the targeted research area. Data were collected from randomly selected 120 vegetable growers from each district who used to do vegetable farming using wastewater. Total sample size of the study was 240 vegetable growers. Quantitative and qualit...
Magdy M. Fahmy1, Nisreen E. Mahmoud 1*, Mohamed R. Mousa2, Manal M. Zaki3, Elshaimaa Ismael3, Mai Abuowarda1
... regular disposal of the waste remnants of clearing and dredging processes that were taking place by the government in the lake. Additionally, the bio security strategies should be applied in fish farms, also the dependency of farmers on fish seeds for farm stocking from natural open water instead of the hatcheries should be avoided to prevent the entrance of parasites and other undesirable organisms from open seas to the lake and corresponding fish farms...
Mohammad Mahmudi1,2*, Muhammad Musa1,2, Sulastri Arsad1,2, Evellin Dewi Lusiana1,2, Alamanda Bunga1, Nur Azlina Wati1
...as well as using them as wastewater treatment for aquaculture sewage. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of integrated super-intensive shrimp aquaculture with mangroves in terms of water quality characteristics and phytoplankton as a bioindicator. The study was conducted at coastal area of Probolinggo region, Indonesia. Our research showed that the cultured ponds had high abundance of phytoplankton but low species diversity. Meanwhile, the water i...
Treatment Approaches of Ovine Fungal Diseases using Antibiotics and Ethnoveterinary Medicinal Plants
Djadouni Fatima* and Meliani Amina
...tors, air, water, feeds, wastes, and pollution. Environmental conditions play an important role in increasing the spread of disease, which is often found in humid and warm seasons compared to temperate zones and Saharan zones. So through this review article, we try to show the different ancient and modern methods of treating these diseases and to share them with other societies....
Stephen Chijioke Emencheta1, Anthony Amaechi Attama2, Ezinwanne Nneoma Ezeibe1, Adaora Angela Agubata1 and Ebele Benedette Onuigbo1*
...armlands and residential wastewaters. The isolated Escherichia coli were confirmed through phenotypic and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility test to nine antibiotics was determined. Multi-antibiotic resistance index (MARI) was assessed. Spot assay was done to determine lytic action of the bacteriophage on the lawns of the Escherichia coli. The phenotypic and biochemical tests confirmed Escherichia coli isolates. There was metallic green sheen on E...
Yunilas Yunilas1*, Nurzainah Ginting1, Tri Hesti Wahyuni1, Muhammad Zahoor2, Nelzi Fati3 and
Ahmad Wahyudi4
...ight: normal;">Corn crop waste in the form of corn straw, cobs, and corn husks can be used as ruminant animal feed, but its utilization as animal feed is not optimal. The application of silage feed technology using local microorganism additives is expected to improve the physical quality of silage feed. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding local microorganisms (MOL) and fermentation time on the physical quality of corn straw silage. This study us...
Sepri Reski*, Maria Endo Mahata, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli
...(IMO’s) from fruit waste as starter on performance, carcass yield and giblets percentage. A total of 100 one- d- old Arbor Acres CP 707 broilers was raised for 4 weeks of age. The birds were distributed into 5 treatments with 4 replicates in a completely randomized design. The fermented seaweed was supplemented at the level of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 % in the diets. The observed variables were live weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio...
Preparation and Evaluation of Cattle Feed by Ensiling Wet Rice Straw, Market Fish Waste and Molasses
Avijite Sarker, Sharmeen Islam, S.M. Ariful Islam, Md. Rokibul Islam Khan*, Md Mukhlesur Rahman
...ocessed with market fish wastes (MFW) and fermented with 5% molasses to enhance the storage quality and nutrients of rice straw. Feeds were placed in plastic drums and sealed properly. The preparation was completed under room temperature following T0 (0% MFW), T1 (5% MFW), T2 (10% MFW), and T3 (15% MFW) to examine the physical qualities, metabolizable Energy (ME), in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD) and other nutritional properties, at different interv...
