Sayeda Sarah and Muhammad Ibrar
...phate (RP) fertilizer on spores density and percent root colonization of selected sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids in P-deficient soil. It was observed that spore density and AMF root colonization was higher in the soil of control (RP0) plants, which decreases progressively with increasing fertility level. Less number of spores and percent root colonization was found at high RP level (RP100) in all hybrids. Higher P ...
Sadiq Hussain, Muhammad Sharif, Sarmad Khan, Fazli Wahid, Hina Nihar, Wiqar Ahmad, Imran Khan, Nadeem Haider and Tabassum Yaseen
...out inoculation. Maximum spores density of 58 and 46 were recorded by mycorrhiza inoculation with half and full level of vermicompost, while root colonization of 57.8% and 46% were maximum by the treatment of mycorrhiza inculcation with vermicompost. Results suggested that inoculation of mycorrhiza with vermicompost at half as well as full dose has potential to improve yield, yield component and nutrients uptake of wheat under prevailing soil and environmental...
Rabia Faiz and Dilara A. Bukhari*
Wasim Javaid1, Farid Asif Shaheen1*, Farah Naz2 and Muhammad Usman Raja2
...imes;107 and 1×108 spores/ml in stored chickpea grains. Highest mortality (90%) of PB was observed in 72 hours through application of 1×108spores/ml of M. anisopliae compared to B. bassiana with 60% mortality. On 24 hours of exposure, minimum mortality (4%) in PB was recorded in grains treated with 1×106 spores/ml of B. bassiana. In M. anisopliae, the concentrations of 1&...
Dilara A. Bukhari1,*, Naureen Fatima1 and Abdul Rehman2
...oassays with B.t. spores proved that seven B.t. isolates harboring cry11 gene (viz., NF B.t.,1,2,3,4,5,6,7) were toxic to 3rd instar larvae of mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Among seven B.t. isolates, three isolates NF5 B.t. 7.2, NF1 B.t. 1.1 and NF2 B.t. 4.2 were found most toxic which were isolated from moist soil containing decaying cattle waste, dry waste animal dung and leaf litter...
Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Sidra Mushtaq1, Muhammad Tariq Malik2, Ummad-ud-Din Umar1, Ateeq ur Rehman1, Shoaib Fareed3, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar4
...he carrier of the fungal spores and produce tunnels in the bark of the trees. Since, many extensive filed surveys of forests, avenues, road sides and canal banks has been made to calculate the total losses and mortality of the sheesham trees in Indian sub-continent. Up-till now billions of shisham trees have been destroyed because of decline or dieback disease but unluckily there is no suitable solution against this disease. There is a need to develop the resi...
Faiza Jabeen1,*, Bushra Muneer2 and Javed Iqbal Qazi3
... positive and formed endospores. The isolates were able to utilize sugars like fructose, Maltose, mannose, xylose, sacchorose, sorbitol, mannitol, Arabinose and polysaccharides like gelatin and starch. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that both isolates belong to the same specie Anoxybacillus rupiensis with 99% similarity under Accession number KF254911 (JF82) and KC849452 (JF83). The DNA G + C contents were 56.854% and 56...
Zubaria Malik, Zahir Shah* and Muhammad Tariq
...ing and analyzed for AMF spores. The results showed that neither root colonization of AMF in wheat and maize nor AMF spores density in soil were significantly (P<0.05) affected by cropping systems in any year. The average AMF spores in soil ranged from 45.1 to 39.8 per 20 g soil in wheat phase and 41.2 to 37.0 per 20 g soil in maize phase suggesting no considerable variation with season...
Shagufta Naz1, Ayesha Javed1, Ayesha Saleem1, Khadija Murtaza1, Rukhama Haq1, Akbar Hayat2 and Neelma Munir1,*
...microorganisms and their spores in foods. In recent study garlic samples were treated with three different doses of gamma radiation such as 0.5, 1 and 2 kGy. Effects of gamma radiation were analyzed for different aspects like microflora, moisture, fat, ash, fiber, phenolic content, sprouting inhibition, physiological weight loss, pyruvate analysis and sugar contents. Gamma radiation affected these parameters at higher doses but at 0.5 kGy no significant change...
