Response of Meloidogyne incognita infected Abelmoschus esculentus Plants to Fractions of Anacardium occidentale
Response of Meloidogyne incognita infected Abelmoschus esculentus Plants to Fractions of Anacardium occidentale
Olaolu Fadeyi1,2, Oluwatoyin Fabiyi3*, Tesleem Bello4 and Gabriel Olatunji5
ABSTRACT
Root knot nematodes belonging to the Genus Meloidogyne are regarded as very serious pests of many vegetables. Okra production in Nigeria and many parts of the world is threatened by the menace of RKNs and causing significant yield losses in production. Many growers result to the use of synthetic nematicides to combat this risk. However, due to the increasing awareness about the detrimental effects of chemicals on human health and the environment, its continuous use is discouraged worldwide. The search for other eco-friendly alternatives has led to the use of different plant extracts with known pesticidal properties. This current research was conducted to determine the nematicidal status of Anacardium occidental fractions. Analysis of ethanol extract of A. occidentale using gas chromatography spectrometry revealed the presence of several phyto constituents such as phenol, triterpenoids, flavonoids and other bio-active compounds. The array of fatty acid esters revealed in the GCMS result of the fractions especially fraction 52-71/Z2 is responsible for the exhibited toxicity to M. incognita with observed reduction in nematode population in roots and soil of the Okro plants. This resulted in increased fruit weight and the number of fruits per plant.
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