Noor Muhammad Khan1,2, Tariq Mahmood Khalil1,3*, Rashid Rehan2 and Iftikhar Zeb4
...ng HM from the untreated wastewater of Hayatabad Peshawar used for irrigation downstream. The wastewater analysis showed that HM concentration exceeds the limits of thresholds values. For phytoremediation the T.l was tested in both on-site (in-situ) and laboratory conditions (ex-situ) while A.d was applied only in an ex-situ setup. For T.l, the average uptake of copper (Cu) was 5.40 and 6.46 mg kg-1, similarly for the lead (...
Yasmin M.M. Mahmoud
...ywords | Goats, Broccoli wastes, Productive performance, Digestibility
...
Khuzeema Tanveer1, Muhammad Shahid Mahmood1,*, Muhammad Ashraf1 and Ahrar Khan2
...ed from textile industry wastewater were tested for their tolerance to and degradation of the four dyes. Most of the bacteria showed maximum dye tolerance at 1000 ppm. Dye degradation monitored by measuring the absorbance of dye solutions at their λ max (592 nm for black dye, 614 nm for blue dye, 423 nm for yellow dye and 523 nm for red dye) before and after bacterial treatment for 5 days and showed 83% removal of black 5, 49% removal of blue 21, 84% re...
Waleed Asghar1,2*, Ahmad Mahmood1, Farhan Iftikhar2,3, Bushra Ahmad4, Rehmat Ullah5, Muhammad Bilal5, Abdul Latif6*, Muhammad Arsalan6, Madeeha Khan6, Rizwan Latif7 Muhammad Ehsan7
...te the effect of organic wastes [Poultry compost (PC), Poultry fresh manure (PFM), Chemical fertilizer (CF), and only soil (S)] was used at the quantity of 200 mg N kg-1. We observed that soil amended with PC have produced more phosphatase and β-glycosidase enzyme activities and nitrogen mineralization (36.96 mg kg-1), indicating that it could be contributing to plant growth promotion. The fungal biomass increased after applying poultry compost, it also m...
Ochieng Onunga George*, Owuor Ndonga Millicent Florence, Mario Kollenberg
...urine, gut contents, and wastewater from slaughter operations and floor cleaning. It has been reported that Abattoir wastes can have negative impacts on the areas surrounding them by causing pollution and public health concerns. Therefore, this research was initiated with the main objective being to evaluate the Parasitological and Microbiological Characteristics of Wastes Generated and th...
Sidrah Ashfaq1, Muhammad Nadeem1*, Muhammad Yamin1, Talha Afzal1, Muhammad Waqar Akram1, Rabia Anam1 and Ali Mehboob2
...most efficient and clean waste-to-energy conversion processes in contrast to direct combustion of agricultural waste. Other than controlled burning of biomass, it can be subjected for different purposes like a thermal, synthesis of ethanol, engine running, and for fuel cell applications. An excessive amount of impurities like char, ash, tar, and particulate matter are making these syngas non-feasible for thermal or engine ap...
Ali Ahmad1*, Zubair Aslam1, Korkmaz Bellitürk2, Ehsan Ullah1, Ali Raza1 and Muhammad Asif3
...tabilizing solid organic waste to produce fine organic rich manure that can be readily stored, processed, and put into agricultural areas with no negative repercussions. In the vermicomposting process, earth worms and mesophilic microbes collaborate to digest solid agricultural waste under controlled circumstances, resulting in a stable form of organic matter. Earthworms produce vermicompost, which contains growth-regulating...
Chooi Lin Phooi1, Elisa Azura Azman1* and Roslan Ismail2,3
...r fermented with organic waste, beneficial microbes, and sugar. Bokashi improved soil’s physical, chemical, and biological properties and eventually enhanced plant growth and yield production. Bokashi enhances the plant’s initial and later growth performance, including seed germination, seedling survival rate, fruit diameter, fruit size, fresh and dry matter, chlorophyll content, leaves the area, leaves number, plant nutrient, sugar, total soluble ...