Muhammad Zeeshan Nazar*, Ayyan Umer, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar, Faiz Ullah Faiz and Sikandar Hussain
...ed with B. thuringiensis spores with flaccid body and haemolymph liquid impelled leading to mortality. Provide the required temperature and humidity with appropriate hygienic condition to B. mori are advised to produce healthy silk. ...
Muhammad Riaz1*, Naureen Akhtar1, Salik Nawaz Khan1, Muhammad Shakeel1,2 and Ateeq Tahir1
Neocosmospora rubicola: An Unrecorded Pathogen from Pakistan Causing Potato Stem Rot
...ficially inoculating the spores of pathogen in healthy plants. Appearance of same symptoms and re-isolation of N. rubicola from infected tissue confirmed Koch’s pathogenicity postulates. Association of N. rubicola causing stem rot in potato is never reported before in Pakistan....
Ye Ge1, Chunmiao Zhao1, Weitian Xie2, Ying Liu2,* and Chunhou Xu1,*
.... subtilis) produces spores, and Rhamnose lactobacillus produces lactic acid. In this study, to obtain functional bacteria with lactic acid and lactobacilli and simultaneously producing spores and digestive enzymes, we produced the protoplast as the parent strain of B. subtilis and Rhamnose lactobacillus and analyzed the production rate of spores, the ability to re...
Madiha Nawaz and Shoaib Freed
....54×108 spores/ml), (3.26×108, 5.08×108 spores/ml) and (6.22×108, 7.20×108 spores/ml) with LT50 (6.43, 4.80), (5.43, 6.74) and (6.66, 6.69) days at highest concentrations. Amongst all isolates, B. bassiana isolate Bb-08 was highly efficient against cotton mealybug with highest percent mor...
Noura El-Shahat Attia1*, Abd El-Khalek Ramadan El-Sheikh1, Mohamed Omia Siam2
... the detection of fungal spores or mites. Blood samples were taken for hematological analysis, along with taking serum samples for biochemical analysis. Rectal temperature, heart, and respiration rates were not significantly differed between the two groups. Packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrothetic count (TEC), white blood cells (WBCs), serum glucose, total proteins and serum Zn were significantly decreased. Moreover, while copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) were s...
Nzube Thaddeus Egboka1*, Olajire Fagbola2, Ugochukwu Nnamdi Nkwopara1, Nnaemeka Henry Okoli1, Akaninyene Isaiah Afangide1 and Tochukwu Victor Nwosu3
...plusmn;3 and 39±5 spores 100 g-1 soil at the 0–15, 15–30 and 30–45 cm, respectively. In Ikwuano, there was no significant differences among means, and mean spore densities were more abundant at the 15–30 cm depth (67±2 spores 100 g-1 soil), followed concordantly by the 0–15 cm (66±4 spores 100 g-1 soil) and lowest at 30–45 cm depth (...
Tiyyabah Khan1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan1*, Muhammad Rizwan Khan1, Muhammad Umer1, Adnan Akhter1 and Waseem Akram2
... T. castaneum along with spores of Aspergillus flavus or A. parasiticus. The results revealed that all the tested insecticides proved to be more toxic against C. ferrugineus as compared to T. castaneum. C. ferrugineus showed complete mortality at the highest concentrations of spinosad (1 ppm) and thiamethoxam (4 ppm), while >95% mortality was recorded at the highest concentrations of imidacloprid (4 ppm) and indoxacarb (4 ppm). In the case of T. castaneum, ...
A. Beyan1, A. Seid†2 and H. Shifa1
...ml FOL suspension (1x106 spores per milliliter) per pot around the root rhizosphere one week after transplanting except the control which was not inoculated. The result revealed that concomitant inoculation of MJ and FOL (NF) followed by MJ first and FOL ten days after inoculation (N1F2) was found to be highly significant in reducing the tomato growth, biomass and pathogen related parameters compared to the un-inoculated control or single pathogen inoculated t...
D. A. Darban†, S. R. Gowen and B. Pembroke
...with of P. penetrans endospores, release and dispersal in the soil. Three time intervals, of
one week, two weeks and three weeks were allowed to observe the degradation of infected female cadavers and the
dispersal of released endospores. The hypothesis of this experiment was that, the spores of P. penetrans contained in
M. javanica females that have bee...
D. A. Darban1†, S. R. Gowen1, B. Pembroke1 and F. Hussain2
...d with an average of 1-5 spores and the number of juveniles without
spores very high.