Azra Kalhoro1, Abdul Aziz Mirani2, Fozia Khan Siyal1, Tahira Jatt2*, Abdul Razak Mahar1, Sadia Iram3 and Muhammad Abbas Bhutto4
Hasnain Raza1*, Tanveer-ul-Haq1, Muhammad Imran1, Nabeel Ahmad Ikram2 and Muhammad Bilal Shoukat1
...4.36 billion m3 (BCM) of wastewater is generated every year in Pakistan and not even 1% of the total wastewater gets treated before its disposal. The reported research aims to assess the concentration of contaminants in wastewater. Samples of wastewater were collected from Wali Muhammad Canal, Multan, and analyzed for heavy metals (HMs) including cadmium...
Sanwal Masood1, Dildar Ahmed2, Silvia Machado1 and Sohaib Aslam1*
...ch as industries, sewage/wastewater drains, and agricultural practices. In the present study, water samples were collected and analyzed for selected physicochemical parameters including toxic metals for determining the impact of land uses on the ground water quality of Lahore, Pakistan. Our results showed that water of three sites namely Shadman, Samnabad and Township had the TDS above 300 mgL-1 and this value was comparatively greater than samples of other ar...
Zaheer Ahmed Lashari1, Muhammad Saleem Sarki1, Saleem Maseeh Bhatti1, Muhammad Sachal Khokhar1 and Zohaib ur Rehman Bughio2*
...s of decomposing organic wastes into valued fertilizer that enriches plants and soil. The present research was undertaken to prepare composts utilizing organic wastes and to testify their impacts on onion cultivation. Three dissimilar composts with variable recipes viz. banana plants + poultry manure (Compost 1), banana plants + goat manure (Compost 2) and banana plants + cattle manure (Compost 3) in 3:1 ratio were prepared ...
Nazish Manzoor1*, Alim Khan1, Muhammad Yaseen1, Abid Ullah1, Zulqarnain2 and Iftikhar Jan2
...tural lignocellulosic biowaste attracting worldwide attention as a potential substitute for fossil fuels derived from the sugar and alcohol industry. In this study, ethanol was produced from the acid and alkaline pretreated samples of sugarcane bagasse using a fermentation process. Amylase was partially purified from the bacterial strain N1 and its activity was checked at distinct pH and temperature. The optimum pH was from 6-8 whereas the temperature was 40 &...
Farwa Batool1*, Riaz ur Rehman1, Samia Ikram2 and Maham Zahara3
...duction. The agriculture waste is a good option for soil substrate source in nursery plants production. The present research is focusing on the utilization of agriculture waste with different proportions for better foliage plant growth and development. Different combinations of silt, sand, leaf compost, FYM, peat moss, sawdust and garden soil were used as (SGS) for the growth and quality of three selected foliage plants (A. ...
A. Khan†, Saifullah, M. Iqbal* and S. Hussain
...ruiting bodies, mushroom waste and broth
culture of Pleurotus species at four different concentrations and three time intervals were tested against the
nematodes. Nematodes killed by the application of crude extracts of Pleurotus species never recovered to life after
placing in simple water. P. citronopileatus was found more effective than other species and it killed 100%
nematodes after 24 hrs followed by fruiti...
Ulvi Fitri Handayani1, Wizna2, Irfan Suliansyah3, Yose Rizal2, Maria Endo Mahata2*
...(Lycopersicon escuentum) waste are rejected tomatoes that have been processed by steaming at 98o C, then adding 0.5% coconut oil. This processing aims to increase the release of lycopene from the matrix tomato, change its structure from trans to cis lycopene, and increase the absorption of lycopene in the digestive tract of laying hens. Lycopene is a compound in tomatoes and is known to inhibit cholesterol synthesis. Cholesterol in the body is tran...
Roni Pazla1, Novirman Jamarun1*, Elihasridas1, Arief1, Gusri Yanti2, Zaitul Ikhlas2
...ng goat rations. Avocado waste to optimize rumen bioprocessing. This research aimed to obtain good performance from Kacang goats through appropriate ration formulation based on fermented forage (sugarcane shoots and tithonia) with avocado waste. This formulation is expected to minimize the use of concentrate in the ration. This study used 16 male Kacang goats aged one year, which consisted of four groups based on body weight...
Yuli Retnani1*, Heri Ahmad Sukria1, Indah Wijayanti1, Didid Diapari1, Muhammad Dimas Erlangga1, M Fatahillah Ibsyah1, Taryati1, Nisa Nurmilati Barkah1,3, Novia Qomariyah2,3
... The use of agricultural waste as animal feed will not only improve food security but also contributes to the alleviation of environmental problems associated with waste management. This study aims to evaluate the growth performance of local sheep fed with agricultural waste in the form of silage and wafers. The study consisted of five treatments and four groups using 20 local male sheep. ...
Sepri Reski*, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli, Montesqrit, Maria Endo Mahata
...ms (LMo) made from fruit waste in rations on the quality of quail eggs. This study used a completely randomized design of 5 treatments with four replications. The treatment gave Turbinaria murayana seaweed fermented products with different levels, namely 0, 5, 10.15, and 20% in the ration. Research data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and differences between treatments were tested using the Duncans Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The study’...
Rehman Shabbir1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Noor us-Sabah1, Mukkaram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Luqman*2, Muhammad Fahad Ullah3, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1 and Imran Shahzad1
... in nutrients industrial wastewater is commonly employed for irrigation of crops. The industrial state of Sargodha directly discharges its effluents that flow into a stream. This industrial wastewater was taken for this trial. The contaminants of the stream water were utilized for this trial to check its impacts on soil properties and growth of tomato plants. The physiochemical parameters of the soil such as pH, EC, organic ...
SAEED AHMED*1, ZIA-UR-RAHMAN1, SALMA KHALID2, TARIQ KHAN1, ARSHAD IQBAL3
& ZAMARUD SHAH4
...Microbial contamination, waste management.
...
SAIMA AFTAB1, ATTIA HAMID1, MAHJBEEN2, JAVERIA TARIQ2, ZULQURNAIN ALI2, ASMA ZAFAR2*
... and molasses, and other wastes. In this study low-quality apples were used for the production of ethanol that was further used for various purposes. From this work, it is clear that the maximum ethanol production is obtained from the apples. S. cerevisiae strain was used for the maximum conversion of sugar contents of apple extracts into ethanol. Different parameters like incubation time, temperature, pH and Inoculum size were optimized to get the maxi...
SAIMA AFTAB1, ATTIA HAMID1, MAHJBEEN2, JAVERIA TARIQ2, ZULQURNAIN ALI2, ASMA ZAFAR2*
... and molasses, and other wastes. In this study low-quality apples were used for the production of ethanol that was further used for various purposes. From this work, it is clear that the maximum ethanol production is obtained from the apples. S. cerevisiae strain was used for the maximum conversion of sugar contents of apple extracts into ethanol. Different parameters like incubation time, temperature, pH and Inoculum size were optimized to get the maxi...
Arief1, Roni Pazla2*, Rizqan1, Novirman Jamarun2
...s. Palm kernel cake is a waste of the palm oil processing industry and can be used as a concentrated alternative. This study aims to determine the impact of giving Tithonia diversifolia plants, cassava leaves, and palm concentrates on the milk production and quality (fat and lactose), intake, and digestibility of Etawa Crossbred Goat. The supplemented treatments were: A; control ration (60% forage (CF) + 40% concentrate (CC)), B (30% CF + 30% Tithonia diversif...