...
N. Hajra, F. Shahina1, †, K. Firoza1 and R. Maria
...3. VAM fungi
spores were seen in cortical as well as in pith region of root in T3.
...
D.A. Darban†, S.R. Gowen, B. Pembroke, F. Hussain1 and R.A. Memon2
... took to degrade and for spores to be released from the cadavers into the soil. Regression analysis was
carried out to compare the degradation of P. penetrans infected females cadavers in different time intervals over two
crop cycles. There were highly significant decreases in the total number of egg-masses per plant between the 3
weeks and other treatments. Infected females (%) over both crop cy...
A.A. Mokbel
...adherent
endospores on J2 cuticle were ranged 3.6-9.4 and 6.2-11.4 endospore/J2 in the 1st and 2nd season, respectively. High
Pp concentrations resulted in the highest numbers of adherent endospores.
...
Sidra Hafeez1, Tayyaba Sanaullah2, Hafsa Naeem3, Mah Noor Hassan4, Muttalib5, Farhana Kausar6, Muhammad Salman Hameed7*, Muhammad Anayat Ullah8, Abdul Samad9, Memoona Bashir10 and Sadaf Shabbir11
...h pattern, growth color, spores shape, spores color, hyphal septation. For the confirmation of Koch’s postulates, the pathogenicity test was performed. CTAB method and Internal Transcribed Spacer region were applied to isolate and amplify the fungal genomic DNA respectively, by using universal primers ITS1/ITS4. The analysis of polygenetic of an amplified product revealed that black rot caused by D. bryoniae in pumpkin...
Rahmat Elahi1, Gulnaz Parveen1*, Nazara1, Faryal Ali2, Nain Tara3 and Saba Iqbal1
...lotter test method, only spores and mycelium of seed-borne fungi were detected, that was further confirmed by the agar plate method revealed the presence of eight different types of fungal colonies in maize varieties, each with varying percentages. Like Trichoderma harzianum colonies accounted for 3.33% of the treated seeds and 13.33% of the untreated seeds. Similarly, Penicillium spp. infection% 13.32% of untreated seeds and Aspergillus niger accounted for 13...
Daniel Offiong Etim1*, Idorenyin Asukwo Udo2, Rosemary Anietie Bassey1, Victoria Barrong Ogar1 and Etim John Umana1
..., 2.40 x 107, 1.85 x 107 spores/ml and T. harzianum at 2.40 x107, 1.40 x 107, 1.10 x 107 and 9.0 x 106 spores/ml were applied singly, in combination with poultry manure at 10, 15 and 20 t/ha. The obtained results showed highly susceptibility of okra to M. incognita with Gall index (G.I = 5.00) with no poultry manure amendment or Trichoderma infestation. Increase in poultry manure rates and spore density of Trichoderma applie...
S.Y.M. Mahmoud1 and M. Hashem2
...the thick-walled resting spores of P. betae. as well as by root vortexing in virus inoculum containing carborundum. The virus is not adsorbed to the exterior of the fungal vector but is internalized. Our results indicated that BNYVV is a widespread in sugar beet in Kafr EI-Sheikh Governorate. thus, precaution methods must be taken for reducing virus transmitting to other free-virus regions. ...
Uqba Mehmood
...of germination defective spores with substituted amino acids and alanine are not much different. Therefore all the amino acid proved competent germinant in place of alanine in ALA system. The overall role of germinants as a replacement in AGFK is satisfactory and they trigger germination in germination defective bacterial spores as do asparagines. In present studies all the germination defective spor...
Shishir Sharma1*, Suk Bahadur Gurung2, Ritesh Kumar Yadav1, Bibek Phulara1 and Laxmi Prasad Joshi1
...le PC4 with sporulation (spores/ml). Inbred lines were divided into three groups using cluster analysis, with 27 inbred lines being placed in cluster II. The mean values of the disease parameter were found to be the lowest in Cluster II, while the grain yield was the greatest. Cluster analysis showed the highest inter-cluster distance between cluster II and cluster III (4.19) and the lowest between cluster I and cluster III (2.24). Clusters I and III have the ...