HIRA JAVAID*1, MALEEHA MANZOOR2, JAVED IQBAL QAZI3, XIONG XIAOCHAO4 & FOUZIA TABSSUM5
...ial decomposition of bio-waste resources towards clear environments, oils from single cell microbes (yeasts) are gaining attention. Further cost reliance of these microbes to produce single cell oils (SCOs) could be reduced by using lignocellulosic waste (LCW) biomass produced in millions of metric tons annually all over the world covering 60% of annual crop produced. This review presents the yeasts SCO production from LCW, ...
Nazish Huma Khan1*, Muhammad Sufyan Khan1, Tooba Saeed2, Mohammad Ilyas3 and Hazrat Husaain4
...to 43%, annual growth in waste production is up to 2%, children’s pattern of daily screen use increased from 1.4% to 33.3% and physical activities decreased from 10.1% to 5.8% during the COVID-19 pandemic. Till now, 5 strong waves have affected millions of people in Pakistan. To control this disease, different national and international vaccines have been introduced and about 80% people have been vaccinated in the country till date. How much these vaccin...
Muhammad Saad Waqas, Li Xia, Tian-Ci Yi*, Liang-Yu Sun, Rong Xiao and Dao-Chao Jin*
...d by many scientists but waste management behaviour of S. inthanonsis is still unknown. Here, we studied nest relocation and waste management behaviour of S. inthanonsis. Results showed that fecal piles, dead bodies and exuviae are the waste materials of S. inthanonsis nests. The defecation behaviour showed that S. inthanonsis deposited the less fecal pellets at the entrance of nest and mo...
Chang-Man Kim1, Sam-Churl Kim2 , Young-Ho Joo2, In-Hag Choi3*
...dor emission from animal wastes such as manure and slurry seriously affects animal health, and their environment. The control technology for odor emissions is still needed. Thus, the objective of the current study was to evaluate aluminum chloride (AlCl3) as an acidifier to reduce odorous compounds from pig slurry, as well as microclimatic temperature variations and pig eye conditions in pig indoor facilities during storage. A total of 360 crossbred fattening ...
Ikram Ullah1, Zaib Ullah2*, Junaid Khan1, Sajid Mahmood1, Zafar Iqbal3 and Naveed Akhtar2
...tion, anthropogenic food waste, and retaliatory killing were the main conservation threats to black bear survival in the study area....
Muhammad Adeel Farooq1, Shaukat Ali1*, Ali Hassan1, Rida Sulayman1, Muhammad Ahsan Kaleem2, Hafsa Shahzad1, Muhammad Summer1, Arooj Latif1, Tahreem Tanveer1
...sts, less expensive agro-wastes were used, such as soybean meal, wheat bran, apple peels, rice husk, and cucumber peels. The mutant strains of Bacillus subtilis (BSAA-5 to BSAA-40) and Bacillus licheniformis (BLAA-5 to BLAA-40) were prepared by exposure to UV radiation for 5 to 40 min to synthesize α-amylase via submerged fermentation. Then the crude α-amylase synthesized by these mutant strains was optimized and partially characterized. In contras...
Farha Deba1, Rubina Nelofer2 and Muhammad Irfan1*
...c destruction of keratin waste material rather of various conventional procedures that are expensive and not ecologically friendly.
Novelty Statement | The study reports proteolytic/keratinolytic bacteria for the first time from abattoir region.
...
Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi1,4,Wan Nur Hanani Wan Roslan1, Athirah Zawani Zulkifli Amin Rashid1, Siti Aisyah Mohd Hafiz Ngoo1, Mohd Hezmee Mohd Noor1, Muhammad Azrolharith Rashid1, Mohd Zamri Saad2, Danung Nur Adli5, Hasliza Abu Hassim1,3*
...fects of feeding soybean waste at different levels on the growth performance and carcass quality in quails (Coturnix coturnix). Forty-five male broiler quails aged two-days-old were reared for three weeks before they were used for the experiment. At the start of the experiment, the quails were divided into 3 groups of 15 quails per group. Group 1 (T0) was treated with 100% commercial diet without soybean waste, Group 2 (T1) ...
Elihasridas, Mardiati Zain*, Roni Pazla, Simel Sowmen, Qurrata Aini
...p>...
Kandiah Pakeerathan*, Konesalingam Jeyavithuyan, Aruchchunan Nirosha and Gunasingham Mikunthan
...planned to recycle plant waste into biologically fortified vermicompost. Four substrates paddy straw, garden waste (banana and maize leaves), sawdust, and kitchen waste were used as mushroom substrate and then mushroom grown waste was converted into bio-fortified vermicompost using exotic earthworm Eisenia foetida+ Trichoderma viride + Pseudomonas fluore...
Kusuma Adhianto*, Mika Tania Sidabutar, Liman, Arif Qisthon
...rying to use agriculture waste to overcome the scarcity of feed. In current experiment, corn cobs, an agriculture waste, were ammoniated with urea and used in the feed of Brahman cross cattle to determine their effects on the performance. This research was conducted between October and December 2021, involving Brahman cross cows (n=9) aged 8-12 months. The study utilized a randomized block design (RBD) with three treatments ...
SHEZA AYAZ KHILJI1* ZAHOOR AHMAD SAJID2 & SONIA GHULAM BARI1
...he concentrations of the wastewater. Heavy metals analyzed in the different concentrations of effluents were in the order of Cr > Cd > Pb. The growth parameters like shoot length, root length, fresh weight of leaves and roots, dry weight of roots and leaves, were recorded in the different concentrations of industrial effluents. The maximum growth was observed in 10 and 15% concentrations and minimum in 100% (industrial effluents). The uptake of metals Cr...
Fariha Javaid1*, Zahoor Qadir Samra1, Madeeha Shahzad Lodhi1,2, Aroosha Hussain1 and Gulnaz Pervaiz1
...of 60 to 93 % from these waste parts of the plant. This study achieved 4, 6, and 7-fold purification for leaf, peel, and stem BRM, respectively. This study showed positive results for utilizing affinity-purified BRM enzyme in the laundry and detergent industry due to its stability in different detergents and destaining properties....
Muhammad Shahid Nisar1*, Ahmad Kamran Khan1, Ghulam Fatima2, Irfan Ahmed4, Khizar Sami Ullah2 and Syeda Amber Hameed2,5
...gate the effect of fruit waste (FW) on live performance and blood parameters of Broilers for 56 days. Four experimental diets comprising 3 replicates with 20 birds each were tested with using complete randomized method consisting Diet 1 (D1) (treatment 1) with 100% basal feed (BF) and 0% fruit waste (FW), diet 2 (D2) (75 BF + 25% FW), diet 3 (D3) (50% BF + 50% FW) and diet 4 (D4) (25% BF + 75% FW). Non-significant results (p...
Nurul Isnaini*, Dedes Amertaningtyas, Hanief Eko Sulistyo, Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti, Faizal Andri
...: T0: 100% dried poultry waste; T1: mixed up-fermented dried poultry waste 75% and commercially laying hens feed (starter); T2: mixed up-fermented dried poultry waste 50% and 50% commercially laying hens feed (starter); T3: mixed up-fermented dried poultry waste 25% and 75% commercially laying hens feed (starter); T4: 100% and commercially laying hens fe...
Rusli Tonda1, Lili Zalizar1*, Wahyu Widodo1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi1, David Hermawan1, Damat Damat1, Zane Vincēviča-Gaile2, Irum Iqrar3, Trias Agung Pakarti4,5, Shazma Anwar6 and Wirawan Wira7
...mong the highest organic waste-generating countries, with an average of 12 × 106 t yr–1. After being processed, organic waste is highly potential to contribute to animal farming, and “aking rice” is one such product. After cleaning and rinsing, rice remains are sundried to reach a water content of < 14 %. However, no literature or findings are yet to discover whether “ak...
Kanda Yanuar Muhamad1,3, Trioso Purnawarman2, Chaerul Basri2*
...concerning transmission, waste handling, and prevention of zoonoses originating from reptiles. Therefore, efforts should be made to enhance the knowledge of zoonoses from reptiles among importers and reptile traders, aiming to prevent the transmission of zoonotic diseases from the reptiles being traded. ...
M. Azalou1,3*, C. C. Kpomasse1, A. S. Assani3,4, I. T. Alkoiret3,4, Wéré Pitala1,2
...al by-products, and food waste (p<0.05). The farming method and the total number of birds varied between rearing groups (p<0.05). The identification of these animals through their size and silhouette was more noticeable in Group 3 (58.62%) than in Groups 1 (46.34%) and 2 (50%). The production objective of all farmers was the production of meat for consumption. All geese farmers face almost the same difficulties, such as diseases, mortality, theft, and pr...
Rizqan*, Hilda Susanty, Linda Suhartati, Azhar, Arief, Elly Roza
...from citrus fruit peels, waste materials, and other sources. The objective of this research was to prepare an eco-enzyme using citrus fruit peel (Citrus reticulata) and analyze its organoleptic properties as well as its inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli pathogens. Eco-enzyme was prepared from citrus peel waste, resulting in a solution with a typical fresh sour aroma. The pH of the eco-enzy...
Ida Indrayani*, Andi Andri, Tevina Edwin
...icultural and plantation waste becomes an essential factor in developing a sustainable beef cattle business. We aimed to determine the potential for beef cattle development, and analyze the index and sustainability status based on four sustainable dimensions. We collected data from 60 beef cattle farmers in Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Livestock feed requirements are based on dry matter digestible (DM) originating from food crop
ZAFAR IQBAL KHAN1*, KAFEEL AHMAD1, KHALID NAWAZ2, MUHAMMAD NADEEM3, ASMA ASHFAQ1,
BABAR MUNIR1, HAFSA MEMOONA3, MADIHA SANA3, FARZANA SHAHEEN1, NAUNAIN MEHMOOD4, HIRA MUQADAS4, MAHPARA SHEZADI5, IJAZ RASOOL NOORKA6, HUMAYUN BASHIR1,
MUDASRA MUNIR1, ILKER UGULU7 & YUNUS DOGAN7
...al effluent and domestic wastewater for irrigation purpose. Ramzan sugar mill industry located at Chiniot discharges high amount of effluent which is used by farmers for irrigation purpose. Current experiment was conducted in Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan to assess the level of different heavy metals such as Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in wheat variety (Chagi-4) irrigated with varying quantity of sugar industry effluent. The water, soil and wheat grain samples were analyze...
KAFEEL AHMAD1, ROBINA KOKAB1, ZAFAR IQBAL KHAN1, ASMA ASHFAQ1, HUMAYUN BASHIR1, MUDASRA MUNIR1, MUHAMMAD SHER2, KINZA WAJID1, HASFSA MEMONA3, MADIHA SANA3, IJAZ RASOOL NOORKA4, MAHPARA SHEHZADI5, MUHAMMAD NADEEM6, TAHIR MAHMOOD QURESHI6, NAUNAIN MEHMOOD7, ABID IJAZ1, BUSHRA HUMA1, IFRA SALEEM MALIK1, KHALID NAWAZ8 ILKER UGULU9 &YUNUS DOGAN9
...increased utilization of wastewater has raised the level of heavy metals in the crops. Concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni, Mn, Zn, Cd, Co, and Fe) in soil, water, and wheat grains using different treatments of wastewater and ground water were determined in present pot experiment conducted in Sargodha, Pakistan. The current study also focused on the evaluation of bioconcentration factor and pollution load index of...
ZEESHAN REHMAN1, RANA ABRAR HUSSAIN1, SHAISTA JABEEN2, SAKHAWAT ALI2, ZAHAR NOREEN1 & IRUM MUKHTAR1*
...ted urban and industrial waste water is a source of heavy metals in soil is a major threat to ecological system and human health. Present study was carried out to evaluate human health risks in association with food chain contamination of heavy metals from urban and industrial wastewater irrigation. During present investigation, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ concentrations were analyzed in mostly cultivated/consumed Brassica oleracea....
ZAFAR IQBAL KHAN1, KAFEEL AHMAD1, HAREEM SAFDAR1, KINZA WAJID1, HUMAYUN BASHIR1, KHALID NAWAZ2, MAHPARA SHEHZADI3, IJAZ RASOOL NOORKA4, MUDASRA MUNIR1, IFRASALEEM MALIK1, ASMA ASHFAQ1, HIRA MUQADDAS5, HAFSA MEMOONA6, MADIHA SANA6, NAUNAIN MEHMOOD7, SAIF UR REHMAN8 & TASAWAR ABBAS8
Ho Xuan Nghiep1,2, Nguyen Binh Truong1,2*
...oportion of coconut meat waste (CMW) utilization replacing maize in feed supplements on feed consumption, nutrient digestibility and weight gain of beef cattle. Four male Charolais crossbred cattle (363±14.1 kg) were used in Latin square design (4x4) on 4 periods (3 weeks/period). The treatment replaced maize with coconut meat waste 0, 25, 50 and 75% (CMW0, CMW25, CMW50 and CMW75, respectively). The result showed that...
Putri Okta Shafura1, Mardiati Zain2*, Elihasridas2, Bima Bagaskara1, Ummi Amanah1, Laras Sukma Sucitra1, Bella Veliana Utami1, Roni Pazla2, Erpomen2, Ezi Masdia Putri3, Rusmana Wijaya Setia Ningrat2, Riris Delima Purba3, Ruslan Abdul Gopar3, Putut Suryo Negoro3
...itable formulation for a waste-based ration using ammoniated citronella to increase digestibility and provide optimal supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and mineral sulfur for rumen fluid characteristics. This study employed a completely randomized design comprising four treatments with four replications, with an incubation time of 48 hours. The ration was prepared based on a 50:50 composition of forage and concentrate, including P0 (Control), P1 (0.5...
Muhammad Adnan Khalid1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain1*, Shafaqat Ali2,3*, Abdullah Ijaz Hussain4, Muhammad Asrar1, Nisar Ahamd5, Majid Hussain6 and Muhammad Zubair-ul-Hassan Arsalan7
...ochar), diet IV (poultry waste biochar), diet V (vegetable waste biochar) and diet VI (corncob waste biochar). Triplicate groups of 15 fingerlings were kept in V-shaped tanks. In present study, a trial of 90 days was conducted to assess the effects of different types of biochar on body composition, mineral status and antioxidant activity of Cirrhinus mrigala. At the conclusion of feeding t...
Mona Adel El-Wakeel1 and Ibrahim Mohamed El-Metwally1
Iqra Haider Khan1 and *Arshad Javaid1
...rally grows as a weed in waste lands in Punjab, Pakistan. In the present study, antifungal effect of leaf extract of this weed was assessed against Aspergillus flavipes. Methanolic leaf extract of the weed was partitioned into five fractions using organic solvents of variable polarities. A range of concentrations (1.562 to 200 mg mL-1) of each fraction was used in laboratory bioassays. n-Butanol fraction showed the highest antifungal activity followed by chlor...
Haroon Khan1*, M. Mubassir Khan1, Bakhitar Gul1, M. Fawad1 and Imtiaz Khan1
...rchards, and undisturbed waste areas. Data regarding absolute and relative density, frequency and relative frequency and importance valve were recorded by the quadrate method. Cynodon dactylon had the highest relative density (27.21%), followed by Digiteria sanguinalis (14.87), Cyperus rotundus (12.96) and Euphorbia prostrata (5.12). Parthenium hysterophorus L. an invasive alien weed was recorded in almost all the sites with a density of (2.6 m-2) in the non-f...
